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Simultaneous Fault Detection Of Heat Exchangers

IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第10期31卷 365-370页

作者： Gcibor Szederkényi Erik Weyer Katalin M. Hangos Dept. of Computer Science University of Veszprem H-8201 Veszprem Egyetem u. 3. Hungary Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3052 Australia Systems and Control Research Laboratory Computer and Automation Institute HAS H-1518 Budapest PO Box 63 Hungary

A grey box model-based method for fault diagnosis is proposed in this paper. The method is based on a first principle model of the process unit: a heat exchanger, and on a grey box model of the faults: the deterioration of the heat transfer surface by aging and the leaking of the outer container. The deterioration of the heat transfer surface is due to material settling, and in old heat exchangers pieces of this material can break off and cause damage in the equipment. A recursive least squares estimator with forgetting factor is used to track both the heat transfer coefficients and the cold side volume. The heat transfer coefficients are estimated both from the hot and cold side equations. The settled material breakage fault is detected via detection of abrupt positive jumps in the estimated heat transfer coefficients using a detector based on a cumulative sum (CUSUM) test. The proposed method enables simultaneous detection of the two fault types considered. Fault localization along the equipment length is also possible when temperature measurements are available along the length.

关键词： Fault detection Fault isolation Fault location Process model Grey box modelling Identification

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Nonlinear observer design with unknown nonlinearity via B-spline network approach

Nonlinear observer design with unknown nonlinearity via B-sp...

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American control Conference (ACC)

作者： H.Y. Zhang C.W. Chan K.C. Cheung H. Jin Dept. of Autom. Control Beijing Univ. of Aeronaut. & Astronaut. China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Automatic Control Beijing Aeronautics and Astronautics University Beijing China

A novel approach is proposed to the state estimation of a class of nonlinear systems which consist of known linear part and unknown nonlinear part. A linear observer is first designed then a nonlinear compensation term in the nonlinear observer is determined using the proposed "deconvolution method". The B-spline neural network is used to model the estimated compensation term. Three simulation examples are given to compare the effectiveness of the proposed approach and some analytical approaches.

关键词： Spline Neural networks Nonlinear systems Observers State estimation Function approximation Analytical models Mechanical engineering Roads Nonlinear control systems

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An adaptive learning rate for the training of B-spline networks

An adaptive learning rate for the training of B-spline netwo...

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UKACC International Conference on control '98 (Conf. Publ. No. 455)

作者： C.W. Chan Hong Jin K.C. Cheung H.Y. Zhang Dept. of Mech. Eng. Hong Kong Univ. Hong Kong Department of Automatic Control Beijing Aeronautics and Astronautics University Beijing China Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

In the training of B-spline networks, iterative gradient method with a constant learning rate are often used. It is well-known that the training speed depends on the choice of the learning rate, yet few guidelines in the selection of a suitable learning rate are available in the literature. In this paper, an adaptive learning rate to update the weights of a B-spline network with a scalar or multi-output is proposed. It is shown that under certain conditions, the performance index for a training algorithm using the proposed adaptive learning rate converges to a constant as the number of iterations increases. Also, a method for computing the criterion for terminating the training is presented. Simulation examples are presented, showing that training of the networks using the adaptive training is much faster than that using a constant learning rate.

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Numerical Modelling of control Time-Delay System

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第13期31卷 155-159页

作者： O.B. Kwon A.V. Kim V.G. Pimenov Kyung Sung College Computer Science Dept. Shitl Prong-Ri 131 Pochun-Gun Kyung-Kido Seoul Korea Control Information Systems Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Ural State University Turgenev Str. 4 Ekaterinburg 620083 Russia

