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ACM International Conference Proceeding Series 2010年 vii-ix页

作者： Bode, Arndt Bouissou, Marc Distefano, Salvatore Puliafito, Antonio Trivedi, Kishor Walter, Max Technische Universität München Department of Computer Architecture Germany Electricité de France R and D/MRI Department France Università di Messina Multimedia and Distributed Systems Laboratory Italy Duke University Durham Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States

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Markov Decision Process-based analysis of rechargeable nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks 10

Markov Decision Process-based analysis of rechargeable nodes...

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Proceedings of the 2010 Spring Simulation Multiconference

作者： Misra, Sudip Rout, Rashmi Ranjan Krishna, T. Raghu Vamsi Manilal, Patel Manish Kumar Obaidat, Mohammad S. School of IT IIT Kharagpur Kharagpur India G.S. Sanyal School of Telecommunications IIT Kharagpur Kharagpur India SCS and IEEE Computer Science and Software Engineering Dept. Monmouth University W. Long Branch NJ United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450300698

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are popular nowadays for applications ranging from environmental monitoring to object tracking and surveillance. But the sensors which are deployed are energy constrained. The nodes in WSNs deplete of their very limited energy over time. In this work, we consider a network of rechargeable sensors deployed in a random sensing environment. Using Markov Decision Processes (MDP), we analyze the sensor nodes having different levels of energies in the batteries, so as to maximize a generalized system performance in terms of recharge delay and the number of sensor nodes recharged. We have formulated a relationship between the residual energy level of a sensor node and the recharge delay. The simulation results establish the effectiveness of our approach in decreasing the number of passive nodes and the recharge delay in WSNs. © 2010 SCS.

关键词： Markov processes

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Implementation of a scalable, globally plesiochronous locally synchronous, off-chip NoC communication protocol

Implementation of a scalable, globally plesiochronous locall...

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2009 NORCHIP

作者： Minhass, Wajid Hassan Öberg, Johnny Sander, Ingo Dept. of Electronics Computer and Software Systems Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781424443109

Multiprocessor system-on-chip design (MPSoC) is becoming a regular feature of the embedded systems. Shared-bus systems hold many advantages, but they do not scale. Network on chip (NoC) offers a promising solution to the scalability problem by enhancing the topology design. However, standard NoCs are only scalable within a chip. To be able to build infinitely scalable structures, a method to enhance the NoC-grid off-chip is needed. In this paper, we present such a method. As a proof of concept, the protocol is implemented on a 4 by 4 Mesh NoC, with NIOS II CPU cores as nodes, partitioned across four separate Altera FPGA boards, each board hosting a Quad-Core (2x2) NoC, operating on a local 50 MHz clock. The inter-chip communication protocol uses asynchronous clock bridges, with a throughput of 50 Mbps (~1MFlit/s) and is completely scalable. The NoC has an onboard throughput of 650 Mbps (12.5 MFlit/s). Each Quad-Core uses 28% of the LUs, 18% of the ALUTs, 22 % of the dedicated registers and 31% of the total memory blocks of the Stratix II FPGAs. Application programs use an MPI compatible Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) to communicate with each other over the NoC. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Network-on-chip

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Camera and LCM IP-Cores for NIOS SOPC system 09

Camera and LCM IP-Cores for NIOS SOPC system

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6th FPGAworld Conference, FPGAworld 2009

作者： Navas, Byron Sander, Ingo Öberg, Johnny Dept. of Electronics Computer and Software Systems Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9781605588797

This paper presents the development of IP-Cores to integrate the Terasic DC2 Camera and LCM (LCD Module) daughter boards into an Altera Nios System, so that the image can be further processed by embedded software or custom hardware instructions. Among other challenges overcome during this work are clock-domain crossing, synchronizing FIFO design, variable and pipelined burst control, multi-masters contention for system memory and image frame buffer switching. In addition, we designed software device drivers, and API functions intended for graphics, image processing and video control;which are part of the IP deliverables. In a brief, this work describes some concepts and methodologies involved in the creation of IP-Cores for an Altera SOPC;it also presents the results of the designed CAM-IP and LCM-IP Cores working in an application demo, which constitutes a real solution and a reference design. Copyright © 2009 ACM.

