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International Conference on Computational science and its Applications (ICCSA)

作者： Majid Javid Moayed Abdul Azim Abdul Ghani Ramlan Mahmod Department of Computer Science and Information Technology Putra University Malaysia Department of Computer Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Inf. Technol. Putra Univ. Serdang Putra University Malaysia

There are three general classes of cryptographic voting protocols: those based on blind signatures, those based on mix-nets, and using homomorphic encryption. Historically, cryptographic research has focused on proving that the tally is the sum of all the ballots, and that the contents of individual ballots remain secret. Cryptographic voting research considered the voter and the polling booth to be one entity. Voterpsilas final ballot must be secret and she can not prove the contents of her final ballot to anyone. In the other way, voter needs ability to verify that their votes are cast and counted as intended. Survey on kinds of cryptography methods and voter-verified in voting systems for better comprehension and different of them are goals of this article. Survey of cryptography variety methods on security of voting, beside of voter-verified helps to find new ways in selecting models. And with these models except of increasing of voting safety assure to voter about system honesty.

关键词： Voting Public key cryptography Cryptographic protocols Privacy Public key Application software computer security inf.rmation security computer science inf.rmation technology

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ARQ Protocols for Two-User Cooperative Diversity Systems

ARQ Protocols for Two-User Cooperative Diversity Systems

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International Conference on Wireless Communications, Networking and Mobile Computing (WiCom)

作者： Chao Zhang Huarui Yin Weidong Wang Wei Guo Department of Electronic Engineering and Information Science Wireless Information Network Laboratory University of Science and Technology Hefei China Dept. of Electronic Engineering and Information Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Dept. of Electron. Eng. & Inf. Sci. Univ. of Sci. & Technol. of China Hefei

Automatic repeat-request (ARQ) protocols for two-user cooperative diversity system employing Alamouti space-time coding are investigated in this paper. A whole cooperative transmit frame of the original cooperative system consists of three sub-frames. According to different feedback schedules in a transmit frame at the destination, two basic ARQ protocols, namely post-cooperating and pre-cooperating, are proposed and analyzed. We show that both proposed ARQ protocols can improve the throughput in two-user cooperative system. Pre-cooperating protocol yields 50% gains in users' throughput than post-cooperating protocol if both users have high user-destination average received signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at the destination. Nevertheless, if both of user-destination average received SNRs are low, post-cooperating protocol is more effective than pre-cooperating protocol. Proposed protocols provide useful basic tools for designing more complicated ARQ protocols. Finally, simulation results verify our analysis.

关键词： Automatic repeat request Cooperative systems Throughput Relays Feedback Transmitting antennas Mobile antennas Cyclic redundancy check Wireless application protocol Chaos

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On Per-Flow Fairness and Scheduling in Wireless Multihop Networks

On Per-Flow Fairness and Scheduling in Wireless Multihop Net...

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IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC

作者： A. Sgora D. J. Vergados D. D. Vergados Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering University of Aegean Samos Greece School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National and Technical University of Athens Athens Greece Dept. of Inf. & Commun. Syst. Eng. Univ. of the Aegean Samos Greece

In wireless multihop networks communication between two-end nodes is carried out by hopping over multiple short wireless links. Traditional CSMA/CA based media access control does not work well in a multihop scenario, since transmitters are often out of reach of other users' sensing range. Therefore TDMA seems to be a more promising solution. Several algorithms may be found in the literature for scheduling TDMA transmissions for these networks. These algorithms try to determine the optimal scheduling, in order to increase the capacity and reduce the delay for a given network topology. In our previous work, a TDMA scheduling algorithm has been proposed that schedules the transmissions in a fair manner and takes into account the communication requirements of the active flows of the network. In this research effort, we compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with several TDMA scheduling algorithms, in terms of frame length, throughput and fairness. Simulation results showed that the proposed algorithm exhibits improved performance compared to the other solutions, not only in terms of fairness, but also in terms of throughput.