Discrete-time control schemes are often used for realization of positional control strategies for continuous time control problems (Krasovskii and Subbotin, 1974; Osipov, 1971) . However for general systems with delays (whicb are often called functional differential equations (FDE)) exact solutions in both continuous and discrete schemes can be found in exceptional cases. So, as rule, it is necessary to solve corresponding control problems using suitable numerical algorithms . In surveys (Cryer and Tavernini, 1972; Hall and watt, 1976; Bellen, 1985) different numerical methods for FDE are discussed. In this paper positional implicit Runge-Kutta-like numerical methods of solving general FDE are presented. The elaborated methods are direct analogs of the corresponding numerical methods of ODE case. Also we present new theorem (which generalizes the results of (Kim and Pimenov, 1997; Kim and Pimenov, 1998)) on convergence order. The obtained results are based on distinguishing of finite dimensional and infinite dimensional components in the structure of FDE, on interpolation and extrapolation of the discrete prehistory of the model, on application of constructions of i- smooth analysis (Kim, 1996) . The notion of an approximation order for an optimal strategy in the discrete scheme of realization is introduced. The conditions, which guarantee required approximation order of the optimal strategy, are presented.

关键词： Delay positional control discretization Runge-Kutta metbod implicit systems accuracity

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Human-centred intelligent systems and soft computing

British Telecom technology journal

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British Telecom technology journal 1998年第3期16卷 125-133页

作者： Azvine, B. Wobcke, W. Manchester University United Kingdom Dynamics and Control Research Group Engineering Department Manchester University United Kingdom Contr. and Instrum. Research Group Staffordshire University United Kingdom Intelligent Systems Research Group BT Laboratories United Kingdom Dept. of Engineering Mathematics Bristol University United Kingdom Europ. Netwk. Excellence U. University of Queensland Australia University of Essex United Kingdom Basser Dept. of Computer Science University of Sydney Australia

This paper considers the abstract features of human/machine interaction systems that are required for the production of intelligent behaviour. A conceptual architecture is proposed for a subset of intelligent systems called human-centred intelligent systems (HCISs) and it is argued that such systems must be autonomous, robust and adaptive in order to be intelligent. Soft computing is proposed as a promising new technique that can be used to build HCISs, and examples are presented where this is already being done. Finally, flexibility is defined to be a combination of the often-conflicting requirements of robustness and adaptability, and it is argued that the right balance between these two features is necessary to achieve intelligent behaviour.

关键词： Learning systems

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On-Line Genetic Auto-Tuning of PID controllers for an Active Magnetic Bearing Application

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第4期31卷 207-209页

作者： P. Schroder B. Green N. Gnum P.J. Fleming Dept. Automatic Control and Systems Engineering The University of Sheffield Mappin Street Sheffield S1 3JD UK. Tel +44 114 222 5250 Fax +44 114 273 1729 Rolls-Royce and Associates Limited PO Box 31 Derby DE24 8BJ UK. Tel: +44 1332 661 461 x5959 Fax: +44 1332 622 948

A prototype large electrical machine running on active magnetic bearings is described. This rig is controlled by a digital signal processor connected by a custom interface to MATLAB/Simulink hosted by a PC. The on-line tuning of a PID controller is set up as an optimisation problem from MATLAB and a multiobjective genetic algorithm is used to drive the optimisation. The results of an optimisation are presented and analysed.

关键词： magnetic bearings hardware-in-the-loop design on-line controller tuning genetic algorithms

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Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland - Section of Bioengineering - Proceedings of meeting held in Dundalk, Co. Louth, in February 1998.

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IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 1998年第4期167卷 256-276页

作者： [Anonymous] Orthopaedic Research Unit The Queen’s University of Belfast School of Biomedical Sciences The Queen’s University of Belfast Howmedica International Ltd. Raheen Industrial Estate Limerick Department of Mechanical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Mater Hospital Dublin 7 Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Århus University Hospital Denmark University of Limerick Limerick Limerick Regional Hospital Raheen Limerick Boston Scientific Ireland Ltd. Galway Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Bioengineering Research Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Northern Ireland Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of Ulster Newtownabbey Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering The Ashby Building The Queen’s University of Belfast Johnson and Johnson Professional Orthopaedic Division Queensway England Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Burke House Ellison Street Castlebar Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Department of Surgery Beaumont Hospital Dublin Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Department of Aeronautical Engineering The Queen’s University of Belfast Vascular Unit Belfast City Hospital Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Centre for Biomedical Electronics Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of Limerick Limerick School of Health Sciences University of Ulster Ireland School of Physiotherapy University of Ulster Newtownabbey Clinical Engineering NI Medical Physics Agency Belfast and Radiology Royal Victoria Hospital Musgrave Park Hospital University of Limerick Biomedical Institute (ULBMI) Uni

