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SB-AGT: A stochastic beam search-enhanced attention-based Gumbel tree framework for drug-drug interaction extraction from biomedical literature

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 189卷 110011-110011页

作者： Saad, Eman Kishk, Sherif Ali-Eldin, Amr Saleh, Ahmed I. Communication and Information Technology Center Mansoura University Egypt Electronics and Communication Engineering Dept. Mansoura University Egypt Computer Engineering & Control Systems Dept. Mansoura University Egypt

Drug-Drug Interactions (DDI) and Chemical-Protein Interactions (CPI) detection are crucial for patient safety, as unidentified interactions may lead to severe Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). While extensive DDI and CPI information exists within biomedical literature, manual extraction by experts proves time-intensive and resource-demanding. This study presents SB-AGT: Stochastic Beam Search-enhanced Attention-based Gumbel Tree an innovative approach to automated DDI and CPI extraction through an attention-based architecture incorporating a modified Gumbel-Tree method with stochastic beam search optimization. SB-AGT leverages multi-head attention mechanisms and enhanced latent tree structures to effectively capture complex syntactic features and drug relationship patterns. Also, the methodology includes comprehensive preprocessing protocols and addresses dataset imbalance through hybrid sampling techniques. Experimental validation on the DDIExtraction 2013 and CHEMPROT datasets demonstrates the model's effectiveness, achieving precision, surpassing traditional approaches and showing competitive performance compared to contemporary pre-trained models. Through parametric analysis, we establish optimal beam search configurations that maximize the model's extraction accuracy. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Stochastic models

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Comparison of Whole Blood Coagulation Profiles in COVID-19 and Sepsis Patients Using a Handheld Dielectric Coagulometer

Comparison of Whole Blood Coagulation Profiles in COVID-19 a...

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2023 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and systems Conference, BioCAS 2023

作者： Pourang, Sina Suster, Michael A. Thomas, Asha Lapping, Stephanie D. Nayak, Lalitha V. Mohseni, Pedram Case Western Reserve University Dept. of Electrical Computer and Systems Engineering ClevelandOH United States University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Division of Hematology/Oncology ClevelandOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300260

Rapid point-of-care (POC) assessment of thrombosis is clinically important in patients who develop significant blood coagulation abnormalities such as noted with sepsis or COVID-19. In this work, we compare the coagulation profiles of whole blood in sepsis and COVID-19 patients using a handheld dielectric coagulometer termed ClotChip®. ClotChip® is a three-dimensional, parallel-plate, capacitive sensor integrated into a single-use microfluidic channel with a total volume of © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Blood coagulation COVID-19 dielectric spectroscopy microfluidics point-of-care testing

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A Review of Algorithms's Complexities on Different Valued Sorted and Unsorted Data

A Review of Algorithms's Complexities on Different Valued So...

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2023 International Conference on IT and Industrial Technologies, ICIT 2023

作者： Shabbir, Attia Majeed, Asad Iftikhar, Mahnoor Ali, Raja Hashim Arshad, Usama Shabbir, Muhammad Zeeshan Zeeshan Ijaz, Ali Ali, Nisar Aftab, Ali Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany Department of Electrical Engineering Lahore Pakistan University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315974

Sorting and searching are critical processes for effecttive data analysis. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of various sorting and searching algorithms and compare their time and space complexities on both sorted and unsorted data. The algorithms we analyzed include six common sorting algorithms (insertion, radix, bucket, merge, bubble, and quick sort) and three search algorithms (linear, binary, and jump search). The results of our study provide insights into the best algorithms to use for different input sizes and types of data. It was found that for small input sizes, all algorithms perform similarly, but for larger input sizes, insertion and radix sorts are better for time complexity while bubble sort is better for space complexity. Additionally, jump search outperformed linear and binary search algorithms in both time and space complexity. Besides, difference between time and space complexity of sorted and unsorted data was significant. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Computational complexity

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VVoIP Quality Improvement Over IMS Network based on background subtraction 21

VVoIP Quality Improvement Over IMS Network based on backgrou...

