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Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), IEEE Conference on

作者： Shakiba Davari Center for Human-Computer Interaction and Department of Computer Science Virginia TechUSA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665484039

Augmented Reality(AR) offers the potential for easy and efficient information access, reinforcing the wide belief that AR Glasses are the next-generation of personal computing devices. However, to realize this all-day AR vision, the AR interface must be able to address the challenges that constant and pervasive presence of virtual content can cause for the user. The optimal interface, that is the most efficient yet least intrusive, in one context may be the worst interface for another context. Throughout the day, as the user switches context, an optimal all-day interface must adapts its virtual content display and interactions as well. This work aims to propose a research agenda to design and validate different adaptation techniques and context-aware AR interfaces and introduce a framework for the design of such intelligent interfaces.

关键词： human computer interaction Three-dimensional displays Conferences Glass Next generation networking Augmented reality

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What Lies Beneath? Exploring the Impact of Underlying AI Model Updates in AI-Infused Systems

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Mohanty, Vikram Lim, Jude Luther, Kurt Human-Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States Independent Researcher ArlingtonVA United States Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech AlexandriaVA United States

AI models are constantly evolving, with new versions released frequently. human-AI interaction guidelines encourage notifying users about changes in model capabilities, ideally supported by thorough benchmarking. However, as AI systems integrate into domain-specific workflows, exhaustive benchmarking can become impractical, often resulting in silent or minimally communicated updates. This raises critical questions: Can users notice these updates? What cues do they rely on to distinguish between models? How do such changes affect their behavior and task performance? We address these questions through two studies in the context of facial recognition for historical photo identification: an online experiment examining users’ ability to detect model updates, followed by a diary study exploring perceptions in a real-world deployment. Our findings highlight challenges in noticing AI model updates, their impact on downstream user behavior and performance, and how they lead users to develop divergent folk theories. Drawing on these insights, we discuss strategies for effectively communicating model updates in AI-infused systems. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Face recognition

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Critically Examining the Broader Implications of Methodological Design in Cross-Cultural, Multi-sited Case Studies of Engineering Ethics Education [Work in Progress]

Critically Examining the Broader Implications of Methodologi...

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2023 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition - The Harbor of Engineering: Education for 130 Years, ASEE 2023

作者： Clancy, Rockwell Franklin Zhu, Qin Streiner, Scott Thorpe, Ryan The Department of Humanities Arts and Social Sciences The Colorado School of Mines The Department of Values Technology and Innovation Delft University of Technology Netherlands The Department of Engineering Education and Affiliate Faculty The Department of Science Technology & Society The Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech United States School of Engineering the University of Pittsburgh United States

Ethics has long been recognized as crucial to responsible engineering, but the increasingly globalized environments present challenges to effective engineering ethics training. This paper is part of a larger research project that aims to examine the effects of culture and education on ethics training in undergraduate engineering students at universities in the United States, China, and the Netherlands. We are interested in how students’ curricular and extra-curricular (e.g., internships, service projects) experiences and training impact their ethical reasoning and moral dispositions, and how this differs cross-culturally. To understand this, we are conducting mixed methods research longitudinally over four years to engineering students at our participating universities to gauge their moral dispositions and ethical reasoning skills and to measure any change in these. This work-in-progress paper, however, is not about the direct outcomes of this research project. Rather, it critically examines our own practices and methods in doing this research. We begin the paper by briefly introducing the larger research project and motivating the use of comparative, multi-institutional case studies as necessary for contextualizing, complementing, and interpreting quantitative data on ethical reasoning and moral dispositions. Because the conditions related to engineering ethics education differ widely per participating institution for institutional (and also likely cultural) reasons, interpreting and analyzing quantitative survey data will require understanding contextual conditions of education at each institution. Comparative case studies can supply missing contextual information to provide a more complete picture of the engineering ethics educational contexts, strategies, and practices at each of the participating universities. However, in considering how to design and conduct these case studies, we realized we were operating under certain assumptions such as ethics in engineeri

关键词： Students

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The Mobile Office: A Mobile AR Systems for Productivity Applications in Industrial Environments 13th

The Mobile Office: A Mobile AR Systems for Productivity Appl...