关键词： Spread spectrum communication Scheduling algorithm Optimal scheduling Time division multiple access Wireless sensor networks Throughput Wireless communication Multiaccess communication Media Access Protocol Transmitters

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Text Knowledge Mining: An Alternative to Text Data Mining

Text Knowledge Mining: An Alternative to Text Data Mining

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IEEE International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDM Workshops)

作者： D. Sánchez M.J. Martín-Bautista I. Blanco C. Justicia de la Torre Department Computer Science E.T.S.I.I.T. University of Granada Granada Spain Dept. Computer Science and A.I. E.T.S.I.I.T. Granada Spain Center of Inf. & Commun. Networks Univ. of Granada Granada AndalucÃa ES

In this paper we introduced an alternative view of text mining and we review several alternative views proposed by different authors. We propose a classification of text mining techniques into two main groups: techniques based on inductive inf.rence, that we call text data mining (TDM, comprising most of the existing proposals in the literature), and techniques based on deductive or abductive inf.rence, that we call text knowledge mining (TKM). To our knowledge, the TKM view of text mining is new though, as we shall show, several existing techniques could be considered in this group. We discuss about the possibilities and challenges of TKM techniques. We also discuss about the application of existing theories in possible future research in this field.

关键词： Data mining Text mining Magnesium Data structures Stress Calcium Conferences computer science inf.rmatics Communication networks

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The Analysis of a Case Study for Group Programming Learning

The Analysis of a Case Study for Group Programming Learning

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International Conference on Advanced Learning Technologies (ICALT)

作者： Hugo Fuks Marcos Andre Fernandes Spósito Alberto Nogueira de Castro Thais Helena Chaves de Castro Inf. Dept. PUC-Rio Rio de Janeiro Informatics Department (PUC-Rio) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil Computer Science Department (UFAM)Av. Gal. Rodrigo Otávio Jordão Ramos 3000 – 69077-300 – Manaus – AM – Brasil

This paper describes a case study on group programming learning that has as central components the identification of specific demands for such domain and the requirement analysis for collaborative programming learning... 详细信息

关键词： Programming profession computer science Laboratories Collaborative work Educational products Collaboration Problem-solving Reflection Statistical analysis inf.rmatics

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Evaluation of IEEE 754 floating-point arithmetic compliance across a wide range of heterogeneous computers 07

Evaluation of IEEE 754 floating-point arithmetic compliance ...

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4th Richard Tapia Celebration of Diversity in Computing Conference 2007

作者： Lopez, Guillermo A. Taufer, Michela Teller, Patricia J. University of Texas Department of Computer Science El Paso University of Delaware Computer and Inf. Sciences Dept.

ISBN: (纸本)9781595938664

Scientific applications rely heavily on floating-point arithmetic and, therefore, are affected by the precision and implementation of floating-point operations. Although the computers we use are IEEE compliant, this only assures the same representation of floating-point numbers;it does not guarantee that floating-point operations will be performed in the same way on all computers. As a result the same program run on different computers may yield different results. This paper is a first step in understanding the reason for this, in particular, different results for the execution of the application Charmm on different computers. We report on our use of a well-known test suite, IeeeCC754, to evaluate IEEE 754 compliance across a wide range of heterogeneous computers with different architectures, operating systems, precisions, and compilers. © 2007 ACM.

关键词： Natural sciences computing

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Priority dropping for scalable video

International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineeri...

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International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous engineering 2007年第3期2卷 119-130页

作者： Xiaogang, Yang Jiqiang, Liu Ning, Li Kim, Tai-Hoon State Key Lab. of Software Development Env Beihang University Beijing China Dep. of Computer and Inf. Technology Beijing jiaotong University Beijing China Dept. of Multimedia Engineering Hannam University Daejeon Korea Republic of

For H.264/SVC, different layers or frames have different order of precedence according to their importance on video quality and the decoding process. Network should provide more protection for high priority layers or frames when SVC stream is transmitted over IP network. This paper proposes an active queue management algorithm based on priority dropping and PID algorithm, called PID_PD, which first drops the least important packets when network congestion arises. PID_PD implements differentiated service in IP layer to provide high quality video for end user. In addition, PID_PD does not create a side effect for the performance of control system. In this paper, we use BCC (Binomial Congestion Control) as source rate control protocol. BCC and PID_PD form a close-loop control system. By using a classic control theoretic approach to analyze the stability of the close-loop system, we present a method to decide the PID_PD parameters. Simulation shows PID_PD can protect important video data well, lower the disturbance of background flow, and decrease the packet loss rate of SVC flow.

