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Proceedings - 2004 IEEE International Conference on Mobile Data Management, MDM 2004

作者： Cai, Ying Hua, Kien A. Cao, Guohong Department of Computer Science Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 United States Computer Science Program SEECS Univeristy of Central Florida Orlando FL 32816 United States Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802-6106 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769520707

We consider in this paper how to leverage heterogeneous mobile computing capability for efficient processing of real-time range-monitoring queries. In our environment, each mobile object is associated with a resident domain and when an object moves, it monitors its spatial relationship with its resident domain and the monitoring areas inside it. An object reports its location to server whenever its movement affects any query results (i.e., crossing any query boundaries) or it moves out of its resident domain. In the first case, the server updates the affected query results accordingly while in the second case, the server determines a new resident domain for the object. This distributive approach is able to provide accurate query results and real-time monitoring updates with minimal location update and server processing costs. In addition, the new scheme allows a mobile object to negotiate a resident domain based on its computing capability. Thus, a more capable object can have a larger resident domain reducing its chance of having to request a new resident domain because of moving out of it. This feature makes the new approach highly adaptive to the heterogeneity of mobile objects. In our performance study, we compare it with an existing approach using simulation. The study shows that the new technique is many times better in reducing mobile communication and server processing costs.

关键词： Mobile computing

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A nanoscale approach to stamp fabrication in hard materials using high intensity ultrafast lasers

A nanoscale approach to stamp fabrication in hard materials ...

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2003 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： McDonald, Joel P. Picard, Yoosuf N. Yalisove, Steven M. Liu, Hsiao-Hua Blaszczak, Joseph Guo, Lingji J. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2176 United States Center for Ultrafast Optical Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2099 United States Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-1120 United States Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-2122

Nanomorphing with ultrafast lasers may have a significant role in direct write stamp production. Surface conditions play a critical role in the ablative properties of materials. We have conducted femtosecond laser (pulse duration;120 fs, wavelength;780 nm) threshold studies of silicon with the native oxide and silicon with atomically clean surfaces in an ultra-high vacuum environment. We have discovered that a -1.5 nm thick oxide layer can alter the ablation threshold of Si (100) by 25 ± 5%. Additionally, our work has shown that collateral damage can be controlled on the nanoscale. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of femtosecond laser machined holes in Si (100) show that collateral damage extends only 10 nm from the edge. © 2004 Materials Research Society.

关键词： Ultrafast phenomena

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An empirical exploration of phase resetting for robust biped locomotion with dynamical movement primitives

An empirical exploration of phase resetting for robust biped...

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IEEE International Workshop on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)

作者： J. Nakanishi J. Morimoto G. Endo G. Cheng S. Schaal M. Kawato ICORP Japan Science and Technology Agency Kyoto Japan ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories Kyoto Japan Sony Corporation Tokyo Japan Dept. of Computer Science and Neuroscience University of Southern California Los Angeles USA

We propose a framework for learning biped locomotion using dynamical movement primitives based on nonlinear oscillators. In our previous work, we suggested dynamical movement primitives as a central pattern generator (CPG) to learn biped locomotion from demonstration. We introduced an adaptation algorithm for the frequency of the oscillators based on phase resetting at the instance of heel strike and entrainment between the phase oscillator and mechanical system using feedback from the environment. In this paper, we empirically explore the role of phase resetting in the proposed algorithm for robust biped locomotion. We demonstrate that phase resetting contributes to robustness against external perturbations and environmental changes by numerical simulations and experiments with a physical biped robot.

