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IEEE Cool Chips

作者： Ziquan Qin Kaijie Wei Hideharu Amano Kazuhiro Nakadai Dept. of Information and Computer Science Keio University Yokohama Japan Dept. of Systems and Control Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan

Open source software for robot audition called HARK aims to make “OpenCV” in audio signal processing, providing comprehensive functions from multichannel audio input to sound localization, sound source separation, and au-tomatic speech recognition. Since each of these HARK modules takes considerable energy when executed on PC, we propose to implement each module on an FPGA board called M-KUBOS connected. Here, we focus on the most computationally expensive function of HARK; the sound source separation, and implement it on a Zynq Ultrascale+ board. More than twice a performance improvement was achieved by using the sound frequency level parallelization in the HLS description compared to the software execution on the Ryzen 3990X64-core server. Power evaluation of the real board showed that the energy consumption is only 1/23.4 of the server.

关键词： Location awareness Energy consumption Source separation Power demand Speech recognition Parallel processing Servers

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Quality of Experience Aware Task Offloading in Digital Twinning Vehicular Edge Computing

Quality of Experience Aware Task Offloading in Digital Twinn...

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International Conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor systems (DCOSS)

作者： Mostakim Jihad Mashraba Tasnim Rodshi Abdullah Al Fahad Palash Roy Md. Abdur Razzaque Mohammad Mehedi Hassan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Green University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Computer Science and Engineering Green Networking Research Group University of Dhaka Bangladesh Information Systems Dept. College of Computer and Information Sciences King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (数字)9798350369441

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369458

Adopting Digital Twin (DT) technology in vehicular edge computing (VEC) enables efficient capture of real-time state information of applications, thereby addressing complex task scheduling problems. Existing literature studies considered only minimizing service latency for task offloading; however, there is room for exploring strategies to enhance user Quality of Experience (QoE) in timeliness and reliability domains. In this paper, we have developed an optimization framework using Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP), namely QuETOD, which minimizes service latency by allocating task execution responsibility to highly reliable and reputed vehicles in a DT-enabled VEC environment. The developed QuETOD framework clusters the vehicles based on the demand-supply theory of economics by considering computing resources and utilizing the multi-weighted subjective logic for getting the proper reputation update of the vehicles. The experimental results of the developed QuETOD system depict significant performance improvement in terms of QoE and reliability compared to the state-of-the-art works as high as 15% and 25%, respectively.

关键词： Processor scheduling Computational modeling Reliability theory Real-time systems Polynomials Quality of experience Servers

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AIX Implementation in Image-Based PM2.5 Estimation: Toward an AI Model for Better Understanding

AIX Implementation in Image-Based PM2.5 Estimation: Toward a...

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15th International Conference on Knowledge and Smart Technology, KST 2023

作者： Utomo, Sapdo John, A. Pratap, Ayush Jiang, Zhi-Sheng Karthikeyan, P. Hsiung, Pao-Ann National Chung Cheng University Grad. Ins. Ambient Intelligence and Smart Systems Chiayi County Taiwan National Chung Cheng University Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering Chiayi County Taiwan Indian Institute of Technology Dept. of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Ropar Rupnagar India

ISBN: (纸本)9781665477123

In accordance with the Sustainable Development Goals, the exponential expansion of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) presents an excellent chance to build more effective tools and solutions and generate positive social impact. According to the WHO report, global PM pollution causes more than 8 million deaths annually. This is the fundamental reason we are performing this research. This research proposes estimating air quality using deep learning. The proposed model can surpass the state-of-the-art model in terms of RMSE, R-squared, and accuracy, which have respective values of 30.10, 0.83, and 76.92%. In order to explain the model's output, LIME has been implemented. According to LIME's explanation, the proposed model's output is trustworthy. Because it reveals that the sky, and not other places such as buildings, was the source of the most impactful superpixels on the model's decision. We hope that with this discovery, we can contribute to the theme of 'AI for social good,' notably in the domains of the environment and human welfare. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Air quality

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Eggplant Disease Diagnosis Using a Robust Ensemble of Transfer Learning Architectures

Eggplant Disease Diagnosis Using a Robust Ensemble of Transf...