关键词： Embedded systems

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L1 REGULARIZED ROOM MODELING WITH COMPACT MICROPHONE ARRAYS

L1 REGULARIZED ROOM MODELING WITH COMPACT MICROPHONE ARRAYS

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IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing

作者： Demba Ba Flavio Ribeiro Cha Zhang Dinei Florencio Dept. of Electrical Eng. and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 Electronic Systems Engineering Department Universidade de Sao Paulo Brazil Microsoft Research One Microsoft Way Redmond WA 98052

ISBN: (纸本)9781424442959;9781424442966

Acoustic room modeling has several applications. Recent results using large microphone arrays show good performance, and are helpful in many applications. For example, when designing a better acoustic treatment for a concert hall, these large arrays can be used to help map the acoustic environment and aid in the design. However, in real-time applications - including de-reverberation, sound source localization, speech enhancement and 3D audio - it is desirable to model the room with existing small arrays and existing loudspeakers. In this paper we propose a novel room modeling algorithm, which uses a constrained room model and l_(1)-regularized least-squares to achieve good estimation of room geometry. We present experimental results on both real and synthetic data.

关键词： Shoebox room modeling wall discrimination circular microphone array 11-constrained least squares microphone arrays Microphone Device Component Rooms Modeling Acoustic environments real-time application program synthetic data arrays LU1 Automatic incident detection Real number Concert halls

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Short-circuit analysis of an isolated generator and comparative study of IEC, ANSI and dynamic simulation

Short-circuit analysis of an isolated generator and comparat...

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7th Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition on Power Generation, Transmission, Distribution and Energy Conversion (MedPower 2010)

作者： Ch. G. Kaloudas P. N. Papadopoulos T. A. Papadopoulos A. G. Marinopoulos G. K. Papagiannis Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki GR Power Systems Laboratory Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki / Greece GR 54124 P.O. Box 486 ABB Corporate Research Center Sweden Vasteras SE

The accurate evaluation of short-circuit currents is significant for the estimation of the maximum thermal and mechanical stress in electrical equipment and for the protection coordination of power systems. The IEC-60909 standard is widely used for the calculation of maximum and minimum short-circuit currents. The calculation according to the ANSI standard is also a reliable tool for the proper selection of circuit breakers. Symmetrical and asymmetrical fault currents in a typical topology of an isolated synchronous generator feeding local loads, fault current results are calculated using IEC-60909 and ANSI standards and are compared to the corresponding obtained by the dynamic simulation using ATP/EMTP. The influence of different network parameters as well as of some simplifying assumptions on generator modeling in both standards is systematically investigated and differences between the static and the dynamic analysis are examined.

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A procedure for estimating gestural scores from natural speech

A procedure for estimating gestural scores from natural spee...

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作者： Nam, Hosung Mitra, Vikramjit Tiede, Mark Saltzman, Elliot Goldstein, Louis Espy-Wilson, Carol Hasegawa-Johnson, Mark Haskins Laboratories United States Institute for Systems Research Dept. of Electrical and Comp. Eng. University of Maryland United States Research Laboratory of Electronics MIT United States Department of Physical Therapy Boston Univ. United States Department of Linguistics Univ. of Southern California United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Univ. of Illinois Urbana-Champaign United States

Speech can be represented as a constellation of constricting events, gestures, which are defined at distinct vocal tract sites, in the form of a gestural score. Gestures and their output trajectories, tract variables, which are available only in synthetic speech, have recently been shown to improve automatic speech recognition (ASR) performance. In this paper we propose an iterative analysis-by-synthesis landmark based time-warping architecture to obtain gestural scores for natural speech. Given an utterance, the Haskins Laboratories Task Dynamics and Application (TADA) model was used to generate its prototype gestural score and the corresponding synthetic acoustic output. An optimal gestural score was estimated through iterative time-warping processes such that the distance between original and TADA-synthesized speech is minimized. We compared the performance of our approach to that of a conventional dynamic time warping procedure using Log-Spectral and Itakura Distance measures. We also performed a word recognition experiment using the gestural annotations to show that the gestural scores are suitable for word recognition. © 2010 ISCA.

关键词： Speech communication

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Influence of contact resistance on shielding efficiency of shielding gutters for HV cables

Influence of contact resistance on shielding efficiency of s...

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Biennial Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Conference on Electomagnetic Field Computation

作者： S. Koroglu P. Sergeant R. Sabariego Vuong Q. Dang M. De Wulf Dept. Electrical Engineering Yildiz Technical University Dept. Electrical Energy Systems and Automation Ghent University Dept. Electrical Engineering & Computer Science ACE ArcelorMittal Global R&D Gent

ISBN: (纸本)9781424470594

Shielding of buried three phase high voltage cables can be done by placing the cables in conducting ferromagnetic U-shaped gutters covered by plates. In case of a perfect electrical contact between adjacent gutters and between adjacent cover plates, the induced currents in the shield efficiently reduce the field generated in the vicinity of the cables. However, as a perfect contact cannot be guaranteed, it is useful to quantify the effect of a bad electrical contact on the shielding performance. From 2D FEM, 3D FEM and experiments, it is observed that a bad contact does not influence significantly the shielding if the axial length of the plates is relatively long compared to their other dimensions.