关键词： Robustness Legged locomotion Oscillators Robots Frequency Numerical simulation Humans Biological information theory Mechanical systems Encoding

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A five-year followup of hand function and activities of daily living in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)

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Journal of Hand Therapy 2004年第4期17卷 407-411页

作者： Poole, Janet L. Watzlaf, Valerie J.M. Depts. of Orthopaedics and Rehab. Occup. Therapy Graduate Program Univ. New Mex. Albuquerque New M. United States Dept. of Hlth. Info. Management Sch. of Hlth. and Rehab. Sciences Univ. Pittsburgh Pittsburgh P. United States Dept. of Math. and Computer Science Duquesne University Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States Occup. Therapy Graduate Program Dept. Orthopaedics Rehab. Univ. N. MSC 09 5240 Albuquerque N. United States

The purpose of this study was to identify hand factors that change over a five-year period that may be risk factors for the development of functional disability in persons with systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). Sixty individuals with scleroderma were administered assessments of grip and pinch strength, joint range of motion, and pain, and were observed for the presence of digital ulcers, digital scars, calcium deposits, puffy fingers, and tendon friction rubs. Matched-pairs chi square analyses and Fisher's exact tests were performed to compare variables at year 1 and five years later. Grip and pinch strength increased as did joint motion except for the wrist and thumb carpometacarpal joint. There were also significant increases in the presence of scars, friction rubs, calcium deposits, and puffy fingers. Regression analysis was done to determine which variables predicted functional ability. Only puffy fingers predicted functional disability. In conclusion, hand impairment persisted over time while functional ability decreased.

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Transistor characteristics of thermal CVD carbon nanotubes field emission triode

Transistor characteristics of thermal CVD carbon nanotubes f...

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International Conference on Vacuum Nanoelectronics (IVNC)

作者： Y.M. Wong W.P. Kang J.L. Davidson W. Hofmeister S. Wei J.H. Huang Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN USA Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Material Science Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN USA Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering National Tsing Hua Univ. Hsinchu Taiwan ROC

In this paper, the study of thermal CVD grown CNT field emitters in a triode amplifier configuration is reported. The DC characteristics of the CNT triode are investigated, including I/sub a/ vs. V/sub a/ for different V/sub g/. Moreover, DC parameters such as transconductance, amplification factor and anode resistance of the triode amplifier are determined. It was shown that a higher amplification factor can be achieved with optimum gate-anode-cathode spacing such that the cathode is effectively shielded from the anode by the gate but the anode still collects all electrons emitted from the cathode. High emission current at low gate voltage is key to achieving high transconductance. This can be obtained by optimum configuration of high-density CNTs array in a triode structure with a common gate.

关键词： Carbon nanotubes Voltage Anodes Materials science and technology Current measurement Palladium Silicon Furnaces Temperature Cathodes

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Multiresolution image registration based on Kullback-Leibler distance

Multiresolution image registration based on Kullback-Leibler...

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Medical Image Computing and computer-Assisted Intervention, MICCAI 2004 - 7th International Conference, Proceedings

作者： Gan, Rui Wu, Jue Chung, Albert C.S. Yu, Simon C.H. Wells III, William M. Department of Computer Science Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Bioengineering Program School of Engineering Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hong Kong Hong Kong Dept. of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong Hong Kong Brigham and Women's Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States MIT CSAI Laboratory Cambridge MA United States

This paper extends our prior work on multi-modal image registration based on the a priori knowledge of the joint intensity distribution that we expect to obtain, and Kullback-Leibler distance. This expected joint distribution can be estimated from pre-aligned training images. Experimental results show that, as compared with the Mutual Information and Approximate Maximum Likelihood based registration methods, the new method has longer capture range at different image resolutions, which can lead to a more robust image registration method. Moreover, with a simple interpolation algorithm based on non-grid point random sampling, the proposed method can avoid interpolation artifacts at the low resolution registration. Finally, it is experimentally demonstrated that our method is applicable to a variety of imaging modalities. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2004.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Implementation of new services to support ubiquitous computing for campus life

Implementation of new services to support ubiquitous computi...