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International Conference on Electrical, computer and Communication engineering (ECCE)

作者： Md Ismail Hossain Siddiqui Zishad Hossain Limon Shakil Khan Mahbub Alam Khan Hamdadur Rahman Shimanto Krishna Chakroborty Shamim Forhad Abdullah Al-Sakib S M Arafat Rahman Shafiur Rahman Dept. of Engineering/Industrial Management Westcliff University Irvine CA USA Dept. of Computer Science Westcliff University Irvine CA USA Dept. of Business Analytics International American University CA USA Dept. of Management Information System Pacific State University USA Dept. of Management of Information System International American University USA Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering American International University Bangladesh Dept. of Information Technology Westcliff University USA Dept. of Software Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798350357509

ISBN: (纸本)9798350357516

Eggplant diseases present major challenges to agricultural productivity, leading to yield losses and threatening farmers livelihoods. Traditional diagnostic methods tend to be resource-intensive, subjective, and often inaccurate, making them unsuitable for large-scale use. This study addresses these shortcomings by proposing an Ensemble Transfer Learning (ETL) approach for precise classification of eggplant diseases. The model combines the strengths of ConvNeXt, EfficientNetV2, NFNet, and RegNet architectures, enhancing generalization and minimizing overfitting. Two datasets containing over 19,800 images were utilized for training and validation, with advanced preprocessing and data augmentation techniques applied to ensure high input data quality and model robustness. To assess performance, evaluation metrics such as accuracy, F1-score, MCC, and PR-AUC were used. The model achieved an impressive classification accuracy of 99.76%, surpassing state-of-the-art methods and demonstrating strong generalization across various conditions. A web-based application was also developed, enabling real-time disease diagnostics through a user-friendly interface. This application provides farmers with actionable insights, promoting sustainable farming practices by reducing crop losses and minimizing the need for chemical interventions. However, its reliance on high-quality labeled images limits its applicability in uncontrolled environments. Future research will aim to integrate more diverse datasets and develop mobile-based solutions to enhance scalability and usability. This study emphasizes the potential of ensemble transfer learning to transform agricultural disease diagnosis and improve crop productivity.

关键词： Productivity Accuracy Transfer learning Crops computer architecture Real-time systems Medical diagnosis Chemicals Diseases Farming

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Exploiting information Theory for Intuitive Robot Programming of Manual Activities

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Merlo, Elena Lagomarsino, Marta Lamon, Edoardo Ajoudani, Arash Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Genoa Italy Dept. of Informatics Bioengineering Robotics and Systems Engineering University of Genoa Genoa Italy Dept. of Information Engineering and Computer Science University of Trento Trento Italy

Observational learning is a promising approach to enable people without expertise in programming to transfer skills to robots in a user-friendly manner, since it mirrors how humans learn new behaviors by observing others. Many existing methods focus on instructing robots to mimic human trajectories, but motion-level strategies often pose challenges in skills generalization across diverse environments. This paper proposes a novel framework that allows robots to achieve a higher-level understanding of human-demonstrated manual tasks recorded in RGB videos. By recognizing the task structure and goals, robots generalize what observed to unseen scenarios. We found our task representation on Shannon’s information Theory (IT), which is applied for the first time to manual tasks. IT helps extract the active scene elements and quantify the information shared between hands and objects. We exploit scene graph properties to encode the extracted interaction features in a compact structure and segment the demonstration into blocks, streamlining the generation of Behavior Trees for robot replicas. Experiments validated the effectiveness of IT to automatically generate robot execution plans from a single human demonstration. Additionally, we provide HANDSOME, an open-source dataset of HAND Skills demOnstrated by Multi-subjEcts, to promote further research and evaluation in this field. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Demonstrations

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Rare and Common Types of Retinal Disease Recognition Using Ensemble Deep Learning

Rare and Common Types of Retinal Disease Recognition Using E...

