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Hybrid CNN-ViT architecture to exploit spatio-temporal feature for fire recognition trained through transfer learning

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4703-4732页

作者： Shahid, Mohammad Wang, Hong-Cyuan Chen, Yung-Yao Hua, Kai-Lung Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Dept. of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

Fires are becoming one of the major natural hazards that threaten the ecology, economy, human life and even more worldwide. Therefore, early fire detection systems are crucial to prevent fires from spreading out of control and causing destruction. Based on vision sensors, many fire detection techniques have evolved with the recent surge of curiosity in deep learning, which exploits the spatial features of individual images. However, fire can take different forms, scales, and combustion materials can produce different colors, making accurate fire detection from an image challenging. Small fires captured from long-distance cameras lack salient features, further complicating detection. This paper proposes a hybrid structure that uses attention-enhanced convolutional neural networks and vision transformers (CNN-ViT) to detect fire. The proposed CNN-ViT first pays spatial attention to every frame and then aggregates temporal contextual information from neighboring frames to improve detection performance. Due to the limited availability of training fire datasets, the study employs deep transfer learning for feature extraction using pre-trained CNN. We used various metrics to examine the efficacy of the proposed approach. The results showed that the CNN-ViT method outperformed previous models based on spatial-temporal characteristics by achieving a relative improvement in accuracy and F1 score. The satisfactory results on images contaminated with different intensities of noise confirm the robustness of the approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fires

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Moth flame optimization algorithm for efficient feature selection and hybrid classification technique for intrusion detection system

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-21页

作者： Keerthanarani, U. Selvakumar, V. Singaravelan, S. Raja, S. Edwin Thenmozhi, K. Shunmugam, D. Arun Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering P.S.R Engineering College Sivakasi India Dept.Of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R & d Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Avadi India Dept. Of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Dept. Of Electronics and Communication Engineering P.S.R Engineering College Sivakasi India

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) brings numerous benefits but further presents fresh difficulties, especially in terms of security. The distributed and interconnected nature of IoT devices makes them susceptible to various security threats. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) plays a crucial role in safeguarding IoT networks by monitoring, detecting, and responding to potential security incidents. The Internet of Things (IoT) connects billions of devices, sensors, and systems, transforming industries and everyday life. However, this extensive interconnectivity also introduces significant security risks, making Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) a critical component for safeguarding IoT environments. Feature selection is a crucial aspect of building effective Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Selecting relevant features not only helps in achieving better classification accuracy but also contributes to reducing false alarm rates. In the proposed system a moth flame optimizer is utilized to select the efficient features from the dataset, overall accuracy of over 97%. Further it is classified employing Random Forest and J48 classifier which attains high classification accuracy and low false alarm rate. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Feature Selection

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AI in CS Education: Opportunities, Challenges, and Pitfalls to Avoid

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ACM Inroads 2024年第3期15卷 52-57页

作者： Vahid, Frank Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering University of California Riverside United States

Csinstructors realize education may be impacted by generative AI (artificial intelligence). This article describes (1) opportunities, like 24/7 help or auto-grading, (2) challenges, like increased cheating or student isolation, and (3) pitfalls to avoid, like inequitable access or false cheating accusations. The descriptions come from 15 CS educators and practitioners, from diverse institutions, who met at a 2023 NSF workshop on AI in CS education. The article aims to assist the CS community to take advantage of generative AI to improve courses, embark on new research, treat students equitably, and ultimately improve CS education for instructors and students. © 2024 Association for Computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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MOPO-HBT: A movie poster dataset for title extraction and recognition

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第18期83卷 54545-54568页

作者： Ghosh, Mridul Roy, Sayan Saha Banik, Bivan Mukherjee, Himadri Obaidullah, Sk Md Roy, Kaushik Dept. of Computer Science Shyampur Siddheswari Mahavidyalaya Howrah India Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Aliah University Kolkata India Dept. of Electronics & Electrical Communication Engineering IIT Kharagpur Kharagpur India TISA Lab Dept. of Computer Science West Bengal State University Barasat India