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IEEE Workshop on Software Technologies for Future Embedded Systems

作者： Tack-Don Han Cheolho Cheong Jae-Won Ann Jong-Young Kim Hyung-Min Yoon Chang-Su Lee Hyon-Gu Shin Young-Jin Lee Hyoung-Min Yook Myoung-Hoon Jeon Jung Soo Choi Joo-Hyeon Lee Young-Woo Sohn Yoon Su Baek Sang-Yong Lee Eun-Dong Shin WooShik Kang SeongWoon Kim Department of Computer Science Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Dept. of Computer Science Yonsei University Seodaemun-gu Seoul KR Dept. of Comput. Sci. Yonsei Univ. South Korea Department of Clothing & Textiles Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Dept. of Clothing & Textiles Graduate Program in Cognitive Science Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Graduate Program in Cognitive Science Department of Mechanical Engineering Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Department of Psychology Yonsei University Seoul South Korea Dept. of Psychology ColorZip Media Inc. Seoul South Korea Yonsei University ColorZip Media Inc. Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology Seoul South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)0769521231

Many new services have emerged to realize ubiquitous computing environments, owing to the increasing supply of mobile devices and more widespread Internet and wireless network facilities. We introduce the U-Campus (ubiquitous computing for campus) service. This study has been conducted through interdisciplinary research by four participating departments. The U-campus project is part of the UTOPIA project (Ubiquitous computing TOwn Project: Intelligent context Awareness), which covers town- and city-wide environments. Currently, a test bed for U-campus has been constructed to support various services suck as U-profile, U-messaging and U-campus tour guide services. Students, professors, school staffs, and campus visitors can easily access the various available campus services by using image-based sensors and mobile devices such as CDMA cellular phones or WiFi smart phones. The major purpose of this research is to provide a context-aware U-campus environment to users by utilizing sensors and mobile devices currently available in the public sector and the marketplace.

关键词： Ubiquitous computing Intelligent sensors Mobile computing IP networks Web and internet services Wireless networks Context awareness Testing Educational institutions Image sensors

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"Inviteful" engineering: Student perceptions of industrial engineering

"Inviteful" engineering: Student perceptions of industrial e...

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ASEE 2004 Annual Conference and Exposition, "Engineering Researchs New Heights"

作者： Trytten, Deborah A. Shehab, Randa L. Rhoads, Teri Reed Fleener, M. Jayne Harris, Betty J. Reynolds, Anne Walden, Susan E. Moore-Furneaux, Sandra Kay Kvach, Elizabeth Warram, Kim R. Murphy, Teri J. University of Oklahoma School of Computer Science University of Oklahoma Department of Industrial Engineering Human Technology Interaction Center University of Oklahoma College of Engineering School of Industrial Engineering University of Oklahoma Graduate Studies and Research College of Education Women's Studies Program Department of Anthropology University of Oklahoma Dept. of Instructional Leadership University of Oklahoma Res. Institute for STEM Education University of Oklahoma Department of Communication University of Oklahoma Department of Mathematics University of Oklahoma

Interviews of twenty-six Industrial Engineering students and graduates were conducted during the first year of a three year study of the unexpected attainment of gender parity in the School of Industrial Engineering at the University of Oklahoma (OU). An analysis of the pattern of participant responses gives insight into industrial engineering (IE) student perceptions of IE. The perceptions were grouped into three broad themes: Career Profile, Discipline Profile, and Discipline Meta-Profile. The Career Profile includes the availability of multiple career paths and flexible careers in this discipline in addition to the potential for the attainment of status through entry into management. People-oriented, broad, and systems-oriented are terms that were used to describe the Discipline Profile. Discipline Meta-Profile is used to describe the participant's perception of other people's perceptions of industrial engineering (i.e. what IE students think other people think). These participants felt that other engineers think of IE as easy, or "imaginary" engineering. The participants also thought that the discipline is invisible, even to other engineers. While the meta-perception of IE might seem to be problematic for the discipline, many of the participants reject the meta-perception. Some participants recognized that IE's focus on people and systems is simply different than other engineering disciplines, not necessarily easier. Other participants felt the potential to enter into management outweighed the discipline meta-perception. One student summarized the response particularly well when he noted that IE is "inviteful" engineering.