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21st International Learning and technology Conference, L and T 2024

作者： Ali, Hanafy M. Hussein, Aziza I. Ismail, Waled M. Hassan, Yahia B. Minia University Faculty of Engineering Computers and Systems Engineering Dept. El Minia Egypt Effat University College of Engineering Energy and Technology Research Center Saudi Arabia Telecom Egypt Co. Mobile Core Back Office Engineer Egypt Higher Institute of Engineering Electrical Eng. Dept Minia Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350393569

The dependence on making Voice and Video over Internet Protocol (VVoIP) calls has increased dramatically in recent times. The use of VVoIP applications is not limited to social applications only but extended to business applications. The improvement of VVoIP call quality is one of the most important factors that enhance the spread of VVoIP services. In many cases, the high network traffic prevents the possibility of sending high data rate live video streams as sending high data rate live stream over high-traffic networks causes an increase in the data loss *** this paper, the codec switching techniques used to improve the quality under live networks with high traffic are discussed. In addition, A technique based on background subtraction to improve the quality of VVoIP calls using Python code to detect the moving pixels (foreground) and subtract them from the frame to discard the background is *** proposed technique was tested on large scale live network. The tested parameters impacting the Quality of Service (QoS) were packet loss and delay variation (Jitter). The study based on the comparison of packet loss and Jitter for the three common resolutions 480P, 720P and, 1080P over high traffic network without using background subtraction vs. using background subtraction. The results showed a significant improvement in different rates for each resolution and network condition. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Quality of service

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BioPoint: Enhancing Human-computer Interaction through Single-Site, Multi-Sensor Gesture Recognition

BioPoint: Enhancing Human-Computer Interaction through Singl...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Xavier Isabel Evan Campbell Loïc Olivier Gabriel Gagné Erik Scheme Ulysse Côté-Allard Gabriel Gagnon-Turcotte Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Laval University Québec Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of New Brunswick Fredericton Canada Dept. of Technology Systems University of Oslo Oslo Norway

ISBN: (数字)9798350371499

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371505

Advancements in human-computer interaction (HCI) and machine learning are seen as key avenues to help individuals living with upper limb disabilities in accomplishing their activities of daily living. Multi-channel myoelectric systems are a promising approach for HCI due to their intuitive and accurate capture of user intent through muscle activity. However, such systems are still bulky compared to widely accepted smartwatches-like devices and as such pose a challenge for seamless integration into daily life. Consequently, this work presents the first single-site EMG-IMU-PPG system for multi-gesture recognition from the wrist. Overall, when evaluated on eight able-bodied participant, the system achieves an average accuracy of 65.28%±10.45% on 17 finger and wrist gestures and 90.98%±5.65% on eight hand gestures. This study also introduces "Myo Hero", an online environment inspired by "Guitar Hero." Myo Hero provides a dynamic method for testing multi-gesture recognition systems, improving the evaluation process’s appeal. Online evaluation of the multimodal system substantially outperformed random play, signifying EMG-IMU-PPG’s potential for human-computer interaction.

关键词： Human computer interaction Wrist Accuracy Pipelines Gesture recognition Rhythm Electromyography Recording Synchronization Testing

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Predicting Lifespan of Ground-to-Air Multipath Components in mmWave UAV Channels

Predicting Lifespan of Ground-to-Air Multipath Components in...

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2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, WCNC 2025

作者： Khawaja, Wahab Jacobsen, Rune H. Hussain, Sajid Guvenc, Ismail Aarhus University Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus8000 Denmark Mirpur Univ. Science and Technology Dept. Computer Systems Engineering AJK Mirpur10250 Pakistan North Carolina State University Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering RaleighNC27606 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368369

In mobile ground-to-air (GA) propagation channels, the birth and death of multipath components (MPCs) are frequently observed, and the wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) assumption does not always hold. Several methods exist for tracking the birth and death of MPCs, however, to the best of knowledge of authors, there is no existing literature that addresses the prediction of the lifespan of the MPCs in non-WSSUS GA propagation channels. In this work, we consider the GA channel as non-WSSUS and individual MPCs across receiver positions are represented as time series based on the Euclidean distance between channel parameters of the MPCs. These time series representations, referred to as path bins, are analyzed using a semi-Markov chain model. The channel parameter variations and dependencies between path bins are used to predict the lifespan of path bins using weighted sum method, machine learning classifiers, and deep neural networks. For comparison, the birth and death of path bins are also modeled using a Poisson distribution and a Markov chain. Simulation results demonstrate that deep neural networks offer highly accurate predictions for the lifespan (including death) of MPC path bins in the considered GA propagation scenario. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Markov chains

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A Preprocessing Method for Security-Constrained Unit Commitment with AC Power Flows

A Preprocessing Method for Security-Constrained Unit Commitm...

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IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)

作者： Mingze Li Weihang Ren Lei Fan Yongpei Guan Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston TX USA Engineering Technology University of Houston TX USA Dept. of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida FL USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331541125

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541132

This paper presents a preprocessing method to solve the security-constrained unit commitment with AC power flows (SCUC-ACPF), which is a large scale mixed-integer non-convex, nonlinear optimization problem. We introduce clustering algorithms and local search to reduce problem complexity, and obtain local optimal solutions within limited solving time and computational capacity. The clustering algorithms group buses into manageable clusters centered around core buses, creating smaller sub-grids for efficient optimization. The local search algorithms iteratively explore and improve solution quality. Our method ensures balanced clusters that respect physical and operational constraints, significantly enhancing optimization efficiency and contributing to more effective grid management and operation.

