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International Conference on Vacuum Nanoelectronics (IVNC)

作者： Y.M. Wong W.P. Kang J.L. Davidson W. Hofmeister S. Wei J.H. Huang Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN USA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN USA Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua Univ. Hsinchu Taiwan ROC

In this paper, the study of thermal CVD grown CNT field emitters in a triode amplifier configuration is reported. The DC characteristics of the CNT triode are investigated, including I/sub a/ vs. V/sub a/ for different V/sub g/. Moreover, DC parameters such as transconductance, amplification factor and anode resistance of the triode amplifier are determined. It was shown that a higher amplification factor can be achieved with optimum gate-anode-cathode spacing such that the cathode is effectively shielded from the anode by the gate but the anode still collects all electrons emitted from the cathode. High emission current at low gate voltage is key to achieving high transconductance. This can be obtained by optimum configuration of high-density CNTs array in a triode structure with a common gate.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Voltage Anodes materials science and technology Current measurement Palladium Silicon Furnaces Temperature Cathodes

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Magnetic gold composite nanoshells for nanomedicine devices

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Funtai Oyobi Fummatsu Yakin/Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 2018年第9期65卷 595-600页

作者： Kitamoto, Yoshitaka Zhang, Ruzhi Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Materials and Chemical Technology Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama226-8502 Japan Dept. Innovative and Engineered Materials Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama226-8502 Japan

Synthesis and characteristics of magnetic gold nanoshells are investigated and discussed from the viewpoint of photothermal therapy (PTT). Morphological properties of thickness, roughness, surface coverage of the shell, the pore size and so on influence their optical properties and the magnetic properties controlling the conditions of synthesis and thermal treatment. NIR light-absorbing gold nanoshells are successfully fabricated on silica/Fe-Pt core-shell nanoparticles via the two-step seed-mediated growth method using a polymer layer of polyethylenimine (PEI) as an interlayer. The cationic polyelectrolyte PEI with high amine content binds to the negatively charged Fe-Pt nanoshell through electrostatic self-assembly to form a stabilizing polyelectrolyte layer, which is necessary to not only the deposition of Au nanoparticles but also the growth of the uniform gold shell. The surface modification using PEI polymers with lower molecular weight of the Fe-Pt nanoshell leads to the formation of a high-quality gold shell with a smooth and thin morphology being responsible to the appearance of a strong NIR absorption. The photothermal properties are obtained by NIR laser irradiation without any deformation of the nanoshells. © 2018 Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy.

关键词： Nanoshells

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Synthesis of magnetic thermo-responsive carriers consisting of Fe-Pt nanoparticles and hydroxypropyl cellulose

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Funtai Oyobi Fummatsu Yakin/Journal of the Japan Society of Powder and Powder Metallurgy 2017年第7期64卷 359-363页

作者： Kitamoto, Yoshitaka Murata, Wakako Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology School of Materials and Chemical Technology 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama226-8502 Japan Dept. Innovative and Engineered Materials Tokyo Institute of Technology Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering 4259 Nagatsuta-cho Midori-ku Yokohama226-8502 Japan

The present paper describes a fabrication of magnetic composite of Fe-Pt nanoparticles and hydroxylpropyl cellulose (HPC) for magnetically guided drug delivery system with a capability of thermo-responsive controlled release. The composites are fabricated by a synthesis of Fe-Pt nanoparticles in a reaction solution containing HPC coated silica particles;Fe-Pt nanoparticles are grown on HPC deposited on the silica particles. The island-like composites of HPC and Fe-Pt NPs are observed to be densely deposited on the silica particles by transmission electron microscopy. Thermal responsiveness is evaluated by temperature-dependence of particle size distribution using dynamic light scattering;the thermal responsiveness is successfully confirmed even after the thermal history up to 533 K during synthesis.

关键词： Cellulose

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Enhancement of effluent degradation by zinc oxide, carbon nitride, and carbon xerogel trifecta on brass monoliths

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Environmental science and Pollution Research 2024年第40期31卷 53472-53496页

作者： da Silva, Émerson Felipe Mendonça Garcia, Ramón Raudel Peña Rodrigues, Liana Alvares Napoleão, Daniella Carla Sanz, Oihane Almeida, Luciano Costa Department of Chemical Engineering Technology and Geoscience Center Federal University of Pernambuco PE Recife50740-521 Brazil Pós Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Piauí PI Teresina64049-550 Brazil Academic Unit of Cabo de Santo Agostinho Federal Rural University of Pernambuco PE Cabo de Santo Agostinho54518-430 Brazil Dept. of Applied Chemistry Chemistry Faculty University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU P. Lardizabala 3 San Sebastian20018 Spain Escola de Engenharia de Lorena EEL/USP Estrada Municipal Do Campinho S/N São Paulo LorenaCEP 12602-810 Brazil

