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Symbol Emergence in Cognitive Developmental systems: A Survey

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Taniguchi, Tadahiro Ugur, Emre Hoffmann, Matej Jamone, Lorenzo Nagai, Takayuki Rosman, Benjamin Matsuka, Toshihiko Iwahashi, Naoto Oztop, Erhan Piater, Justus Wörgötter, Florentin College of Information Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University 1-1-1 Noji Higashi Shiga Kusatsu525-8577 Japan Dept. of Computer Engineering Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Dept. Cybernetics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Czech Technical University Prague Czech Republic School of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of London United Kingdom Faculty of Informatics and Engineering The University of Electro-communications Japan Mobile Intelligent Autonomous Systems The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research The School of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics The University of the Witwatersrand South Africa Department of Cognitive and Information Science Chiba University Japan Faculty of Computer Science and Systems Engineering Okayama Prefectural University Japan Dept. of Computer Science Ozyegin University Istanbul Turkey The Dept. of Computer Science Universität Innsbruck Austria The Department for Computational Neuroscience The Bernstein Center of the University of Göttingen Inst. F. Physics Iii Germany

Humans use signs, e.g., sentences in a spoken language, for communication and thought. Hence, symbol systems like language are crucial for our communication with other agents and adaptation to our real-world environment. The symbol systems we use in our human society adaptively and dynamically change over time. In the context of artificial intelligence (AI) and cognitive systems, the symbol grounding problem has been regarded as one of the central problems related to symbols. However, the symbol grounding problem was originally posed to connect symbolic AI and sensorimotor information and did not consider many interdisciplinary phenomena in human communication and dynamic symbol systems in our society, which semiotics considered. In this paper, we focus on the symbol emergence problem, addressing not only cognitive dynamics but also the dynamics of symbol systems in society, rather than the symbol grounding problem. We first introduce the notion of a symbol in semiotics from the humanities, to leave the very narrow idea of symbols in symbolic AI. Furthermore, over the years, it became more and more clear that symbol emergence has to be regarded as a multifaceted problem. Therefore, secondly, we review the history of the symbol emergence problem in different fields, including both biological and artificial systems, showing their mutual relations. We summarize the discussion and provide an integrative viewpoint and comprehensive overview of symbol emergence in cognitive systems. Additionally, we describe the challenges facing the creation of cognitive systems that can be part of symbol emergence systems. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cognitive systems

The ALMA REBELS Survey: Discovery of a massive, highly star-forming and morphologically complex ULIRG at z = 7.31

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Hygate, A.P.S. Hodge, J.A. da Cunha, E. Rybak, M. Schouws, S. Inami, H. Stefanon, M. Graziani, L. Schneider, R. Dayal, P. Bouwens, R.J. Smit, R. Bowler, R.A.A. Endsley, R. Gonzalez, V. Oesch, P.A. Stark, D.P. Algera, H.S.B. Aravena, M. Barrufet, L. Ferrara, A. Fudamoto, Y. Hilhorst, J.H.A. De Looze, I. Nanayakkara, T. Pallottini, A. Riechers, D.A. Sommovigo, L. Topping, M.W. van der Werf, P. Leiden Observatory Leiden University P.O. Box 9513 Leiden2300 RA Netherlands International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley26WA 6009 Australia 2601 Australia Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology Delft Netherlands Hiroshima Astrophysical Science Center Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Departament d’Astronomia i Astrofísica Universitat de València C. Dr. Moliner 50 Burjassot ValènciaE-46100 Spain Dipartimento di Fisica Sapienza Università di Roma Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 RomaI-00185 Italy INAF Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri Largo E. Fermi 5 FirenzeI-50125 Italy Sapienza School for Advanced Studies Viale Regina Elena 291 RomaI-00161 Italy INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma via Frascati 33 Monte Porzio Catone RomaI-00078 Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Roma1 Piazzale Aldo Moro 2 RomaI-00185 Italy Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics Department of Physics and Astronomy School of Natural Sciences The University of Manchester ManchesterM13 9PL United Kingdom Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 N Cherry Ave TucsonAZ85721 United States Departmento de Astronomia Universidad de Chile Casilla 36-D Santiago7591245 Chile Camino del Observatorio 1515 Las Condes Santiago7591245 Chile Observatoire de Genève VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland Niels Bohr Institute University of Copenhagen Jagtvej 128 København NDK-2200 Denmark National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo Japan Nucleo de Astronomia Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias Universidad Diego Portales Av. Ejercito 441 Santiago Chile Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza dei Cavalieri 7 PisaI- 50126 Italy Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Waseda University 3-4-1 Okubo Shinjuku Tokyo169-8555 Japan Sterrenkun