Real-world images often encompass embedded texts that adhere to disparate disciplines like business, education, and amusement, to name a few. Such images are graphically rich in terms of font attributes, color distribution, foreground-background similarity, and component organization. This aggravates the difficulty of recognizing texts from these images. Such characteristics are very prominent in the case of movie posters. One of the first pieces of information on movie posters is the title. Automatic recognition of movie titles from images can aid in efficient indexing as well as information conveyance. However, it is accompanied by other texts like the names of actors, producers, taglines, dates, etc. Though the organization of components is somewhat similar across different film industries like Tollywood (West Bengal), Bollywood (Mumbai), and Hollywood (Los Angeles), the graffiti patterns differ in multifarious instances. To address the problem of movie title understanding, we propose a dataset named MOvie POsters-Hollywood Bollywood Tollywood (MOPO-HBT) that encompasses movie posters from the aforementioned industries. The entire dataset is publicly available (http://***/11564) for research purposes. The baseline results of title identification and recognition were obtained with a CNN-based (Convolutional Neural Network) approach, wherein the titles were extracted using the M-EAST (Modified-Efficient and Accurate Scene Text) detector model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： Character recognition

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Re-examining the Influence of End Restraint on Mechanical Behaviors of Dense Quartz Sands

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KSCE Journal of civil engineering 2024年第6期28卷 2201-2209页

作者： Yeh, Fu-Hsuan Ge, Louis Jhuo, Yu-Syuan Chen, Lv-Cun Dept. of Civil and Construction Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei City10607 Taiwan Dept. of Civil Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei City10617 Taiwan

Mechanical behaviors of soils may be effectively observed, relying on precise and accurate experimental techniques adopted. The critical state of soils, therefore, can be determined through a series of conventional triaxial compression tests. However, some studies claim that the critical state may not uniquely exist under some conditions, such as end restraint, specimen size, confining pressure, initial relative densities, etc. The objective of this study is to revisit the end restraint condition where it could be negligible for specimens with a height-to-diameter ratio between 2.0 and 2.5, where the ratio is recommended by ASTM D7181-20. A ratio of 2.46 was adopted in this study to ensure proper comparisons under element testing, minimizing end-platen effects, and meeting the ASTM standards. The other aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the mechanical behaviors of the quartz sand with lubricated or nonlubricated end platens, including stress-strain-volume change and critical states. A series of consolidated-drained triaxial compression tests on quartz sand with an initial relative density of 75% and 85% were conducted. The results indicate that the end effect can be minimized when a height-to-diameter ratio is 2.46. Under the circumstances, the lubricated and nonlubricated end platens have few impacts on peak shear strength of the sands tested but they may affect the volume change behavior and the determination of critical state conditions. © Korean Society of civil Engineers 2024.

关键词： ASTM standards

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Effective Machine Learning Model for Disease Recognition and Categorization of Mango Leaves

Effective Machine Learning Model for Disease Recognition and...

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2024 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Computing Applications, ICCICA 2024

作者： Kumar, Sandeep Gupta, Bhupesh Grover, Richa Chhabra, Mohit Computer Science & Engineering Dept. Ambala Mullana India Panipat Institute Of Engineering & Technology Computer Science & Engineering Dept. India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350306446

