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IT and Industrial Technologies (ICIT), International Conference on

作者： Attia Shabbir Asad Majeed Mahnoor Iftikhar Raja Hashim Ali Usama Arshad Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir Ali Zeeshan Ijaz Nisar Ali Ali Aftab Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering GIK Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Topi Pakistan Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin Germany Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering & Technology (UET) Lahore Pakistan Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina Canada

Sorting and searching are critical processes for effecttive data analysis. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of various sorting and searching algorithms and compare their time and space complexities on both sorted and unsorted data. The algorithms we analyzed include six common sorting algorithms (insertion, radix, bucket, merge, bubble, and quick sort) and three search algorithms (linear, binary, and jump search). The results of our study provide insights into the best algorithms to use for different input sizes and types of data. It was found that for small input sizes, all algorithms perform similarly, but for larger input sizes, insertion and radix sorts are better for time complexity while bubble sort is better for space complexity. Additionally, jump search outperformed linear and binary search algorithms in both time and space complexity. Besides, difference between time and space complexity of sorted and unsorted data was significant.

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Lightweight Task-Oriented Semantic Communication Empowered by Large-Scale AI Models

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Liu, Chuanhong Guo, Caili Yang, Yang Chen, Mingzhe Quek, Tony Q. S. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Key Laboratory of Network System Architecture and Convergence School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications Beijing Laboratory of Advanced Information Networks School of Information and Communication Engineering Beijing100876 China University of Miami Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Institute for Data Science and Computing Coral GablesFL United States Singapore University of Technology and Design Dept. of Information Systems Technology and Design 487372 Singapore

Recent studies have focused on leveraging large-scale artificial intelligence (LAI) models to improve semantic representation and compression capabilities. However, the substantial computational demands of LAI models pose significant challenges for real-time communication scenarios. To address this, this paper proposes utilizing knowledge distillation (KD) techniques to extract and condense knowledge from LAI models, effectively reducing model complexity and computation latency. Nevertheless, the inherent complexity of LAI models leads to prolonged inference times during distillation, while their lack of channel awareness compromises the distillation performance. These limitations make standard KD methods unsuitable for task-oriented semantic communication scenarios. To address these issues, we propose a fast distillation method featuring a pre-stored compression mechanism that eliminates the need for repetitive inference, significantly improving efficiency. Furthermore, a channel adaptive module is incorporated to dynamically adjust the transmitted semantic information based on varying channel conditions, enhancing communication reliability and adaptability. In addition, an information bottleneck-based loss function is derived to guide the fast distillation process. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme outperform baselines in term of task accuracy, model size, computation latency, and training data requirements. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： NP-hard

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Intelligent System for Crime and Insecurity Management

Intelligent System for Crime and Insecurity Management

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Multidisciplinary engineering and Applied science (ICMEAS), International Conference on

作者： Wilson Nwankwo Kingsley C. Ukaoha Eti Friday Irikefe Ovilli Peter Duke Oghorodi Esemena Jeroh Okpu Okpomo Eterighoi Edafe John Atajeromavwo Oyewale Mojeed Adebowale Ubrurhe Ogheneochuko Department of Cyber Security Delta State University of Science & Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Computer Science Pan Atlantic University Lekki Nigeria Department of Information Systems & Technology Delta State University of Science & Technology Ozoro Nigeria Dept. of Information Technology Delta State University of Science & Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Computer Science Delta State University of Science & Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Library and Information Science Delta State University of Science & Technology Ozoro Nigeria Dept. of Cyber Security Delta State University of Science & Technology Ozoro Nigeria Department of Software Engining Delta State University of Science & Technology Ozoro Nigeria