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International Conference on Electrical, computer and Communication engineering (ECCE)

作者： Jesika Debnath Al Shahriar Uddin Khondakar Pranta Arafath Bin Mohiuddin Amira Hossain Anamul Sakib Md. Moniruzzaman Shanto Shamim Forhad Abdullah Al-Sakib Rezaul Haque Shafiur Rahman Dept. of Computer Science Westcliff University Irvine CA USA Dept. of Computer Science Wright State University Dayton USA Department of Collage of Engineering and Technology Westcliff University CA USA Department of Business Administration International American University CA USA Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering American International University Bangladesh Dept. of Information Technology Westcliff University CA USA Dept. of Software Engineering Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798350357509

ISBN: (纸本)9798350357516

Detecting retinal diseases is crucial for preventing vision loss, but it comes with challenges, such as data imbalance and accurately classifying rare conditions. This study introduces a new ensemble transfer learning model that combines EfficientNetB7, SE-ResNet, DenseNet-169, and NASNet to improve the classification of common and rare retinal diseases. The ensemble uses a probability averaging approach to maximise each architecture’s strengths. Essential preprocessing techniques such as Global Contrast Normalization (GCN) and Total Variation Denoising (TVD) were used to enhance image quality. The model was trained and evaluated on the Retinal Fundus Multi-Disease Image Dataset (RFMiD) 2.0, achieving 98.65% accuracy and an F1-score of 0.96% for common diseases and 99.10% accuracy with an F1-score of 0.97 for rare diseases, outperforming individual models significantly. The ensemble has been integrated into a web-based application that allows clinicians to upload retinal images for instant diagnostic feedback, enabling real-time analysis and visual insights. Despite its strengths, challenges such as high computational demands and reliance on high-resolution photos remain. Future work will improve computational efficiency through model compression techniques and extend the model to other imaging modalities, such as Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). In conclusion, this study presents a robust and scalable solution for retinal disease classification, potentially improving early detection and providing real-time support in clinical settings, particularly in resource-limited environments.

关键词： Deep learning Visualization Accuracy Computational modeling Optical coherence tomography Transfer learning Imaging Retina Real-time systems Diseases

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Fairness in Healthcare: Assessing Data Bias and Algorithmic Fairness

Fairness in Healthcare: Assessing Data Bias and Algorithmic ...

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Medical information Processing and Analysis (SIPAIM), International Symposium on

作者： Farzaneh Dehghani Nikita Malik Joanna Lin Sayeh Bayat Mariana Bento dept. Biomedical Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada dept. Information Technology Manipal Institute Of Technology MAHE Manipal India dept. Computer Science University of Calgary Calgary Canada dept. Biomedical Engineering dept. Geomatics Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada dept. Biomedical Engineering dept. Electrical and Software Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331528652

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528669

With the wide employment of Artificial Intelligence-based systems in healthcare, there is an increasing need to further quantify and analyze potential biases in data and algorithms, mitigating health disparities. We aim to investigate publicly available healthcare datasets to identify potential biases, and investigate the impact of these biases on the predictive performance of the models. The results indicate that bias in these datasets exerts a negative impact on the fairness of the learned models. In the context of a highly imbalanced dataset, we further investigate the impact of various imbalance handling techniques on both the performance and fairness of the models. This study underscores the importance of early detection of bias to mitigate the risk of introducing such biases in real-world applications, particularly within a sensitive domain, such as healthcare.

关键词： Measurement Prevention and mitigation Decision making Pipelines Medical services Predictive models Stroke (medical condition) Prediction algorithms Reliability Artificial intelligence

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Case Study-Based Approach of Quantum Machine Learning in Cybersecurity: Quantum Support Vector Machine for Malware Classification and Protection

Case Study-Based Approach of Quantum Machine Learning in Cyb...