In recent years, heterogeneous photocatalysis has emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of organic pollutants. This technique offers several advantages, such as low cost and ease of operation. However, finding a semiconductor material that is both operationally viable and highly active under solar irradiation remains a challenge, often requiring materials of nanometric size. Furthermore, in many processes, photocatalysts are suspended in the solution, requiring additional steps to remove them. This can render the technique economically unviable, especially for nanosized catalysts. This work demonstrated the feasibility of using a structured photocatalyst (ZnO, g-C3N4, and carbon xerogel) optimized for this photodegradation process. The synthesized materials were characterized by nitrogen adsorption and desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). Adhesion testing demonstrated the efficiency of the deposition technique, with film adhesion exceeding 90%. The photocatalytic evaluation was performed using a mixture of three textile dyes in a recycle photoreactor, varying pH (4.7 and 10), recycle flow rate (2, 4, and 6 L h−1), immobilized mass (1, 2, and 3 mg cm−2), monolith height (1.5, 3.0, and 4.5 cm), and type of radiation (solar and visible artificials;and natural solar). The structured photocatalyst degraded over 99% of the dye mixture under artificial radiation. The solar energy results are highly promising, achieving a degradation efficiency of approximately 74%. Furthermore, it was possible to regenerate the structured photocatalyst up to seven consecutive times using exclusively natural solar light and maintain a degradation rate of around 70%. These results reinforce the feasibility and potential application of this system in photocatalytic reactions, highlighting its effectiveness and sustainability. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Heterojunctions

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Nanothick Layer Transfer of Hydrogen-Implanted Wafer Using Polysilicon Sacrificial Layer

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2011年第1期921卷 1-6页

作者： C. H. Huang C. L. Chang Y. Y. Yang T. Suryasindhu W. C. Liao Y. H. Su P. W. Li C. Y. Liu C. S. Lai J. H. Ting C. S. Chu C. S Lee T. H. Lee Dept. of Mechanical Engineering National Central University Chung-Li Taiwan Dept. of Electrical Engineering National Central University Chung-Li Taiwan Dept. of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Central University Chung-Li Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Electrical Engineering Chang Gung University Kwei-Shan Taiwan National Nano Device Laboratories Hsinchu Taiwan United SOI Corporation Berkeley USA Dept. of Physics National Central University Chungli Taiwan Inst. of Materials Science and Engineering National Central University Chung-Li Taiwan

A fabrication method of 2-D nanostructure materials applied for forming nanothick SOI materials without using post-thinning processes is presented in this paper. The thickness of SOI layer is precisely controlled by a polysilicon layer as a sacrificial layer in the implantation step to acquire a desirable implant dept.. Polysilicon layer was initially deposited on the thermal oxidized surface of silicon wafer prior to the ion implantation step with 4×1016 /cm−2, 160KeV, H2+ ions. The as-implanted wafer was contained a hydrogen-rich buried layer which dept. from the top surface is less than 100 nm. Before this as-implanted wafer being bonded with a handle wafer, the polysilicon layer was removed by a wet etching method. A nanothick silicon layer was then successfully transferred onto a handle wafer under 10-minute microwave irradiation after the bonding step. The thickness of the final transferred silicon layer was 100 nm measured by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

关键词： nanostructure nanoscale ion-implantation

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Preparation of epitaxial LiNbO3 thin film by MOCVD and its properties

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Key engineering materials 2009年 388卷 179-182页

作者： Morohashi, R. Wakiya, N. Kiguchi, T. Yoshioka, T. Tanaka, J. Shinozaki, K. Dept. of Metallurgy and Ceramics Science Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-2 O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Shizuoka University 3-5-1 Johoku Naka-ku Hamamatsu Shizuoka 432-8561 Japan

Lithium niobate (LiNbO3) thin films were deposited on Al 2O3(001) substrates using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), with Li(dpm) and Nb(C2H5)5 as precursors. By optimizing the conditions of thin film deposition, the c-axis oriented and epitaxially grown LiNbO3 thin films with stoichiometric composition were deposited on an Al2O3(001) substrate. The refractive index of the stoichiometric LiNbO3 thin film was 2.24 at λ = 632.8 nm, which is close to that of bulk crystal.

关键词： Niobium compounds

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Determination of developing trend for a novelty microbial electrolysis cell by a modified inventive problem solving approach

Determination of developing trend for a novelty microbial el...

