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5th IEEE International Conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, PRML 2024

作者： Zhong, Yuchen Ying, Qijun Cai, Xiaohui dept. of Computer Science and Technology Hefei China dept. of Data Science Hefei China

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355925

Foot bending is a basic component of walking. Although bending is important for foot-ground interaction and ensures the speed and balance of the whole walking cycle, there is still no practical method for recording and analyzing foot bending under everyday scenarios. In this study we propose to use a smart insole, with two embedded Inertial Measurement Units, to acquire the movements of the fore-foot and the hind-foot and deduce the bending, represented by the bending point's position. We use the deep learning approach to estimate the bending position and its changes during different walking patterns. On the dataset containing 8 test subjects and 6 walking patterns, our method can achieve an overall mean absolute error accuracy of 2.58 cm. The smart insole can be with the subject all the day, bring in a new method for continuous foot bending monitoring. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Wearable technology

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From data to Harvest through Machine Learning based Crop Yield Forecasting 2

From Data to Harvest through Machine Learning based Crop Yie...

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2nd International Conference on Advancements in Smart, Secure and Intelligent Computing, ASSIC 2024

作者： Budarapu, Aadithya Vikram Gaddam, John Hyde Boyedi, Ramu Muthyala, Thoshan Kumer Kathirisetty, Nikhila Dept. of Information Technology Hyderabad India Dept. of Computer Science and Data Science Hyderabad India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370188

The maintenance and enhancement of dynamic soil characteristics are the primary focus of soil management in agriculture to increase crop productivity. Higher productivity may result from efficient soil control of resources and corrective micronutrient treatments. Using CNN and 'KNN' algorithms, the 'soil land classification and crop prediction system' application was created. In this study, two datasets are used: one to obtain crop prediction and the other for soil land categorization. The kind of soils are trained using CNN ('VGG- 19') algorithm, and the accuracy of the model is calculated. The trained model is then utilized in the Flask web app to forecast the type of soil. Another data set with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, and temperature as features and the class type of crop as a label is used to forecast crop production. These two algorithms are used to create the flask website, which accepts inputs such as soil picture, soil type prediction, and land parameter inputs for crop prediction. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Soils

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An Intelligent LLM-Powered Personalized Assistant for Digital Banking Using LangGraph and Chain of Thoughts 22

An Intelligent LLM-Powered Personalized Assistant for Digita...

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22nd IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Systems and Informatics, SISY 2024

作者： Easin, Arafat Md Sourav, Saha Tamas, Orosz Data Science and Engineering Dept. Budapest Hungary Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385601

Text-based applications and chatbots are increasingly popular for delivering banking services and educational tools, offering convenient and efficient solutions for users. Whereas, personalized assistants have transformed user engagement in the digital banking space by utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) in conjunction with autonomous agents. This study proposes the development of an intelligent personalized assistant for digital banking, utilizing a multi-agent framework based on the LangGraph and Chain of Thoughts (COT) prompting. While COT guarantees context-aware replies, the LangGraph design maps characteristics to nodes to improve user interactions. The objectives of this system are to enhance task efficiency and elevate the capabilities of digital banking assistants. We present a customizable digital banking system powered by LLM-based models, designed to deliver an interactive and personalized banking experience. The system supports a range of services, including adding money, transferring funds, paying bills, accessing telco services like mobile recharge, managing savings interest rates, DPS schemes, fixed deposits, and answering FAQs related to banking information. Therefore, integrating COT for logical reasoning enhances the effectiveness of multi-agent systems, as each single agent benefits from the structured reasoning process. In addition, LangGraph is employed for structured data management, enabling the assistant to support and accelerate various digital banking processes efficiently. The code implementation of this work is available for public access at: https://***/srv-sh/digital-agent. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Information management

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Hybrid Book Recommendation System Using Collaborative Filtering and Embedding Based Deep Learning

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第8期49卷 189-204页

作者： Remadnia, Ouahiba Maazouzi, Faiz Chefrour, Djalel Dept. of Computer Science University of Souk Ahras Algeria

We propose a hybrid e-book recommendation mechanism that leverages collaborative filtering and content-based recommendation paradigms to address inherent challenges in e-learning systems. For collaborative filtering, we present an innovative deep learning framework that utilizes embeddings to enhance accuracy and manage large datasets efficiently. This framework effectively addresses the cold start problem, thereby improving recommendation precision. In content-based recommendation, we introduce a regression-based technique to elevate system capabilities by incorporating content attributes. The integration of these techniques into our deep learning model creates a comprehensive and adaptable solution with scalability and effectiveness. Experiments on the Book Recommendation dataset demonstrate that our solution provides better suggestions and outperforms existing works in terms of Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE), achieving values of 0.69 and 0.51, respectively. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Collaborative learning