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) [Cii] and ∼ 158μm continuum observations of REBELS-25, a massive, morphologically complex ultra-luminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG;LIR = 1.5+−00.85 × 1012 L) at z = 7.31, spectroscopically confirmed by the Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey (REBELS) ALMA Large Programme. REBELS-25 has a significant stellar mass of M∗ = 8+−42 × 109 M . From dust-continuum and ultraviolet observations, we determine a total obscured + unobscured star formation rate of SFR = 199+−10163 M yr−1. This is about four times the SFR estimated from an extrapolated main-sequence. We also infer a [Cii]-based molecular gas mass of MH2 = 5.1+−52.16 × 1010 M, implying a molecular gas depletion time of tdepl,H2 = 0.3+−00.32 Gyr. We observe a [Cii] velocity gradient consistent with disc rotation, but given the current resolution we cannot rule out a more complex velocity structure such as a merger. The spectrum exhibits excess [Cii] emission at large positive velocities (∼ 500 km s−1), which we interpret as either a merging companion or an outflow. In the outflow scenario, we derive a lower limit of the mass outflow rate of 200 M yr−1, which is consistent with expectations for a star formation-driven outflow. Given its large stellar mass, SFR and molecular gas reservoir ∼ 700 Myr after the Big Bang, we explore the future evolution of REBELS-25. Considering a simple, conservative model assuming an exponentially declining star formation history, constant star formation efficiency, and no additional gas inflow, we find that REBELS-25 has the potential to evolve into a galaxy consistent with the properties of high-mass quiescent galaxies recently observed at z ∼ 4. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

A joint network/control design for cooperative automatic driving

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A joint network/control design for cooperative automatic dri...

2017 IEEE Vehicular Networking Conference, VNC 2017

作者： Giordano, Giulia Segata, Michele Blanchini, Franco Cigno, Renato Lo Delft Center for Systems and Control Delft University of Technology Netherlands Dipartimento di Matematica e Informatica University of Udine Italy Dept. of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781538609866

Cooperative automatic driving, or platooning, is a promising solution to improve traffic safety, while reducing congestion and pollution. The design of a control system for this application is a challenging, multi-disciplinary problem, as cooperation between vehicles is obtained through wireless communication. So far, control and network issues of platooning have been investigated separately. In this work we design a cooperative driving system from a joint network and control perspective, determining worst-case upper bounds on the safety distance subject to network losses, so the actual inter-vehicle gap can be tuned depending on vehicle or network performance. By means of simulation, we show that the system is very robust to packet losses and that the derived bounds are never violated. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Traffic congestion

Industry-academia collaborations in software engineering 21

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Industry-academia collaborations in software engineering

21st International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software engineering, EASE 2017

作者： Garousi, Vahid Felderer, Michael Fernandes, João M. Pfahl, Dietmar Mäntylä, Mika V. SnT Center University of Luxembourg Luxembourg Dept. of Computer Engineering Hacettepe University Ankara Turkey Department of Computer Science University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria Dept. Informatica ALGORITMI Universidade do Minho Braga Portugal Institute of Computer Science University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Faculty of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering University of Oulu Oulu Finland

ISBN: (纸本)9781450348041

Research collaboration between industry and academia supports improvement and innovation in industry and helps to ensure industrial relevance in academic research. However, many researchers and practitioners believe that the level of joint industry-academia collaboration (IAC) in software engineering (SE) research is still relatively low, compared to the amount of activity in each of the two communities. The goal of the empirical study reported in this paper is to exploratory characterize the state of IAC with respect to a set of challenges, patterns and anti-patterns identified by a recent Systematic Literature Review study. To address the above goal, we gathered the opinions of researchers and practitioners w.r.t. their experiences in IAC projects. Our dataset includes 47 opinion data points related to a large set of projects conducted in 10 different countries. We aim to contribute to the body of evidence in the area of IAC, for the benefit of researchers and practitioners in conducting future successful IAC projects in SE. As an output, the study presents a set of empirical findings and evidence-based recommendations to increase the success of IAC projects. © 2017 ACM.

