The popularity of Web Service-based systems is due to the advantage of flexibility, reusability and support for rapid system development. Web Service selection is a very important step for these web service-based syst...
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Quantum networks (QNs) gradually gain significant attention due to their higher security compared with classical networks. Conventional approaches in QN routing often aggregate multiple requests into a batch before de...
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This paper investigates the impact of early reviews on product sales by analyzing the traits of initial reviewers on major e-commerce platforms. It segments product life-cycles into three phases: early, majority, and ...
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The purpose of this research is to predict the required ICT sector for the time period leading up to . The ICT sector was predicted based on Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Artificial Neural Netwo...
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Freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs) pose significant ecological and public health risks worldwide. Detecting HABs soon after they form is critical to managing the damage they cause. While in-situ measurements are m...
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Capturing market sentiments and supporting well-informed financial decision-making depend on the developing field of Financial Sentiment Analysis (FSA). Natural language processing (NLP) has made significant strides i...
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Radar-based methods for contactless pulse monitoring typically use heart rate estimation accuracy as the primary performance evaluation metric. Recently, more in-dept. metrics such as heart rate variability (HRV) have...
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The generalized index modulation (G-IM) technique provides an improvement in bit error rate (BER), spectral efficiency (SE), and/or energy efficiency (EE) over traditional digital modulation schemes. However, G-IM tec...
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ISBN:
(纸本)9798350378511
The generalized index modulation (G-IM) technique provides an improvement in bit error rate (BER), spectral efficiency (SE), and/or energy efficiency (EE) over traditional digital modulation schemes. However, G-IM techniques suffer from the propagation of errors due to the incorrect detection of indices for higher modulation order (M > 4). To alleviate the risk of error propagation, the enhancement of the correct indices detection probability is a crucial requirement for G-IM systems. This paper presents an error propagation-free generalized index modulation (G-IM) system with adaptive coding modulation in which the indices bits are coded independently on the information bits. The main focus of this study is to derive a quantitative relation between the target system BER and the required indices error rate and, hence, to derive the overall system error probability. In particular, an analytical total BER formula for the error propagation-free G-IM system is provided and compared to the total BER of the classical counterpart modulation techniques. Hence, a direct relationship between the BER of index bits and the ordinary modulation BER is represented, providing an approximate threshold after which the target BER of the G-IM system outperforms the traditional modulation techniques. To validate our established results, the G-IM system with low density parity check code with binary phase shift keying modulation technique (LDPC-BPSK), as a simple satellite coding-modulation scheme which is used in satellite digital video broadcasting TV (DVB-T2) and deep-space communications, is described as a possible direct application for the G-IM system. once the index BER exceeds the threshold, the LDPC-BPSK modulated G-IM system significantly outperforms the classical BPSK modulation while keeping the same EE or SE yet on the expense of added encoder complexity. Moreover, once the index error tends to the zero point, the total G-IM BER reaches its lower limit, a 3 dB gain, thanks t
The emergence of bias in deep neural models represents a significant reliability concern, which may lead to overoptimistic results on seen data while compromising the model's ability to generalize effectively on u...
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Delivery routing and truck assignment for transportation resources are essential elements in the dynamic world of supply chain management and logistics. This study proposes a framework for maximising the number of tru...
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