ISBN: (数字)9798350358834

ISBN: (纸本)9798350358841

As the global law enforcement workforce faces unprecedented challenges such as declining numbers and shifting demographics, the need for innovative solutions to manage crime and insecurity is becoming increasingly critical. This paper presents a multifaceted approach aimed at harnessing the power of intelligent systems to address the complex and evolving landscape of crime in societies with diminishing Police workforce in Nigeria. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the demographic shifts leading to a declining workforce and their far-reaching implications on crime rates, public safety, and law enforcement resources. It underscores the urgency of adapting to this new reality and the need for intelligent systems to assist in this endeavor. The paper adopts the object-oriented methodology in the design and development of an intelligent system tailored for crime management and insecurity mitigation. Drawing from the fields of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and data analytics, this system employs cutting-edge techniques for predictive policing, resource allocation optimization, and risk assessment. It integrates data from various sources, including crime statistics, demographic data, economic indicators, and social media sentiment analysis, to provide a holistic understanding of the crime landscape. Furthermore, this paper emphasizes the ethical considerations and safeguards built into the intelligent system to prevent bias, discrimination, and privacy infringements. It discusses the importance of transparency, accountability, and community engagement in the deployment and operation of such systems. The study also highlights real-world case studies and pilot implementations of the intelligent system in select regions facing workforce decline. It showcases how the system has contributed to more efficient law enforcement practices, reduced response times, and enhanced crime prevention strategies. The paper outlines a roadmap for future research, emp

关键词： Ethics Law enforcement Social networking (online) Sociology Time factors Intelligent systems Statistics

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Heart Failure: Machine Learning Prediction Within a 5-Year Framework

Heart Failure: Machine Learning Prediction Within a 5-Year F...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Konstantina-Helen Tsarapatsani Vasilios D. Tsakanikas Antonis Sakellarios Hans J. Trampisch Efterpi Karapintzou Henrik Rudolf George K. Matsopoulos Dimitrios I. Fotiadis Biomedical Research Institute Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas Ioannina Greece Department of Medical Informatics Biometry and Epidemiology Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems University of Ioannina Greece Institute for Biostatistics and Informatics in Medicine and Ageing Research University Medical Center Rostock Germany School of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Technical University of Athens Athens Greeece Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems University of Ioannina and Biomedical Research Institute-FORTH Ioannina Greece

ISBN: (数字)9798331518622

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518639

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome that is affected by many factors and causes. It is crucial to early recognize the disease subtypes and the unidentified clinical pathways that give rise to it. Machine learning (ML) is the tool that assist to deal with these challenges and improve the prediction of HF. In this work, the HF risk prediction was implemented by employed ML classifiers, such as Random Forest (RF), Extreme Grading Boosting (XGBoost) and Light Gradient-Boosting Machine (LGBM). We utilized the data from the German epidemiological trial on ankle brachial index - getABI cohort, which includes 6,454 patients. The performance of classifiers was estimated by Accuracy (ACC), Sensitivity, Specificity and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in mean values for each ML classifier. The results were also interpreted using the Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach, the Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values. Our work reveals that LGBM classifier predict the HF risk within 5 years follow-up in general population with 68 % accuracy. Moreover, the N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) was identified as the most important feature for HF risk prediction.

关键词： Accuracy Sensitivity Explainable AI Biological system modeling Peptides Receivers Predictive models Indexes Cardiovascular diseases Random forests

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Decoding the Obfuscated: Advanced NER Techniques on Commercial Sex Advertisement Data

Decoding the Obfuscated: Advanced NER Techniques on Commerci...

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International Conference on Computational science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI)

作者： Alejandro Rodriguez Perez Pablo Rivas Javier Turek Korn Sooksatra Ernesto Quevedo Gisela Bichler Tomas Cerny Laurie Giddens Stacie Petter Dept. of Computer Science School of Eng. & Computer Science Baylor University Human-Robot Collaboration Lab Intelligent Systems Research Intel Labs School of Criminology & Criminal Justice California State University San Bernardino Dept. of Systems and Industrial Eng. College of Engineering The University of Arizona Information Tech. & Decisions Sci. Dept. G. Brint Ryan College of Business University of North Texas School of Business Wake Forest University

ISBN: (数字)9798350361513

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372304

Detecting potential human trafficking activity within online Commercial Sex Advertisements (CSAs) presents unique challenges for Named Entity Recognition (NER) due to the complex and often obfuscated textual content. This paper thoroughly evaluates state-of-the-art language models and tokenization techniques, focusing on their efficacy in the NER task within the context of CSAs. Our results indicate that the Longformer model, equipped with byte-level BPE tokenization, outperforms other models regarding precision, recall, and the $F$ 1 score. The study also uncovers specific areas for improvement, offering avenues for future research. Our findings have significant implications for the automated analysis and monitoring of CSAs for suspected human trafficking activity, which contributes to developing more robust and transparent online ecosystems.

