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Journal of Solid Waste Technology and management 2024年第2期50卷 567-576页

作者： Gupta, Naveen Kumar Kumar, Nitesh Baidya, Rahul Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Brainware University Kolkata India Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Institute of Engineering & Management School of University of Engineering and Management Kolkata India

Biomass based energy is looked upon as a major component of the global renewable energy sector. Biomass not only act as a source of energy but also as a source of chemical products. Pyrolysis is considered as the most effective conversion process because of its wide array of products: biochar, pyrolytic oil and syngas. Thus, when considering biochar as the main product slow pyrolysis is the preferred option. But presence of lignin in the biomass and the working temperature effects the biochar production. Therefore, an experimental study was carried out to optimize char production from rice husk and wheat husk. Different lignin removal methods and temperature variations were studied. Slow pyrolysis was performed at temperatures of 300°C, 350°C, 400°C, 450°C, 500°C and 550°C at a constant heating rate of 4°C/min and retention time of 30 minutes. Lignin was removed from biomass using three methods: composting, acid hydrolysis and alkaline hydrolysis. It was found that at 300°C, the maximum char yield was achieved across all treatments, although the heating value of the char was lower. As temperature increased, char yield decreased while the heating value increased. Rice husk exhibited a 12.36% higher char yield than wheat husk at 300°C. Composted biomass produced more char than untreated biomass;with composted rice husk yielding 3.56% more and wheat husk showing 9.4% increase. Whereas, acid hydrolysis resulted in slight reductions in char yield, while alkaline hydrolysis caused more significant decreases. The study thus providing valuable insight in the production of biochar. © 2024 Widener University School of Civil engineering. All rights reserved.

关键词： Pyrolysis

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METHODS TO RENOVATE OLDER CONDOMINIUMS WITH SITE CONSOLIDATION: EXAMINING THE TOKYO METROPOLITAN GOVERNMENT’S CONDOMINIUM REVITALIZATION AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM

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AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 2025年第77期31卷 502-507页

作者： Gushi, Ryo Makuta, Saki Toyokawa, Saikaku Dept. of Urban Environmental Systems Graduate School of Engineering Chiba Univ. Japan Dept. of Urban Environmental Systems Faculty of Engineering Chiba Univ. Japan

This study gathers information for the reconstruction of older condominiums in three districts under the Tokyo metropolitan government’s condominium revitalization and community development system. Interviews were conducted to ascertain the project’s progress, and each district’s business viability was evaluated with reference to the rate of return. We found that, although the system is effective at increasing business viability, it is less effective at shortening the project period because of the need for consensus building with multiple landowners in conjunction with site consolidation. © 2025 Architectural Institute of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Older condominiums Rate of return The Tokyo metropolitan government’s condominium revitalization and community development system

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CHARACTERIZATION OF SPARK PLUG ELEMENTS USED IN SPARK IGNITION ENGINES

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2024年第4期86卷 257-268页

作者： Birtok Baneasa, Corneliu Sapta, Doru Socalici, Ana Dept. of Engineering and Management University POLITEHNICA Timisoara Romania

In the current global context, research conducted in recent years on internal combustion engines has focused on improving their environmental performance. In this regard, special attention is given to the ignition system and its components, particularly the materials used in the construction of the system. This paper presents the analysis and tests conducted in the laboratory concerning a batch of spark plugs with specific construction characteristics depending on the type of internal combustion engine they are used for. Topographic and morphological analyses were carried out on the samples taken from the components of the studied spark plugs. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Spark plugs

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RECOVERY OF POWDERY WASTE WITH IRON CONTENT IN THE STEEL INDUSTRY

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series B: Chemistry and Materials Science 2024年第2期86卷 237-246页

作者： Socalici, Ana Bobora, Adriana Birtok Baneasa, Corneliu Farcean, Ioana Lupu, Oana Dept. of Engineering and Management University POLITEHNICA Timisoara Romania

The steel industry implements sustainable solutions to produce high-quality steel while minimizing environmental impact. The structure of the ferrous raw material base is designed to maximise the use of waste and waste processors are working to ensure the qualities and quantities of waste required by it. The paper presents the experimental industrial research carried out and the results obtained on the use of powdered waste in the load of the arc electric furnace for the production of steel. © 2024, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： circular economy environment pulverous ferrous waste steel

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A Study on the Selection of Torque Density Based on the Motor Output of MGM With Outer Rotor Motor and the Gear Ratio of Magnetic Gear

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2025年第4期74卷 568-574页

作者： Byeon, Beom-Seok Park, Eui-Jong Kim, Yong-Jae Dept. of Electrical Engineering Chosun University Korea Republic of Dept. of Engineering for Smart Mobility Convergence Systems Chosun University Korea Republic of

In the magnetically geared machine with an inner stator(GIS) type, a magnetic geared machine, it has been observed that a significant discrepancy arises between the motor's maximum output torque and the gear's maximum input torque when the gear ratio of the magnetic gear is low. This issue persists even when the final output through the magnetic gear remains the same, due to the extensive use of permanent magnets and iron in the magnetic gear. Therefore, this paper aims to explore a method for selecting the torque density of GIS-type magnetic geared machines(MGM) by intentionally reducing the torque density of the magnetic gear. © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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A conceptual checklist of decarbonizing elements for the building sector in Egypt

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HBRC Journal 2024年第1期20卷 767-784页

作者： Mohamed, Noha A. EL-Dash, Karim M. Attia, Tarek M. Abdel-Monem, Mohamed Shawky Building and Construction Management Civil Engineering Dept. Faculty of Engineering at Shoubra Benha university Cairo Egypt Construction Engineering and Management Dept. Housing and Building National Research Center Cairo Egypt