Maintaining the health and production of mango farms depends on the early detection of illnesses in mango trees. Despite the vital role agriculture plays, it remains an industry receiving limited attention from the machine-learning community. A noteworthy challenge is the lack of standardized and openly accessible agricultural datasets, impeding researchers from fully leveraging the potential of advanced computational prediction tools. The study focuses on employing deep learning and image processing techniques for diagnosing prevalent mango leaf diseases in India. The goal is to enhance both the quality and quantity of agricultural production by implementing effective disease control measures upon identifying plant diseases. The automation of plant disease detection proves particularly beneficial, reducing the monitoring efforts required by large farms. Rapid identification of leaf diseases is crucial, given that leaves serve as a plant's primary source of nutrition. Notably, none of the seven different mango leaf illnesses that have been observed in India have ever been the subject of earlier research. In this study, we provide a lightweight Resnet50 model that can reliably classify healthy mango leaves and the seven discovered illnesses on mango leaves. The performance of our proposed lightweight Resnet-50 model is evaluated against many pre-trained models, such as Exception, Resnet101, and VGG16. The findings reveal that the lightweight Resnet-50 model achieves the highest testing accuracy, reaching an impressive 95%. This underscores the model's effectiveness in automating the identification of mango leaf diseases, offering a promising solution for improving agricultural practices in India. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Diseases

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Privacy-Preserving Speech Analysis- A Review 6

Privacy-Preserving Speech Analysis- A Review

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6th International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Communication Technologies, CCICT 2024

作者： Kumar, Pankaj Shukla, Mayank Malik, Medha Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering ABES Engineering College Ghaziabad India Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering ABES Engineering College Ghaziabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374629

Speech-recognition technology is an essential component of many smart IoT devices. To make these systems secure and privacy-preserving, it is important to consider outsourcing speech-recognition functionality to a third-party storage provider. By removing the speech-recognition process from the device itself, the amount of personal data stored on the device is minimized. Additionally, the provider can ensure the strictest security standards are met when the audio data is stored, including the use of encryption and access control mechanisms. Furthermore, the provider can also ensure that the speech-recognition process is done using the latest technologies to ensure accurate recognition of the audio data. To ensure the end-user's privacy is kept intact, the provider should allow only authorized users to access the audio data. Additionally, the provider should also enable data access logging and audit trails allowing for the tracking of any access to the data. By outsourcing speech-recognition services to a third-party, smart IoT devices can ensure the highest levels of privacy and security while still enabling users to get the most out of their device. The server processes the encrypted data to generate recognition results, such as user commands and voice printing, without compromising the privacy of the user's voice data. To enhance voice data privacy, federated learning can be employed in the design of these models. This approach enables distributed training of the model without the need to transmit the user's voice data to a central server. The adoption of this approach in the IoT industry is gaining momentum as it offers the potential to create smarter and more secure IoT devices that inspire customer trust. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Speech recognition

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Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Algorithms to Analyse Integrated Nutrient Management Strategies for Optimal Yield and Quality of Oilseeds Crops for Sustainable Development 4

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Algorithms to A...

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4th International Conference on Soft Computing for Security Applications, ICSCSA 2024

作者： Mithra, C. Dar, Showkat A. Preethi, A. Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Githam University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineeing India Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chidambaram India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515720

The main objective of this research is to deduce the efficacy of integrated nutrient management (INM) technologies in production of oilseed crops for sustainable development. A great amount of experience is needed in selecting the most effective INM strategy. A new recommendation system to circumnavigate this issue is proposed. It lets farmers decide on the best INM strategy to maximize oilseed crop yield and quality. This system is built on the techniques of advanced machine Learning (ML) and aritifical Intelligence (AI). Oilseed crop date in Tamil Nadu from 1961 to 2019 was used to develop the proposed algorithm. The proposed algorithm for crop yield prediction (CYP) which includes a Soft Voting Ensemble Classifier with weights (SVECWW), a Soft Voting Ensemble Classifier without weights (SVECWOW) along with the SVM technique are compared and contrasted with existing algorithms and also proves that SVECWW outperforms other ML algorithms with an accuracy rate of 97.2%. Furthermore, the Stacked Generalization Ensemble model is employed and compared with another Deep Neural Network (DNN) for the INM crop recommendation system which offers a simple graphical user interface (GUI) for farmers to use and received an accuracy of 97.5%. This GUI enables farmers to access valuable information such as the optimal timing for cultivating oilseed crops, the appropriate types and quantities of organic manures, inorganic fertilizers, and bio-fertilizers required for successful oilseed crop production. The study shows, on its whole, how to create tailored recommendation systems for farmers using GUI models with artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms. Implementing these systems is expected to significantly improve oilseed crop production and quality significantly, benefiting the whole agricultural sector for sustainable development. Artificial intelligence (AI) makes a recommendation system more accurate and adaptable by looking through complex datasets and patterns