关键词： Adaptation models Biological system modeling Focusing Named entity recognition Tokenization Data models Web sites

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Exploiting Partial Observability and Optimized Simple State Representations in Deep Q-Learning

Exploiting Partial Observability and Optimized Simple State ...

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Frontiers of information Technology (FIT)

作者： Danyaal Mahmood Usama Arshad Raja Hashim Ali Zain Ul Abideen Muhammad Huzaifa Shah Talha Ali Khan Ali Zeeshan Ijaz Nisar Ali Abu Bakar Siddique Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering GIK Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Topi Pakistan Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina Canada

The advent of deep Q-learning has opened up new possibilities in training autonomous agents to perform intelligently in intricate settings. This research work examines the potential of deep Q-learning in the paradigmatic Snake game, which requires an agent to navigate a grid, ingest food items, and avoid collisions. We incorporated a partially observable game state, introducing a novel level of difficulty to the task. Our proposed approach utilizes a straightforward feed-forward neural network to estimate Q-values of potential actions, given the current state. The agent progressively learns to balance between exploration and exploitation, allowing it to navigate optimally in the game scenario. Most existing studies in deep Q-learning for the Snake game overlook the complexities posed by partial observability, focusing mainly on fully observable state representations. Furthermore, the majority of the investigations delve into the efficacy of complex neural network architectures, leaving a gap in the understanding of the performance of more simplistic feed-forward networks. Our study fills this gap by offering an in-dept. exploration and analysis of deep Q-learning strategies, especially when applied to partially observable game states and simple neural networks. Simulations and results reveal that adopting simpler state representations can significantly boost the agent’s performance in the Snake game. A more detailed and intricate reward function is also observed to enhance the agent’s decision-making skills and overall proficiency in the game. These observations underscore the significance of optimizing state representations and reward functions for maximizing the performance of deep Q-learning agents in the Snake game.

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Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algorithm-driven Feature Selection

Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algori...

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IT and Industrial Technologies (ICIT), International Conference on

作者： Fatima Faridoon Raja Hashim Ali Zain Ul Abideen Nazia Shahzadi Ali Zeeshan Ijaz Usama Arshad Nisar Ali Muhammad Imad Said Nabi Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering GIK Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Topi Pakistan Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina Canada

PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder frequently found in women of reproductive age having a significant impact on the cause of infertility. It is an endocrine condition characterized by abnormalities in female hormone levels and aberrant synthesis of male hormones. This syndrome causes ovarian malfunction, increasing the risk of miscarriage and infertility. PCOS has a wide range of symptoms, making a diagnosis difficult. In this study, we proposed a feature selection method based on genetic algorithm with logistic regression to increase the accuracy of early diagnosis. A dataset containing the clinical and biochemical characteristics of 109 patients, including 36 with PCOS, is used. The genetic algorithm is used to extract the most important features from the dataset. Then, a logistic regression model is used for classification. The proposed model outperformed the baseline model that used all features, which had an accuracy of 86.2%, and produced a markedly improved accuracy of 95.4%. These results show that the proposed model effectively locates key characteristics for PCOS diagnosis.

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Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detection models for NSL-KDD data sets

Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detecti...

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IT and Industrial Technologies (ICIT), International Conference on

作者： Muhammad Huzaifa Shah Muhammad Abu Bakar Raja Hashim Ali Zain Ul Abideen Usama Arshad Ali Zeeshan Ijaz Nisar Ali Muhammad Imad Said Nabi Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering GIK Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Topi Pakistan Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering University of Europe for Applied Sciences Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering University of Regina Regina Canada

This study investigates the application of the Mutual information (MI) feature selection technique to improve the accuracy of Machine Learning (ML) models on NSL-KDD datasets, building upon prior research. Six ML models, namely Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with different kernels (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), are implemented for classification purposes. The proposed DT model in this study shows higher accuracy than the DT model proposed in the original paper by Ingre et al. for Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Additionally, a multi-class classification model for NSL-KDD datasets is developed, considering both normalized and non-normalized features. Interestingly, it is observed that the models trained without normalized features achieve higher accuracies compared to those trained with normalized features. Moreover, the study enhances the classification performance of the DT-based IDS using the Correlation based Feature Selection (CFS) technique for feature selection. The proposed IDS is evaluated both before and after feature selection for multi-class classification (normal and various attack types) and binary classification (normal and abnormal data).