关键词： Industrial research

The unusual M-dwarf Warm Jupiter TOI-1899∼b: Refinement of orbital and planetary parameters

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lin, Andrea S.J. Libby-Roberts, Jessica E. Alvarado-Montes, Jaime A. Cañas, Caleb I. Kanodia, Shubham Han, Te Hebb, Leslie Jensen, Eric L.N. Mahadevan, Suvrath Powers, Luke C. Swaby, Tera N. Wisniewski, John Beard, Corey Bender, Chad F. Blake, Cullen H. Cochran, William D. Diddams, Scott A. Frazier, Robert C. Fredrick, Connor Gully-Santiago, Michael Halverson, Samuel Logsdon, Sarah E. McElwain, Michael W. Morley, Caroline Ninan, Joe P. Rajagopal, Jayadev Ramsey, Lawrence W. Robertson, Paul Roy, Arpita Schwab, Christian Stefánsson, Guðmundur Stevens, Daniel J. Terrien, Ryan C. Wright, Jason T. Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics 525 Davey Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds 525 Davey Laboratory The Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Macquarie University Balaclava Road North RydeNSW2109 Australia The Macquarie University Astrophysics and Space Technologies Research Centre Macquarie University Balaclava Road North RydeNSW2109 Australia NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 8800 Greenbelt Road GreenbeltMD20771 United States Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science 5241 Broad Branch Road NW WashingtonDC20015 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy The University of California Irvine IrvineCA92697 United States Physics Department Hobart and William Smith Colleges 300 Pulteney Street GenevaNY14456 United States Department of Astronomy Cornell University 245 East Ave IthacaNY14850 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy Swarthmore College SwarthmorePA19081 United States ETH Zurich Institute for Particle Physics & Astrophysics Zurich Switzerland Department of Physics & Astronomy University of Wyoming 1000 E. University Dept 3905 LaramieWY82071 United States NASA Headquarters 300 Hidden Figures Way SW WashingtonDC20546 United States Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 N Cherry Ave TucsonAZ85721 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Pennsylvania 209 South 33rd Street PhiladelphiaPA19104 United States McDonald Observatory Center for Planetary Systems Habitability The University of Texas AustinTX78712 United States Electrical Computer & Energy Engineering 425 UCB University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Physics 390 UCB University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States National Institute of Standards & Technology 325 Broadway BoulderCO80305 United

TOI-1899 b is a rare exoplanet, a temperate Warm Jupiter orbiting an M-dwarf, first discovered by Cañas et al. (2020) from a TESS single-transit event. Using new radial velocities (RVs) from the precision RV spectrographs HPF and NEID, along with additional TESS photometry and ground-based transit follow-up, we are able to derive a much more precise orbital period of (formula presented) d, along with a radius of Rp = 0.99±0.03 RJ. We have also improved the constraints on planet mass, Mp = 0.67±0.04 MJ, and eccentricity, which is consistent with a circular orbit at (formula presented). TOI-1899 b occupies a unique region of parameter space as the coolest known (Teq ≈ 380 K) Jovian-sized transiting planet around an M-dwarf;we show that it has great potential to provide clues regarding the formation and migration mechanisms of these rare gas giants through transmission spectroscopy with JWST as well as studies of tidal evolution. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Orbits

Learning to Prevent Monocular SLAM Failure using Reinforcement Learning

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arXiv 2018年

作者： Prasad, Vignesh Daga, Swapnil Yadav, Karmesh Pareekutty, Nahas Saurabh, Rohitashva Singh Madhava Krishna, K. Ravindran, Balaraman Bhowmick, Brojeshwar Embedded Systems & Robotics TCS Research & Innovation Kolkata India Robotics Research Center KCIS IIIT Hyderabad India Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh United States Dept. of Robotics Engineering John Hopkins University Baltimore United States Dept. of Computer Science Indian Institute of Technology Madras India

Monocular SLAM refers to using a single camera to estimate robot ego motion while building a map of the environment. While Monocular SLAM is a well studied problem, automating Monocular SLAM by integrating it with trajectory planning frameworks is particularly challenging. This paper presents a novel formulation based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) that generates fail safe trajectories wherein the SLAM generated outputs do not deviate largely from their true values. Quintessentially, the RL framework successfully learns the otherwise complex relation between perceptual inputs and motor actions and uses this knowledge to generate trajectories that do not cause failure of SLAM. We show systematically in simulations how the quality of the SLAM dramatically improves when trajectories are computed using RL. Our method scales effectively across Monocular SLAM frameworks in both simulation and in real world experiments with a mobile robot. Copyright © 2018, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Trajectories

Ergodic Capacity Analysis of Wireless Transmission over Generalized Multipath/Shadowing Channels

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Ergodic Capacity Analysis of Wireless Transmission over Gene...