关键词： Adversarial machine learning

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An Overview on IoT in Electric Vehicles: Efficiency and Sustainability 2

An Overview on IoT in Electric Vehicles: Efficiency and Sust...

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2nd IEEE International Conference on IoT, Communication and Automation Technology, ICICAT 2024

作者： Gupta, Shashank Sounkhla, Indu Dubey, Ranjeet Kumar Yadav, Mithilesh Kumar Singh Yadav, Sandeep NIT Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Jalandhar India KIPM Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Gorakhpur India Buddha Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Gorakhpur India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368109

Internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles are very polluting and release high nitrogen oxides, carcinogens, and soot into the environment. ICE vehicles are the best choice in this era, but replacing ICE vehicles with electric vehicles (EVs) and automated vehicle control is a potential transition process. The most important turning point in the history of the automobile occurred with the entry of EVs into the vehicle market. The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm in electric vehicles (EVs) has changed the way we look at large-scale transportation by making it intelligent and more sustainable. Recently, with the advent of connectivity through IoT platforms, IoT in EVs has improved performance and reduced environmental impact: from any on-off switch and adoption of IoT through our smartphones placed on the charging base. We can implement smart charging solutions for better energy consumption management, reduction of grid load, and battery life enhancement. IoT allows electric vehicles to communicate directly with charging stations and even the power grid, providing a better way to create balanced transportation networks. But implementing IoT in electric vehicles also raises some issues, including data security and user privacy. With all of these issues, there is huge potential in IoT usage with electric vehicles to help produce cleaner transportation and create a more sustainable future. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electric Vehicles Internal Combustion engine Internet of Things

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Secured Entry Control: An IoT and Deep Learning based Mask Detection System for COVID-19 Suspected Patient Screening and Access Regulation 3

Secured Entry Control: An IoT and Deep Learning based Mask D...

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3rd International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic engineering, ICAEEE 2024

作者： Sultana, Abida Peyal, Hasibul Islam Islam, Md. Injamul Abdal, Md. Nazmul Miraz, Shafiun Kontho, Md. Mahin Rahaman Leion, Zannatul Mawa Mamun, Abdul Al Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rajshahi Bangladesh Uttara University Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh University of Liberal Arts Bangladesh Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Rajshahi Bangladesh Tejgaon College Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388282

The new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which triggered the COVID-19 pandemic, has had an unparalleled effect on economies, cultures, and world health. In response to the critical need for strict COVID-19 screening systems in public areas, this study presents a creative Secured Entry Control system. Detecting and controlling possible COVID-19 carriers attempting to enter the country is made possible by this system, which makes use of deep learning algorithms and IoT technology. The mask detection algorithm, MobileNetV2 model, has an exceptional validation accuracy of 98.96\%. The model's reliability is supported by performance evaluations using ROC curves, confusion matrix analysis, and an AUC value of 98.96\%, which is close to the optimal AUC score of 100\%. Because MobileNetV2 is well-suited for low-processing devices, it is easy to deploy it on Raspberry Pi, which helps to create an affordable system. Furthermore, by spotting increased body temperatures, a contactless temperature sensor improves the system's ability to identify possible COVID-19 carriers. The functioning of the system is confirmed by the working prototype that is presented in the Experimental Results section. The main goal of this research is to create an autonomous system that is affordable and selectively allows access to people who are less likely to transmit COVID-19 in public areas. To achieve the overall objective of reducing the spread of COVID-19 in public spaces, this research highlights the successful integration of mask identification algorithms and IoT. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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