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Mitigating Epilepsy by Stabilizing Linear Fractional-Order systems

Mitigating Epilepsy by Stabilizing Linear Fractional-Order S...

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American Control Conference (ACC)

作者： Emily A. Reed Guilherme Ramos Paul Bogdan Sérgio Pequito Ming Hsieh Electrical and Computer Engineering Department University of Southern California USA Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Instituto Superior Técnico University of Lisbon Portugal and Instituto de Telecomunicações Lisbon Portugal Department of Information Technology Division of Systems and Control Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden

Epilepsy affects approximately 50 million people worldwide. Despite its prevalence, the recurrence of seizures can be mitigated only 70% of the time through medication. Furthermore, surgery success rates range from 30% - 70% because of our limited understanding of how a seizure starts. However, one leading hypothesis suggests that a seizure starts because of a critical transition due to an instability. Unfortunately, we lack a meaningful way to quantify this notion that would allow physicians to not only better predict seizures but also to mitigate them. Hence, in this paper, we develop a method to not only characterize the instability of seizures but also to leverage these conditions to stabilize the system underlying these seizures. Remarkably, evidence suggests that such critical transitions are associated with long-term memory dynamics, which can be captured by considering linear fractional-order systems. Subsequently, we provide for the first time tractable necessary and sufficient conditions for the global asymptotic stability of discrete-time linear fractional-order systems. Next, we propose a method to obtain a stabilizing control strategy for these systems using linear matrix inequalities. Finally, we apply our methodology to a real-world epileptic patient dataset to provide insight into mitigating epilepsy and designing future cyber-neural systems.

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Robust Heart Disease Prediction: A Hybrid Approach to Feature Selection and Model Building

Robust Heart Disease Prediction: A Hybrid Approach to Featur...

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Ubiquitous Computing and Intelligent information systems (ICUIS), International Conference on

作者： Chandra Shikhi Kodete Vikram Pasupuleti Bharadwaj Thuraka Varun Varma Sangaraju N S Koti Mani Kumar Tirumanadham Vahiduddin Shariff School of Technology Eastern Illinois University Charleston IL USA School of Computer Science and Information Systems Northwest Missouri State University Maryville MO USA University of the Cumberlands Williamsburg KY USA Dept. of CSE Sir C R Reddy College of Engineering Eluru India

ISBN: (数字)9798331529635

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529642

This research work integrates advanced data preparation methods and advanced modelling approaches to offer a complete approach for creating a predictive model for heart disease. Data cleansing starts the procedure in order to fix disparities and manage missing values, thereby guaranteeing the dependability and accuracy of the dataset. By producing synthetic samples for the minority class, the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE) solves class imbalances and improves the accuracy of the model to forecast minority class occurrences. The z-score approach helps to control outliers thereby preventing distortion in the study. Using a hybrid Filter-Recursive Feature Elimination (FRFE) approach-which combines filter and wrapper techniques to find the most pertinent features, therefore lowering multicollinearity and boosting model performance-feature selection is accomplished. Important characteristics found are age, kind of chest discomfort, maximal heart rate attained, ST depression brought on by exercise, and fluoroscopy-induced coloration of several major arteries. Using AdaBoost, an ensemble learning technique combining several weak classifiers to create a strong one, the improved dataset is utilised to develop a predictive model. The resultant model shows great accuracy (93%), precision (93%), recall (94%), and an amazing ROC AUC score (0.98), therefore highlighting its potential use in healthcare environments and heart disease prediction ability.

关键词： Heart Accuracy Medical services Predictive models Feature extraction Ubiquitous computing Data models Reliability Usability Diseases

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