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Intelligent multi-modal systems

British Telecom technology journal

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British Telecom technology journal 1998年第3期16卷 134-144页

作者： Tsui, K.C. Azvine, B. Djian, D. Voudouris, C. Xu, L.Q. Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong University of Essex King's College London United Kingdom BT Laboratories United Kingdom ATM Traffic Management United Kingdom Manchester University United Kingdom Dynamics and Control Research Group Engineering Department Manchester University United Kingdom Contr. and Instrum. Research Group Staffordshire University United Kingdom Intelligent Systems Research Unit BT Laboratories United Kingdom Dept. of Engineering Mathematics Bristol University United Kingdom Europ. Netwk. Excellence U. Institut d'Informatique d'Entreprise France Oxford University Robotics Research Group United Kingdom University of Nice France Ecole des Mines de Paris France Natl. Technical University of Athens Greece University of Essex United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Essex United Kingdom Intelligent Systems Research Group BT Laboratories United Kingdom Southeast University Nanjing China Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of East Anglia United Kingdom University of Sussex King's College London United Kingdom University of Abertay Dundee United Kingdom

Research in human/computer interaction has mainly focused on natural language, text, speech and vision primarily in isolation. Recently there have been a number of research projects that have concentrated on the integration of such modalities using intelligent reasoners. The rationale is that many inherent ambiguities in single modes of communication can be resolved if extra information is available. This paper describes an intelligent multi-modal system called the Smart Work Manager. The main characteristics of the Smart Work Manager are that it can process speech, text, face images, gaze information and simulated gestures rising the mouse as input modalities, and its output is in the form of speech, text or graphics. The main components of the system are the reasoner, a speech system, a vision system, an integration platform and the application interface. The overall architecture of the system will be described together with the integration platform and the components of the system which include a non-intrusive neural network based gaze-tracking system. The paper concludes with a discussion on the applicability of such systems to intelligent human/computer interaction and lessons learnt in terms of reliability and efficiency.

关键词： Learning systems

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Improved textured images segmentation using an energy functional 9th

Improved textured images segmentation using an energy functi...

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9th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing, ICIAP 1997

作者： Grau, Antoni Saludes, Jordi Dept. of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering Polytechnic University of Catalonia UPC Barcelona Catalonia Spain Dept. of Applied Mathematics II Polytechnic University of Catalonia UPC Barcelona Catalonia Spain

ISBN: (纸本)3540635076

In this paper we present a new classification and image segmentation system based on the addition of a variational method to a classic clustering algorithm. This system constitutes an improvement respect traditional segmentation methods. Often due to the nature of the texture features obtained from an image, the segmentation results are not quite precise. If this happens, using the energy functional and its minimization can improve the segmentation. This functional takes into account the information in the feature space and the information in the 2D image domain. The extracted characteristics from the image are texture features that have been defined in order to obtain an admissible trade-off between their discriminant capacity and their effectiveness to be implemented in a vision board to operate at real time. We show some results to appreciate this improvement in the segmentation using the energy functional. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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BLOCK DIAGONAL FORM AND BLOCK DIAGONAL controlLER OF NONLINEAR SYSTEMS

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 1997年第1期10卷 51-57页

作者： Zhao Guorong Zhang Fuen(dept. of automatic control, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China, 150001)Gu Wenjing(Naval Aeronautical engineering Academy, Yantai, Shantong, China, 264001) Dept. of Automatic Control Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001 China Nav. Aero. Engineering Academy Yantai Shantong 264001 China

A block diagonal form about a nonlinear system is defined. Based on the de finition, a design method ca1led block diagonal controller (BDC) is proPOsed bo feedbacklinearization. Thus, a linearization design of a class of nonlinear system can be simply re-alized. The result of design has been proved by mathematical simulation of a certain anti-ship missile.

关键词： feedback linearization nonlinear systems flight control controllers

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