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IEEE Annual International computer software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Mst Shapna Akter Hossain Shahriar Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed Kishor Datta Gupta Muhammad Rahman Atef Mohamed Mohammad Rahman Akond Rahman Fan Wu Dept. of Computer Science Kennesaw State University Kennesaw USA Dept. of Information Technology Kennesaw State University Kennesaw USA Dept. of Computer Science Marquette University Wisconsin USA Dept. of Computer Science Clark Atlanta University Georgia USA Dept. of Information Technology Clayton State University Morrow USA Dept. of Information Technology Georgia Southern University Georgia Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University Florida USA Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University Auburn USA Dept of Computer Science Tuskegee University Tuskegee USA

Quantum machine learning (QML) is an emerging field of research that leverages quantum computing to improve the classical machine learning approach to solve complex real-world problems. QML has the potential to address cybersecurity-related challenges. Considering the novelty and complex architecture of QML, resources are not yet explicitly available that can pave cybersecurity learners to instill efficient knowledge of this emerging technology. In this research, we design and develop QML-based ten learning modules covering various cybersecurity topics by adopting student centering case-study based learning approach. We apply one subtopic of QML on a cybersecurity topic comprised of pre-lab, lab, and post-lab activities towards providing learners with hands-on QML experiences in solving real-world security problems. In order to engage and motivate students in a learning environment that encourages all students to learn, pre-lab offers a brief introduction to both the QML subtopic and cybersecurity problem. In this paper, we utilize quantum support vector machine (QSVM) for malware classification and protection where we use open source Pennylane QML framework on the drebin215 dataset. We demonstrate our QSVM model and achieve an accuracy of 95% in malware classification and protection. We will develop all the modules and introduce them to the cybersecurity community in the coming days.

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Decentralized Spectrum Sharing Networks Based on Blockchains

Decentralized Spectrum Sharing Networks Based on Blockchains

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International Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference, IWCMC

作者： Shuyue Ai Yuna Jiang Qiang Li Xiaohu Ge Aduwati Sali School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Dept. of Computer and Communication Systems Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUPM WiPNET Research Centre

ISBN: (数字)9798350361261

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361278

The dynamic spectrum sharing technology in cognitive radio can effectively improve the utilization rate of spectrum and relieve the current spectrum pressure. To realize spectrum sharing without trust between SUs and PUs belonging to various operators, a decentralized spectrum sharing scheme based on blockchain is proposed in this paper. A latency model and a decentralization degree model of blockchain-enabled spectrum sharing network are formulated. Network scale law in this paper is defined as the change law of structure and scale in a network. Based on the proposed decentralization degree and latency model, the scale law of blockchain networks under the constraints of latency and decentralization is studied. The simulation analyzes the change of the proportion of consensus nodes in the blockchain network with different requirements for latency and decentralization. The results show that when blockchain networks have both low latency and decentralization characteristics, the upper limit of the total number of nodes is 390, and the value range of the proportion of consensus nodes is between 0.13 and 0.56.

关键词： Blockchains Cognitive radio Low latency communication Mobile computing

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Ontological View-driven Intensional Semantic Integration for information systems in a Decentralized Environment 14

Ontological View-driven Intensional Semantic Integration for...

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14th International Conference on Knowledge engineering and Ontology Development, KEOD 2022 as part of 14th International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge engineering and Knowledge Management, IC3K 2022

作者： Ali Adhnouss, Fateh Mohamed Ali El-Asfour, Husam M. McIsaac, Kenneth El-Feghia, Idris Aburukba, Raafat Wahaishi, Abdulmutalib Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Western London Canada Faculty of Information Technology Misurata University Libya Department of Computer Science and Engineering American University of Sharjah Sharjah United Arab Emirates Software Engineering Rochester Institute of Technology New York United States

ISBN: (纸本)9789897586149

Ontologies are an essential component of semantic integration approaches for information systems . In a decentralized environment, each specification of the domain reflects an Ontological view. However, the semantics characterization of information systems in such decentralized environment poses a significant issue related to their integration. information systems are viewed as independent intensional entities with their own beliefs, distinct from those held by others. Such autonomy is distorted by traditional extensional semantics. Other entities’ beliefs are introduced into a given entity, thus affecting their beliefs. Additionally, the information that one entity provides to another entity may not be consistent with the information known by the latter. We need an alternative semantics for information integration, which is not dependent on the extension, but rather on the underlying conceptualization. This paper proposes a classification of the environment where the information systems lives and a novel modelling paradigm for information integration using intensional logic to model the ontological views. The model comprises a formal modeling approach for the conceptualization as well as for the semantic integration process. Copyright © 2022 by SCITEPRESS – science and Technology Publications, Lda. All rights reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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