关键词： Control systems

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Leightweight Middleware for Seamless HW-SW Interoperability, with Application to Wireless Sensor Networks

Leightweight Middleware for Seamless HW-SW Interoperability,...

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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： F.J. Villanueva D. Villa F. Moya J. Barba F. Rincon J.C. Lopez Department of Information Technologies and Systems School of Computer Science Ciudad Real Spain Dept. of Inf. Technol. & Syst. Sch. of Comput. Sci. Ciudad Real

HW-SW interoperability by means of standard distributed object middlewares has been proved to be useful in the design of new and challenging applications for ubiquitous computing, and ambient intelligence environments. Wireless sensor networks are considered to be essential for the proper deployment of these applications, but they impose new constraints in the design of the corresponding communication inf.astructure: low-cost middleware implementations that can fit into tiny wireless devices are needed. In this paper, a novel approach for the development of pervasive environments based on an ultra low-cost implementation of standard distributed object middlewares (such as CORBA or ICE) is presented. A fully functional prototype supporting full interoperability with ZeroC ICE is described in detail. Available implementations range from the smallest microcontrollers in the market, to the tiniest embedded Java virtual machines, and even a low-end FPGA

关键词： Middleware Wireless sensor networks Ice Ubiquitous computing Ambient intelligence Standards development Prototypes Microcontrollers Java Virtual machining

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Corpus-based generation of fundamental frequency contours using generation process model and considering emotional focuses

Corpus-based generation of fundamental frequency contours us...

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INTERSPEECH 2006 and 9th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, INTERSPEECH 2006 - ICSLP

作者： Hirose, Keikichi Asano, Yasufumi Minematsu, Nobuaki Dept. of Inf. and Commu. Engineering School of Inf. Science and Tech. University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Dept. of Frontier Informatics School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781604234497

We formerly conducted emotional speech synthesis using our corpus-based method of generating fundamental frequency (F0) contours from text. The method predicts command values of F0 contour generation process model instead of directly predicting F0 value of each time frame. A better control of F0 contours was realized by taking the emotional level of each bunsetsu into account: adding inf.rmation on which bunsetsu(s) the emotion is especially placed to the command predictor inputs. In the case of anger, F0 contours closer to the target contours are obtained by adding emotional levels. Speech synthesis was conducted by generating F 0 contours in two ways: using commands predicted by taking emotional levels into account and those not. The result of perceptual experiment indicated that emotion was conveyed well by adding emotional levels.

关键词： Speech synthesis

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Tone recognition of continuous speech of standard chinese using neural network and tone nucleus model

Tone recognition of continuous speech of standard chinese us...

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INTERSPEECH 2006 and 9th International Conference on Spoken Language Processing, INTERSPEECH 2006 - ICSLP

作者： Hirose, Keikichi Hu, Hui Wang, Xiaodong Minematsu, Nobuaki Dept. of Inf. and Commu. Engineering School of Inf. Science and Tech. University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Dept. of Electronic Engineering School of Engineering University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Dept. of Frontier Informatics School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781604234497

A method is developed for recognizing lexical tone types of Standard Chinese syllables in continuous speech. Neural network (four-layered perceptron) is adopted as classifier. The method includes two steps;first recognizing tone types using prosodic features of voiced part, and then re-recognizing by viewing only on tone nucleus, which is a portion of the syllable showing rather stable fundamental frequency (F0) contour regardless of tone types of the preceding and following syllables. The voiced part (or tone nucleus) is divided into 20 segments, and F0, delta-F0, F0 slope and short-term energy of each segment are served as inputs to the neural network. In order to cope with tone coarticulation, prosodic feature parameters for the last 5 segments of the preceding syllable and the initial 5 segments of the following syllable are included in the neural network inputs. inf.rmation on syllable length is also added to the inputs. Tone recognition experiment was conducted for a female speaker's utterances included in HKU96 corpus. The average recognition rate was 86.5 % including neutral tone syllables, when the tone nucleus model was not used. It increased to 86.9%, when the model was used. The obtained rate is higher by more than 3 points as compared to that obtained by the hidden-Markov-model-based tone recognizer developed by the authors formerly.

关键词： Hidden Markov models

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