The building sector significantly contributes to energy consumption and carbon emissions. Moving toward decarbonization practices becomes a strategic target. Although there are energy building codes and a green building rating system developed by the Egyptian government, they have not been widely implemented in the building sector due to different barriers. This paper investigates the gap between the theories of decarbonization principles and the adoption of these principles in practice in the Egyptian building sector. First, a semi-structured questionnaire was developed to identify the common barriers against successful implementation of decarbonization practices. The six identified barriers were lack of mandatory regulations, high cost of some decarbonization measures, client requirements, market awareness and knowledge, lack of resources, and complexity of some decarbonization procedures. Then, a questionnaire has been developed, including 25 decarbonization measures collected from GPRS (Green Pyramids Rating System), EDGE (Excellence Design for Greater Efficiency) and the regional roadmap for buildings and construction in Africa. The questionnaire has been distributed among experts to evaluate the availability of implementing these measures in the building sector against the identified barriers to identify a checklist for the most plausible measures applicable to the Egyptian building sector. Based on data analysis, eight decarbonization measures from the proposed measures have been proposed to be more appropriate to the Egyptian building sector. This paper will help researchers and practitioners identify the most appropriate decarbonization measures and strategies for the building sector. © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Life cycle

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WIND PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS AND SCATTERING EXPERIMENTS ON TILED ROOFS USING A FULL-SCALE SEVERE STORM GENERATOR

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AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 2025年第77期31卷 121-126页

作者： Takadate, Yuki Okuda, Yasuo Kikitsu, Hitomitsu Dept. of Structural Engineering Building Research Institute Japan Dept. of Architecture Faculty of Science and Engineering Setsunan Univ Japan Building Dept. National Institute for Land and Infrastructure Management Japan

Wind pressure measurements and scattering experiments were conducted using a full-scale severe storm generator (FSSG). First, scaled experiments were performed using a turbulent boundary layer wind tunnel to confirm the similarity of the wind pressure distributions on a full-scale model using the FSSG. Subsequently, J-shaped tiles that can measure surface wind pressures were fabricated using a 3D printer, revealing the wind pressure characteristics acting on roof tiles. Finally, scattering experiments were conducted using J-shaped and flat-shaped tiles for representative wind directions, and the results were presented. © 2025 Architectural Institute of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind tunnels

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EVALUATION OF HYDROELASTIC RESPONSE AND STRUCTURAL FAILURE OF PONTOON TYPE FLOATING OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES SUBJECTED TO WIND AND OCEAN WAVES

Journal of Structural and Construction Engineering

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Journal of Structural and Construction engineering 2024年第816期89卷 235-246页

作者： Fujita, Ken-Ichi Yashiro, Harumi Dept. of Engineering Faculty of Engineering Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science Japan School of Systems Engineering National Defense Academy of Japan Japan

An evaluation method of hydroelastic response and structural failure of pontoon type floating offshore wind turbines for wind and ocean waves is presented. The response to the mean wind speed is analyzed statically and to both variable wind speed and waves are analyzed by using a stationary random vibration theory. The failure is evaluated by using a first order reliability method. A boundary and finite element hybrid model is used to the hydroelastic analysis of the structures. Moreover, variations of the response and the failure probability of the structures for different wind speed and direction are discussed. © 2024 Architectural Institute of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind

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A Two-timescale Primal-dual Algorithm for Decentralized Optimization with Compression

A Two-timescale Primal-dual Algorithm for Decentralized Opti...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Liu, Haoming Yau, Chung-Yiu Wai, Hoi-To Dept. of Systems Engineering & Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

This paper proposes a two-timescale compressed primal-dual (TiCoPD) algorithm for decentralized optimization with improved communication efficiency over prior works on primal-dual decentralized optimization. The algorithm is built upon the primal-dual optimization framework and utilizes a majorization-minimization procedure. The latter naturally suggests the agents to share a compressed difference term during the iteration. Furthermore, the TiCoPD algorithm incorporates a fast timescale mirror sequence for agent consensus on nonlinearly compressed terms, together with a slow timescale primal-dual recursion for optimizing the objective function. We show that the TiCoPD algorithm converges with a constant step size. It also finds an O(1/T) stationary solution after T iterations. Numerical experiments on decentralized training of a neural network validate the efficacy of TiCoPD algorithm. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： decentralized optimization majorization-minimization nonlinear compression two-timescale iteration

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Network Games Induced Prior for Graph Topology Learning

Network Games Induced Prior for Graph Topology Learning

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Zhang, Chenyue Liu, Shangyuan Wai, Hoi-To So, Anthony Man-Cho Dept. of Systems Engineering & Engineering Management The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Learning the graph topology of a complex network is challenging due to limited data availability and imprecise data models. A common remedy in existing works is to incorporate priors such as sparsity or modularity which highlight on the structural property of graph topology. We depart from these approaches to develop priors that are directly inspired by complex network dynamics. Focusing on social networks with actions modeled by equilibriums of linear quadratic games, we postulate that the social network topologies are optimized with respect to a social welfare function. Utilizing this prior knowledge, we propose a network games induced regularizer to assist graph learning. We then formulate the graph topology learning problem as a bilevel program. We develop a two-timescale gradient algorithm to tackle the latter. We draw theoretical insights on the optimal graph structure of the bilevel program and show that they agree with the topology in several man-made networks. Empirically, we demonstrate the proposed formulation gives rise to reliable estimate of graph topology. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： bilevel program graph signal processing graph topology learning network games

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