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13th International Conference on Virtual, Augmented and Mixed Reality, VAMR 2021, Held as Part of the 23rd HCI International Conference, HCII 2021

作者： Linares Garcia, Daniel Antonio Dongre, Poorvesh Roofigari-Esfahan, Nazila Bowman, Doug A. Department of Building Construction Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24060 United States Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24060 United States Center for Human-Computer Interaction Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA24060 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783030775988

This article proposes the Mobile Office, an AR-Based System for productivity applications in industrial environments. It focuses on addressing workers’ needs while mobilizing in complex environments and when workers want to do productive work similar to a workstation setting. For this purpose, the Mobile Office relies on a bi-modal approach (mobile and static modes) to addresses both scenarios while considering critical aspects such as UI, ergonomics, interaction, safety, and cognitive user abilities. Its development relies first on a systematic literature review for establishing guidelines and system aspects. Then AR-UI mockups are presented to incorporate literature and authors’ expertise in this area. Three hardware configurations are also presented for the implementation of the Mobile Office. Validation of the Mobile Office was made through a survey to potential users that provided their feedback about their perceptions of proposed system. The survey results revealed concordance of critical aspects of particular importance for effective productivity support on the Mobile Office’s focus scenarios. We incorporated these critical aspects and suggested future research direction for the Mobile Office’s further development and significance. © 2021, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Working in Extended Reality in the Wild: Worker and Bystander Experiences of XR Virtual Displays in Real-World Settings

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Pavanatto, Leonardo Biener, Verena Chandran, Jennifer Kalamkar, Snehanjali Lu, Feiyu Dudley, John J. Hu, Jinghui Nikki Ramirez-Saffy, G. Kristensson, Per Ola Giovannelli, Alexander Schlueter, Luke Müller, Jörg Grubert, Jens Bowman, Doug A. The Center for Human-Computer Interaction Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech BlacksburgVA United States The Visualization Research Center University of Stuttgart Germany Coburg University of Applied Sciences and Arts Germany The University of Bayreuth Germany The Department of Engineering University of Cambridge United Kingdom

Although access to sufficient screen space is crucial to knowledge work, workers often find themselves with limited access to display infrastructure in remote or public settings. While virtual displays can be used to extend the available screen space through extended reality (XR) head-worn displays (HWD), we must better understand the implications of working with them in public settings from both users’ and bystanders’ viewpoints. To this end, we conducted two user studies. We first explored the usage of a hybrid AR display across real-world settings and tasks. We focused on how users take advantage of virtual displays and what social and environmental factors impact their usage of the system. A second study investigated the differences between working with a laptop, an AR system, or a VR system in public. We focused on a single location and participants performed a predefined task to enable direct comparisons between the conditions while also gathering data from bystanders. The combined results suggest a positive acceptance of XR technology in public settings and show that virtual displays can be used to accompany existing devices. We highlighted some environmental and social factors. We saw that previous XR experience and personality can influence how people perceive the use of XR in public. In addition, we confirmed that using XR in public still makes users stand out and that bystanders are curious about the devices, yet have no clear understanding of how they can be used. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Virtual environments

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Evaluating the Benefits of the Immersive Space to Think

Evaluating the Benefits of the Immersive Space to Think

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2020 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces, VRW 2020

作者： Lisle, Lee Chen, Xiaoyu Edward Gitre, J.K. North, Chris Bowman, Doug A. Center for Human-Computer Interaction Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech United States Virginia Tech Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering United States Center for Human-Computer Interaction Department of History Virginia Tech United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165325

Sensemaking with large multimedia dataset is a cognitively intensive task that requires analysts to understand the underlying stories that the dataset tells. Often, analysts use tools in order to offload cognition as well as convey their new understanding of the dataset;however, existing tools are limited by their underlying technologies. We have proposed a novel virtual reality tool to support sensemaking called the Immersive Space to Think (IST). IST can aid the process of analyzing multimedia data, but it remains unproven whether IST improves sensemaking performance over a traditional desktop setting. In a study performed over six weeks, one participant used both IST and traditional methods of sensemaking with a dataset of 100 text documents of transcribed survey responses from World War 2 soldiers to perform historical analysis. The participant was asked guided questions that produced three essays with their understanding of the data. After conducting a blind evaluation of the participant's interpretation of the data, a team of three experts in historical analysis concluded that the essays written with IST displayed a better understanding of the dataset. Furthermore, the participant gave positive feedback on IST, and also suggested possible improvements. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Surveys

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Towards Robots that Influence humans over Long-Term interaction

Towards Robots that Influence Humans over Long-Term Interact...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Shahabedin Sagheb Ye-Ji Mun Neema Ahmadian Benjamin A. Christie Andrea Bajcsy Katherine Driggs-Campbell Dylan P. Losey Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Collaborative Robotics Lab (Collab) Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Human-Centered Autonomy Lab (HCAL) University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign IL Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science UC Berkeley CA