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作者： Li, Ya-Chieh Chu, Chen-Yeon Chien, Wei-Che Chang, Pao-Long Hsu, Chiung-Wen Wu, Shu-Yii Dept. of Chemical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan Green Energy Development Center Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan Master Program of Green Energy Science and Technology Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan Department of Business Administration Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Management of Technology Feng Chia University Taichung 40724 Taiwan

Nowadays, the design of waste treatment needs to be environmentally- friendly. Due to the fact that the concern of global warming is getting critical, the reuse of waste treatment can be beneficial in reducing carbon dioxide emission. Microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) is a device that can reduce the organic materials and produce the green energy, biohydrogen. Therefore, MEC provides an alternative path for waste degradation. In this study, MEC was analyzed with TRIZ that aims to eliminate contradiction matrix from the analysis in order to improve the MEC efficiency. The study approach is based on the following steps: classifying patents and paper, determining engineering parameters;solving the contradictory problems with 40 innovative principles, and finding the solutions. The results were verified by the currently researches. © 2013, Hydrogen Energy Publications, LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Global warming

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Shark Skin Denticles: From Morphological Diversity to Multi-functional Adaptations and Applications

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Advanced Functional materials 2024年第35期34卷

作者： Ghimire, Ashish Dahl, Rikke Beckmann Shen, Sheng-Feng Chen, Po-Yu Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Biodiversity Research Center Academia Sinica Taipei115201 Taiwan Dept. of Life Science National Taiwan Normal University Taipei116059 Taiwan Biodiversity Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica and National Taiwan Normal University Taiwan

The energy crisis of the 1970s sparked growing concern over minimizing fuel consumption in water, land, and air transportation. Researchers fascinated by sharks' effortless swimming abilities investigated shark skin denticles and uncovered functions beyond drag reduction, such as antifouling, protection, and bioluminescence. Over the past five decades, significant progress has been made in comprehending drag reduction and antifouling functions of denticle structures;however, the investigation of other functions remains limited. Recent discoveries of diverse denticle morphologies have ignited a keen interest in obtaining morphogroups that can aid other functional studies. This work integrates advances in antifouling, hydrodynamics, aerodynamics, bioluminescence, and protective functions to provide a holistic understanding of their diverse roles. Additionally, this work also dictates multi-functional adaptations of denticles and contributes to the relatively less-explored but essential aspects, such as protective functions and denticle morphogroups. By examining these functions together, this work aims to uncover potential synergies and interactions, facilitating the development of multifunctional materials inspired by shark skin denticles. © 2024 Wiley-VCH GmbH.

关键词： Hydrodynamics

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Bonding of soft tissues using a novel tissue adhesive consisting of a citric acid derivative and collagen

Bonding of soft tissues using a novel tissue adhesive consis...

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作者： Taguchi, Tetsushi Saito, Hirofumi Uchida, Yoshiyuki Sakane, Masataka Kobayashi, Hisatoshi Kataoka, Kazunori Tanaka, Junzo Biomaterials Center Natl. Inst. for Materials Science 1-1 Namiki Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Furuuchi Chemical Corporation 6-17-17 Minami-Oi Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 140-0013 Japan Institute of Clinical Medicine Tsukuba University 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Japan Dept. of Mat. Sci. and Engineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan

A novel tissue adhesive consisting of collagen and citric acid derivative (CAD) was developed. In this adhesive, CAD works as a cross-linking reagent of collagen. CAD was prepared by modifying three carboxyl groups of citric acid with N-hydroxysuccinimide in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride. From 1H-NMR spectrum, three active ester groups were introduced into one citric acid molecule with a high yield, exceeding 80%. The bonding strength of this tissue adhesive to porcine soft tissue increased with increasing CAD and collagen concentration. The maximum bonding strength of this adhesive was similar to the roughly 80% tear strength of the original soft tissue. The IC50 of CAD for the L929 fibroblast was 10 times less cytotoxic than was that of the glutaraldehyde and formaldehyde used in aldehyde-based adhesive. This adhesive had biodegraded under the skin of mice within 7 days after subcutaneous injection. These results suggest that this newly developed adhesive is applicable as a bonding reagent for soft tissue. © 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Tissue

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Review: Topology of solitons and singular defects in chiral liquid crystals

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wu, Jin-Sheng Smalyukh, Ivan I. Department of Physics and Chemical Physics Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Dept. of Electrical Computer and Energy Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering Program University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Renewable and Sustainable Energy Institute National Renewable Energy Laboratory University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States

Widely known for their uses in displays and electro-optics, liquid crystals are more than just technological marvels. They vividly reveal the topology and structure of various solitonic and singular field configurations, often markedly resembling the ones arising in many field theories and in the areas ranging from particle physics to optics, hard condensed matter and cosmology. In this review, we focus on chiral nematic liquid crystals to show how these experimentally highly accessible systems provide valuable insights into the structure and behavior of fractional, full, and multi-integer two-dimensional skyrmions, dislocations and both abelian and non-abelian defect lines, as well as various three-dimensionally localized, often knotted structures that include hopfions, heliknotons, torons and twistions. We provide comparisons of some of these field configurations with their topological counterparts in chiral magnets, discussing close analogies between these two condensed matter systems. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Topology

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