IEEE Conference on Vehicular technology (VTC)

作者： Paschalis C. Sofotasios Seong Ki Yoo Sami Muhaidat Simon L. Cotton Michail Matthaiou Mikko Valkama George K. Karagiannidis Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng. Khalifa Univ. of Sci. & Technol. Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Institute of Electronics Communications and Information Technology Queen's University of Belfast Belfast UK Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Institute for Communication Systems University of Surrey Guildford UK Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering University of Technology Tampere Finland Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece

Novel composite fading models were recently proposed based on inverse gamma distributed shadowing conditions. These models were extensively shown to provide remarkable modeling of the simultaneous occurrence of multipath fading and shadowing phenomena in emerging wireless scenarios such as cellular, off-body and vehicle-to-vehicle communications. Furthermore, the algebraic representation of these models is rather tractable, which renders them convenient to handle both analytically and numerically. Based on this, the present contribution analyzes the ergodic capacity over the recently proposed κ-μ/inverse gamma composite fading channels, which were shown to characterize excellently multipath fading and shadowing in line-of-sight communication scenarios, including realistic vehicular communications. Novel analytic expressions are derived which are subsequently used in the analysis of the corresponding system performance. In this context, the offered results are compared with respective results from cases assuming conventional fading conditions, which leads to the development of numerous insights on the effect of the multipath fading and shadowing severity on the achieved capacity levels. It is expected that these results will be useful in the design of timely and demanding wireless technologies such as wearable, cellular and inter-vehicular communications.

关键词： Fading channels Numerical models Analytical models Wireless communication Shadow mapping Mathematical model Finite wordlength effects

A novel global maximum power point tracking method for PV system using Jaya algorithm

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A novel global maximum power point tracking method for PV sy...

2017 IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration, EI2 2017

作者： Huang, Chao Zhang, Zijun Wang, Long Song, Zhe Long, Huan Dept. of Systems Engineering and Engineering Management City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong School of Computer and Communication Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China School of Business Nanjing University Nanjing China School of Electrical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538614273

This paper develops a Jaya-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for photovoltaic (PV) arrays working under variable partial shading conditions. In practice, the Jaya is deployed in the inverter to obtain the optimal voltage setting for MPPT through an efficient iterative interaction with the PV system. A simulation study is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in tracking the global maximum power point (GMPP) of PV arrays exposed to various partial shading patterns. The performance of the proposed method is benchmarked with PSO which is the most frequently utilized optimization algorithm for PV MPPT. Simulation results illustrate that the proposed method requires less iterations to converge to the GMPP and shows higher dynamical tracking efficiency than PSO methods. © 2017 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

Astro 2020 state of the profession: Astrophotonics white paper

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Gatkine, Pradip Veilleux, Sylvain Mather, John Betters, Christopher Bland-Hawthorn, Jonathan Bryant, Julia Bradley Cenko, S. Dagenais, Mario Deming, Drake Ellis, Simon Greenhouse, Matthew Harris, Andrew Jovanovic, Nemanja Kuhlmann, Steve Kutyrev, Alexander Leon-Saval, Sergio Madhav, Kalaga Moseley, Samuel Norris, Barnaby Rauscher, Bernard Roth, Martin Vogel, Stuart Dept. of Astronomy University of Maryland College ParkMD United States Joint Space-Science Institute Univ. of Maryland College ParkMD United States Institute of Astronomy and Kavli Institute for Cosmology University of Cambridge CambridgeCB3 0HA United Kingdom NASA Goddard Space Flight Center GreenbeltMD United States Sydney Institute for Astronomy Sydney Astrophotonic Instrumentation Labs School of Physics University of Sydney NSW2006 Australia Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Univ. of Maryland College ParkMD United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy Macquarie University SydneyNSW2109 Australia California Institute of Technology PasadenaCA United States Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue ArgonneIL United States innoFSPEC Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam Germany

Astrophotonics is the application of versatile photonic technologies to channel, manipulate, and disperse guided light from one or more telescopes to achieve scientific objectives in astronomy in an efficient and cost-effective way. The developments and demands from the telecommunication industry have driven a major boost in photonic technology and vice-versa in the last ∼40 years. The photonic platform of guided light in fibers and waveguides has opened the doors to next-generation instrumentation for both ground- and space-based telescopes in optical and near/mid-IR bands, particularly for the upcoming extremely large telescopes (ELTs). The large telescopes are pushing the limits of adaptive optics to reach close to a near-diffraction-limited performance. The photonic devices are ideally suited for capturing this AO-corrected light and enabling new and exciting science such as characterizing exoplanet atmospheres. The purpose of this white paper is to summarize the current landscape of astrophotonic devices and their scientific impact, highlight the key issues, and outline specific technological and organizational approaches to address these issues in the coming decade and thereby enable new discoveries as we embark on the era of extremely large telescopes. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cost effectiveness