When humans interact with robots influence is inevitable. Consider an autonomous car driving near a human: the speed and steering of the autonomous car will affect how the human drives. Prior works have developed frameworks that enable robots to influence humans towards desired behaviors. But while these approaches are effective in the short-term (i.e., the first few human-robot interactions), here we explore long-term influence (i.e., repeated interactions between the same human and robot). Our central insight is that humans are dynamic: people adapt to robots, and behaviors which are influential now may fall short once the human learns to anticipate the robot's actions. With this insight, we experimentally demonstrate that a prevalent game-theoretic formalism for generating influential robot behaviors becomes less effective over repeated interactions. Next, we propose three modifications to Stackelberg games that make the robot's policy both influential and unpredictable. We finally test these modifications across simulations and user studies: our results suggest that robots which purposely make their actions harder to anticipate are better able to maintain influence over long-term interaction. See videos here: https://***/ydO83cgjZ2Q

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Spatial Referencing for Anywhere, Anytime Augmented Reality

Spatial Referencing for Anywhere, Anytime Augmented Reality

引用

Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), IEEE Conference on

作者： Yuan Li Center for Human-Computer Interaction and Dept. of Computer Science Virginia Tech

ISBN: (数字)9781728165325

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165332

Augmented Reality (AR) systems can effectively enhance collaboration in the real world by providing useful spatial cues through virtual overlays. In particular, AR can be used to facilitate referencing a location in space as required in many collaborative activities. However, the goal of supporting spatial referencing anywhere at any time is hindered by issues with current AR technology, such as the lack of a precise environment model, unreliable tracking, and difficulty in synchronizing among different devices. This paper proposes a research agenda that innovates in the domain of interaction techniques for spatial referencing for everywhere AR.

关键词： Biological system modeling Three-dimensional displays Collaboration Augmented reality Visualization Reliability Computational modeling

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Evaluating the Benefits of the Immersive Space to Think

Evaluating the Benefits of the Immersive Space to Think

引用

Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW), IEEE Conference on

作者： Lee Lisle Xiaoyu Chen J.K. Edward Gitre Chris North Doug A. Bowman Department of Computer Science Center for Human-Computer Interaction Grado Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Virginia Tech Department of History Virginia Tech Center for Human-Computer Interaction

ISBN: (数字)9781728165325

ISBN: (纸本)9781728165332

Sensemaking with large multimedia dataset is a cognitively intensive task that requires analysts to understand the underlying stories that the dataset tells. Often, analysts use tools in order to offload cognition as well as convey their new understanding of the dataset; however, existing tools are limited by their underlying technologies. We have proposed a novel virtual reality tool to support sensemaking called the Immersive Space to Think (IST). IST can aid the process of analyzing multimedia data, but it remains unproven whether IST improves sensemaking performance over a traditional desktop setting. In a study performed over six weeks, one participant used both IST and traditional methods of sensemaking with a dataset of 100 text documents of transcribed survey responses from World War 2 soldiers to perform historical analysis. The participant was asked guided questions that produced three essays with their understanding of the data. After conducting a blind evaluation of the participant’s interpretation of the data, a team of three experts in historical analysis concluded that the essays written with IST displayed a better understanding of the dataset. Furthermore, the participant gave positive feedback on IST, and also suggested possible improvements.

关键词： Tools Visualization Task analysis human computer interaction Virtual reality Three-dimensional displays Information analysis

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Supporting child–group interactions with hands-off museum exhibit

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International Journal of Child-computer interaction 2021年 27卷

作者： Kotut, Lindah Hoang, Ann Panda, Havisha Shenk, Jennifer Newbill, Phyllis Kellogg, Derek Scott McCrickard, D. Department of Computer Science Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States Center for Human Computer Interaction Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States Institute of Creativity Arts and Technology (ICAT) Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA United States Science Museum of Western Virginia Roanoke VA United States

technology can be used to augment visitors’ experience with a museum exhibit and provide museum visitors with means of interacting with otherwise hands-off exhibits. However, introducing technology to support interactivity has the likelihood of usurping users’ attention from the exhibit or diminishing interactions with other visitors. Our approach to this problem involves supporting hands-on interactions for groups visiting a pollinator garden—a science museum exhibit containing fragile species where touching is discouraged. Through interviews with museum experts and docents, we elicited design goals that we then enfolded into an Android application that leverages visual recognition to support interactions with the exhibit. We tested our application in-situ with 65 children in three groups and subsequently propose and describe design approaches that uses the ethos of scaling to support different number of users and leveling to varied cognitive levels. We conclude by recommending reusable designs guidelines to support interactions within other evolving and hands-off contexts. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Child–group interaction Child–mobile interactions Hands-off exhibits Museum

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