关键词： Engineering education

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Considerations for the future development of virtual technology as a rehabilitation tool

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Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation 2004年第1期1卷 13-13页

作者： Kenyon, Robert V. Leigh, Jason Keshner, Emily A. Electronic Visualization Lab. Department of Computer Science University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL United States Sensory Motor Performance Program Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago Chicago IL United States Dept. of Phys. Med. and Rehab. Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University Chicago IL United States

Background: Virtual environments (VE) are a powerful tool for various forms of rehabilitation. Coupling VE with high-speed networking [Tele-Immersion] that approaches speeds of 100 Gb/sec can greatly expand its influence in rehabilitation. Accordingly, these new networks will permit various peripherals attached to computers on this network to be connected and to act as fast as if connected to a local PC. This innovation may soon allow the development of previously unheard of networked rehabilitation systems. Rapid advances in this technology need to be coupled with an understanding of how human behavior is affected when immersed in the VE. Methods: This paper will discuss various forms of VE that are currently available for rehabilitation. The characteristic of these new networks and examine how such networks might be used for extending the rehabilitation clinic to remote areas will be explained. In addition, we will present data from an immersive dynamic virtual environment united with motion of a posture platform to record biomechanical and physiological responses to combined visual, vestibular, and proprioceptive inputs. A 6 degree-of-freedom force plate provides measurements of moments exerted on the base of support. Kinematic data from the head, trunk, and lower limb was collected using 3-D video motion analysis. Results: Our data suggest that when there is a confluence of meaningful inputs, neither vision, vestibular, or proprioceptive inputs are suppressed in healthy adults;the postural response is modulated by all existing sensory signals in a non-additive fashion. Individual perception of the sensory structure appears to be a significant component of the response to these protocols and underlies much of the observed response variability. Conclusion: The ability to provide new technology for rehabilitation services is emerging as an important option for clinicians and patients. The use of data mining software would help analyze the incoming data to provide b

关键词： Networking Rehabilitation Virtual Reality Field of View Complex Behaviors

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Genetics and drug use as a complex phenotype

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Substance Use and Misuse 2004年第1-12期39卷 1515-1569页

作者： Lessov, Christina N. Swan, Gary E. Ring, Huijun Z. Khroyan, Taline V. Lerman, Caryn Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA United States Dept. Psychiat./Abramson Cancer Ctr. University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Center for Health Sciences SRI International Menlo Park CA 94025 333 Ravenswood Ave. United States Behavioral Neuroscience Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR United States Department of Psychiatry Washington Univ. School of Medicine St. Louis MO United States State University of New York Stony Brook NY United States Molecular Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY United States Department of Psychology Behavioral Neuroscience Program Arizona State University United States Department of Psychiatry Psychobiology Division Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States NIH Tobacco Use Research Center Department of Psychiatry University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA United States Cancer Contr. and Population Science Abramson Cancer Center United States Clinical Psychology Department of Psychology University of Southern California United States

Drug use is a complex behavior influenced by multiple biological, family, and sociocultural factors. The concurrent use/misuse of multiple drugs is often seen and drug use also co-occurs with other psychiatric conditions. Behavior and molecular genetic studies support an important posited role of genes in drug use. This posited genetic risk does not appear to be conferred by one or two major genes manifesting large effects, but rather by a number of genes manifesting smaller effects. Genetic factors explain, on average, only about half of the total variability in drug use, with the remaining variability influenced by environmental factors. Also, genetic risk may be differentially expressed in the presence vs. absence of particular environmental conditions. Thus, investigation of environmental factors and their interaction with genetic risk is a necessary component of genetic research. While the full potential of genetic investigations for the prevention of drug misuse has yet to be realized, an example of the impact of risk factor modification under various conditions of gene-environment interaction is provided, and the implications for use of genetic information in drug-misuse prevention are discussed. The multifactorial nature of drug use necessitates coordinated investigation from multiple disciplines and timely dissemination of scientific findings. In addition, this work demands adherence to the highest standards of confidentiality and ethical use of genetic information to best inform future prevention efforts.

关键词： Gene-environment interaction Genetic risk Heritability Risk Risk factor modification

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