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Differential Privacy-Based data Collection for Improving data Utility and Reducing Computational Overhead

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2025年第1期74卷 102-108页

作者： Kim, Jong Wook Dept. of Computer Science Sangmyung University Korea Republic of

With the rise of real-time data collection through mobile devices such as smartphones, user-driven decision-making systems in various fields such as transportation and healthcare have advanced significantly. However, increasing concerns about the privacy of sensitive information have emerged, leading to the widespread use of differential privacy (DP) to mitigate these risks. Among DP-based data collection methods, local differential privacy (LDP) and distributed differential privacy (DDP) are prominent. While LDP provides low computational overhead, it compromises data utility, while DDP provides better utility at the cost of higher computational overhead. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a DP-compliant (θ,λ) data collection method. The proposed approach collects a fraction of θ of the total items and a fraction of λ of the total user data, achieving improved data utility compared to LDP while significantly reducing computational overhead compared to DDP, resulting in more efficient data collection. Experimental results on real-world datasets show that the proposed method not only improves data utility over LDP, but also effectively reduces computational overhead over DDP. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： data collection

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Hybrid CNN-ViT architecture to exploit spatio-temporal feature for fire recognition trained through transfer learning

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4703-4732页

作者： Shahid, Mohammad Wang, Hong-Cyuan Chen, Yung-Yao Hua, Kai-Lung Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Dept. of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

Fires are becoming one of the major natural hazards that threaten the ecology, economy, human life and even more worldwide. Therefore, early fire detection systems are crucial to prevent fires from spreading out of control and causing destruction. Based on vision sensors, many fire detection techniques have evolved with the recent surge of curiosity in deep learning, which exploits the spatial features of individual images. However, fire can take different forms, scales, and combustion materials can produce different colors, making accurate fire detection from an image challenging. Small fires captured from long-distance cameras lack salient features, further complicating detection. This paper proposes a hybrid structure that uses attention-enhanced convolutional neural networks and vision transformers (CNN-ViT) to detect fire. The proposed CNN-ViT first pays spatial attention to every frame and then aggregates temporal contextual information from neighboring frames to improve detection performance. Due to the limited availability of training fire datasets, the study employs deep transfer learning for feature extraction using pre-trained CNN. We used various metrics to examine the efficacy of the proposed approach. The results showed that the CNN-ViT method outperformed previous models based on spatial-temporal characteristics by achieving a relative improvement in accuracy and F1 score. The satisfactory results on images contaminated with different intensities of noise confirm the robustness of the approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fires

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Prompting Towards Alleviating Code-Switched data Scarcity in Under-Resourced Languages with GPT as a Pivot 3

Prompting Towards Alleviating Code-Switched Data Scarcity in...

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3rd Annual Meeting of the ELRA-ISCA Special Interest Group on Under-Resourced Languages, SIGUL 2024

作者： Terblanche, Michelle Olaleye, Kayode Marivate, Vukosi Data Science for Social Impact Dept. of Computer Science University of Pretoria South Africa

ISBN: (纸本)9782493814296

Many multilingual communities, including numerous in Africa, frequently engage in code-switching during conversations. This behaviour stresses the need for natural language processing technologies adept.at processing code-switched text. However, data scarcity, particularly in African languages, poses a significant challenge, as many are low-resourced and under-represented. In this study, we prompted GPT 3.5 to generate Afrikaans–English and Yoruba–English code-switched sentences, enhancing diversity using topic-keyword pairs, linguistic guidelines, and few-shot examples. Our findings indicate that the quality of generated sentences for languages using non-Latin scripts, like Yoruba, is considerably lower when compared with the high Afrikaans–English success rate. There is therefore a notable opportunity to refine prompting guidelines to yield sentences suitable for the fine-tuning of language models. We propose a framework for augmenting the diversity of synthetically generated code-switched data using GPT and propose leveraging this technology to mitigate data scarcity in low-resourced languages, underscoring the essential role of native speakers in this process. © 2024 ELRA Language Resource Association.