关键词： Shield Gutter Plates contact resistance shielding effectiveness PLATES shielding properties cable axial length Induced currents

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Assessment of NER solutions against the first and second CALBC Silver Standard Corpus

Assessment of NER solutions against the first and second CAL...

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4th International Symposium on Semantic Mining in Biomedicine, SMBM 2010

作者： Rebholz-Schuhmann, Dietrich Yepes, Antonio Jimeno Li, Chen Kafkas, Senay Lewin, Ian Kang, Ning Corbett, Peter Milward, David Buyko, Ekaterina Beisswanger, Elena Hornbostel, Kerstin Kouznetsov, Alexandre Witte, René Laurila, Jonas B. Baker, Christopher J.O. Kuo, Cheng-Ju Clematide, Simone Rinaldi, Fabio Farkas, Richárd Móra, György Hara, Kazuo Furlong, Laura Rautschka, Michael Neves, Mariana Lara Pascual-Montano, Alberto Wei, Qi Collier, Nigel Chowdhury, Md. Faisal Mahbub Lavelli, Alberto Berlanga, Rafael Morante, Roser Van Asch, Vincent Daelemans, Walter Marina, José Luís Van Mulligen, Erik Kors, Jan Hahn, Udo EMBL Outstation European Bioinformatics Institute Hinxton Cambridge CB10 1SD United Kingdom Dept. of Medical Informatics Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam NL Netherlands Linguamatics Ltd. St. John's Innovation Centre Cambridge United Kingdom Lab. Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena Germany Dept. of Computer Science and Applied Statistics University of New Brunswick Canada Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Montreal Canada Institute of Information Science Academia Sinica Taipei 115 Taiwan University of Zürich Switzerland Research Group on Artificial Intelligence Hungarian Academy of Sciences Hungary Institute of Science and Technology Nara Japan IMIM DCEX Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain Madrid Spain National Institute of Informatics Tokyo Japan Fondazione Bruno Kessler Trento Italy Universitat Jaume I Spain CLiPS University of Antwerp Belgium Complutense University of Madrid Spain

Background: Text mining challenges have been organised to measure the performance of automatic text mining solutions against a manually annotated gold standard corpus (GSC). The preparation of the GSC is timeconsuming and costly and the final corpus consists at the most of a few thousand documents annotated with a limited set of semantic groups. To overcome these shortcomings, the CALBC project partners (PPs) have produced a large-scale annotated biomedical corpus with four different semantic groups through the harmonisation of annotations from automatic text mining solutions, the first version of the Silver Standard Corpus (SSC-I). The four semantic groups were chemical entities and drugs (CHED), genes and proteins (PRGE), diseases and disorders (DISO) and species (SPE). This corpus has been used for the First CALBC Challenge asking the participants to annotate the corpus with their annotation solutions.

关键词： Semantics

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Multi-layer Prefetching for Hybrid Storage systems: Algorithms, Models, and Evaluations

Multi-layer Prefetching for Hybrid Storage Systems: Algorith...

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International Conference on Parallel Processing Workshops (ICPPW)

作者： Mais Nijim Ziliang Zong Xiao Qin Yousef Nijim Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Texas A and M University Kingsville Kingsville TX USA Dept. of Math. & Comput. Sci. South Dakota Sch. of Mines & Technol. Rapid City SD USA Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering Aubum University Auburn AL USA IEEE Senior Member Cox Commun. Atlanta GA USA

Parallel storage systems have been highly scalable and widely used in support of data-intensive applications. In future systems with the nature of massive data processing and storing, hybrid storage systems opt for a solution to fulfill a variety of demands such as large storage capacity, high I/O performance and low cost. Hybrid storage systems (HSS) contain both high-end storage components (e.g. solid-state disks and hard disk drives) to guarantee performance, and low-end storage components (e.g. tapes) to reduce cost. In HSS, transferring data back and forth among solid-state disks (SSDs), hard disk drives (HDDs), and tapes plays a critical role in achieving high I/O performance. Prefetching is a promising solution to reduce the latency of data transferring in HSS. However, prefetching in the context of HSS is technically challenging due to an interesting dilemma: aggressive prefetching is required to efficiently reduce I/O latency, whereas overaggressive prefetching may waste I/O bandwidth by transferring useless data from HDDs to SSDs or from tapes to HDDs. To address this problem, we propose a multi-layer prefetching algorithm that can judiciously prefetch data from tapes to HDDs and from HDDs to SSDs. To evaluate our algorithm, we develop an analytical model and the experimental results reveal that our prefetching algorithm improves the performance in hybrid storage systems.

关键词： Prefetching Libraries Hard disks Bandwidth Switches Storage area networks Parallel processing

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