关键词： Heuristic algorithms Clustering methods Clustering algorithms Search problems Boundary conditions Power grids Complexity theory Optimization AC power transmission

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Decomposition Algorithm for Security-Constrained Unit Commitment with AC Optimal Power Flows

Decomposition Algorithm for Security-Constrained Unit Commit...

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IEEE Texas Power and Energy Conference (TPEC)

作者： Weihang Ren Mingze Li Lei Fan Yongpei Guan Dept. of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Florida FL USA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Houston TX USA Engineering Technology University of Houston TX USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331541125

ISBN: (纸本)9798331541132

This paper presents a comprehensive approach to solving the security-constrained unit commitment with alternating current power flows (SCUC-ACPF) problem in contemporary power systems. We introduce algorithms that decompose the problem into subproblems suitable for specialized solvers, so that the large-scale mixed-integer nonlinear program-ming SCUC-ACPF problem can be solved. In case studies, we validate the efficiency and effectiveness of our algorithms on synthetic and industry-scale power system networks.

关键词： Runtime Scalability Power systems Planning Security Optimization AC power transmission Load flow

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Developing xApps for Rogue Base Station Detection in SDR-Enabled O-RAN

Developing xApps for Rogue Base Station Detection in SDR-Ena...

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2023 IEEE INFOCOM Conference on computer Communications Workshops, INFOCOM WKSHPS 2023

作者： Huang, Jun-Hong Cheng, Shin-Ming Kaliski, Rafael Hung, Cheng-Feng National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering Taipei Taiwan Research Center for Information Technology Innovation Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan National Sun Yat-sen University Dept. of Electrical Engineering Kaohsiung Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665494274

In order to support the diverse requirements of 5G communications, a multitude of RAN components are required. To enable multiple vendor support for 5G, each of whom can independently choose components, Open-RAN (O-RAN) defined a set of standards to which the components must adhere. In addition, O-RAN defines the management elements used to manage each component to secure the 5G networks. While the proposed architecture can manage both 4G and 5G environments, including 5G NSA (Non-Standalone), it inherently suffers from the same vulnerabilities found in 4G LTE. Consequently, an attacker can use unprotected signaling and a low-cost Software Defined Radio (SDR) to launch rogue base station (RBS) attacks on the user equipment (UE), even in O-RAN architectures. In this paper, we consider the stability of signals collected from high-quality operational BSs versus cheap RBSs. Using signal stability features, we develop a machine learning (ML) based RBS detector located on the UE. With the aid of an O-RAN xAPP, ML models can be retrained using the data collected from multiple UEs, and the updated model can be delivered to UEs to enable higher detection accuracy. We conduct extensive experiments by implementing an RBS using a USRP B210, enabling O-RAN using E- Release, and data collected from operational BSs. Moreover, the detector is implemented as an Android APP, which realizes the connection to the O-RAN xAPP. The experimental results show that our detector can achieve more than 99% accuracy, precision 'recall' and F1 score. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Base stations

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A Compensation Mechanism for EV Flexibility Services using Discrete Utility Functions

A Compensation Mechanism for EV Flexibility Services using D...

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2022 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference Europe, ISGT-Europe 2022

作者： Giraldo, Juan S. Arias, Nataly Banol Duque, Edgar Mauricio Salazar Hoogsteen, Gerwin Hurink, Johann L. University of Twente Mathematics and Computer Science Dept. of Electrical Engineering Netherlands Energy Transition Studies Netherlands Eindhoven University of Technology Electrical Energy Systems Group Netherlands

ISBN: (数字)9781665480321

ISBN: (纸本)9781665480321

Compensation mechanisms are used to counterbalance the discomfort suffered by users due to quality service issues. Such mechanisms are currently used for different purposes in the electrical power and energy sector, e.g., power quality and reliability. This paper proposes a compensation mechanism using EV flexibility management of a set of charging sessions managed by a charging point operator (CPO). Users' preferences and bilateral agreements with the CPO are modelled via discrete utility functions for the energy not served. A mathematical proof of the proposed compensation mechanism is given and applied to a test scenario using historical data from an office building with a parking lot in the Netherlands. Synthetic data for 400 charging sessions was generated using multivariate elliptical copulas to capture the complex dependency structures in EV charging data. Numerical results validate the usefulness of the proposed compensation mechanism as an attractive measure both for the CPO and the users in case of energy not served. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Office buildings

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