关键词： Natural language processing systems

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TCCL: Discovering Better Communication Paths for PCIe GPU Clusters 24

TCCL: Discovering Better Communication Paths for PCIe GPU Cl...

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29th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS 2024

作者： Kim, Heehoon Ryu, Junyeol Lee, Jaejin Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Dept. of Data Science Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798400703867

Exploiting parallelism to train deep learning models requires GPUs to cooperate through collective communication primitives. While systems like DGX, equipped with proprietary interconnects, have been extensively studied, the systems where GPUs mainly communicate through PCIe have received limited attention. This paper introduces TCCL, a collective communication library designed explicitly for such systems. TCCL has three components: a profiler for multitransfer performance measurement, a pathfinder to discover optimal communication paths, and a modified runtime of NCCL to utilize the identified paths. The focus is on ring-based collective communication algorithms that apply to popular communication operations in deep learning, such as AllReduce and AllGather. The evaluation results of TCCL on three different PCIe-dependent GPU clusters show that TCCL outperforms (up to ×2.07) the state-of-the-art communication libraries, NCCL and MSCCL. We also evaluate TCCL with DL training workloads with various combinations of parallelism types. © 2024 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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A Study on Innovative Work Behavior with Reference to Software Development Companies 4

A Study on Innovative Work Behavior with Reference to Softwa...

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4th IEEE International Conference on ICT in Business Industry and Government, ICTBIG 2024

作者： Nanda, Kavita Jaimini Kapoor, Timsy Dept. of Computer Science and Data Analytics Madhya Pradesh Indore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518981

Innovation is a vital component of success in the software development industry, where companies constantly seek to improve processes, products, and services. While individual creativity and motivation are essential, organizational factors also play a significant role in shaping innovative work behavior. This study delves into the complex interplay between individual and organizational factors that influence innovative work behavior in software development companies. Using a mixed-methods approach, we collected survey data from software developers, conducted in-dept. interviews, and observed work practices. Our results reveal those individual factors like creativity, autonomy, and motivation, as well as organizational factors like leadership support, resources, and a culture of innovation, significantly impact innovative work behavior. We also found that organizational factors moderate the relationship between individual factors and innovative work *** study contributes to the understanding of innovative work behavior in software development, highlighting the importance of aligning individual and organizational factors to foster a culture of innovation. Our findings provide actionable insights for software development companies to develop strategies that promote innovative work behavior, drive competitiveness, and enhance success in the industry. By understanding the interplay between individual and organizational factors, companies can create an environment that encourages creativity, experimentation, and innovation, leading to the development of novel software solutions and improved business outcomes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomy Creativity Individual Factors Innovative Work Behavior Leadership Support Motivation Organizational Factors Resources Software Development

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MOPO-HBT: A movie poster dataset for title extraction and recognition

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第18期83卷 54545-54568页

作者： Ghosh, Mridul Roy, Sayan Saha Banik, Bivan Mukherjee, Himadri Obaidullah, Sk Md Roy, Kaushik Dept. of Computer Science Shyampur Siddheswari Mahavidyalaya Howrah India Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Aliah University Kolkata India Dept. of Electronics & Electrical Communication Engineering IIT Kharagpur Kharagpur India TISA Lab Dept. of Computer Science West Bengal State University Barasat India

Real-world images often encompass embedded texts that adhere to disparate disciplines like business, education, and amusement, to name a few. Such images are graphically rich in terms of font attributes, color distribution, foreground-background similarity, and component organization. This aggravates the difficulty of recognizing texts from these images. Such characteristics are very prominent in the case of movie posters. One of the first pieces of information on movie posters is the title. Automatic recognition of movie titles from images can aid in efficient indexing as well as information conveyance. However, it is accompanied by other texts like the names of actors, producers, taglines, dates, etc. Though the organization of components is somewhat similar across different film industries like Tollywood (West Bengal), Bollywood (Mumbai), and Hollywood (Los Angeles), the graffiti patterns differ in multifarious instances. To address the problem of movie title understanding, we propose a dataset named MOvie POsters-Hollywood Bollywood Tollywood (MOPO-HBT) that encompasses movie posters from the aforementioned industries. The entire dataset is publicly available (http://***/11564) for research purposes. The baseline results of title identification and recognition were obtained with a CNN-based (Convolutional Neural Network) approach, wherein the titles were extracted using the M-EAST (Modified-Efficient and Accurate Scene Text) detector model. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2023.

关键词： Character recognition

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