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Hybrid CNN-ViT architecture to exploit spatio-temporal feature for fire recognition trained through transfer learning

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4703-4732页

作者： Shahid, Mohammad Wang, Hong-Cyuan Chen, Yung-Yao Hua, Kai-Lung Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Dept. of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

Fires are becoming one of the major natural hazards that threaten the ecology, economy, human life and even more worldwide. Therefore, early fire detection systems are crucial to prevent fires from spreading out of control and causing destruction. Based on vision sensors, many fire detection techniques have evolved with the recent surge of curiosity in deep learning, which exploits the spatial features of individual images. However, fire can take different forms, scales, and combustion materials can produce different colors, making accurate fire detection from an image challenging. Small fires captured from long-distance cameras lack salient features, further complicating detection. This paper proposes a hybrid structure that uses attention-enhanced convolutional neural networks and vision transformers (CNN-ViT) to detect fire. The proposed CNN-ViT first pays spatial attention to every frame and then aggregates temporal contextual information from neighboring frames to improve detection performance. Due to the limited availability of training fire datasets, the study employs deep transfer learning for feature extraction using pre-trained CNN. We used various metrics to examine the efficacy of the proposed approach. The results showed that the CNN-ViT method outperformed previous models based on spatial-temporal characteristics by achieving a relative improvement in accuracy and F1 score. The satisfactory results on images contaminated with different intensities of noise confirm the robustness of the approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fires

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ChatGPT Tweets Sentiment Analysis Using Machine Learning and Data Classification

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第7期48卷 103-112页

作者： Sabir, Aliea Ali, Huda A. Aljabery, Maalim A. Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Computer Information System Dept. University of Basrah Basrah Iraq Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Computer Science Dept. University of Basrah Basrah Iraq

Many things, such as goods, products, and websites are evaluated based on user's notes and comments. One popular research project is sentiment analysis, which aims to extract information from notes and comments as a natural language processing (NLP) to understand and express emotions. In this study we analyzed the sentiment of ChatGPT labeled tweet datasets sourced from the Kaggle community using five Machine Learning (ML) algorithms;decision tree, KNN, Naïve Bayes, Logistic Regression, and SVM. We applied three feature extraction techniques: positive/negative frequency, a bag of words (count vector), and TF IDF. For each classification algorithm. The results were assessed using accuracy measures. Our experiments achieved an accuracy of 96.41% with the SVM classifier when using TF- IDF as a feature extraction technique. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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A Novel Identity Authentication Mechanism forUnmanned Maritime Vessels Communication Based on MITRE ATT&CK Framework

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Journal of Marine science and technology (Taiwan) 2024年第2期32卷 170-180页

作者： He, Jun-Xian Chang, Shih-Hao Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering Tamkang University New Taipei City Taiwan Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taipei University of Technology Taipei City Taiwan

With the development of the smart shipping industry, unmanned vessel technology is rapidly evolving, accompanied by a demand for robust Internet of Things (IoT) communication security practices. Key communication technologies for the operation of unmanned vessels include external vessel communication. One crucial aspect is the verification of the identities of the parties involved in these communication systems, as this ensures secure and trusted interactions between unmanned vessels and port management authorities. Identity authentication plays a vital role in ensuring the secure communication of unmanned vessels. This paper aims to analyze potential risks related to identity authentication technology in unmanned vessel communication systems. To effectively address these risks, we propose leveraging digital certificates and blockchain technology to achieve device non-repudiation and substitution. Based on this technology, we organize and implement defense strategies using the MITRE ATT&CK framework. This framework provides a comprehensive and systematic approach to understanding potential threats and designing appropriate defense measures. By utilizing this framework, security teams can better comprehend vulnerabilities and formulate effective countermeasures. To validate the effectiveness of the proposed defense framework, we conducted simulation experiments. These experiments helped us evaluate the efficiency and reliability of the strategies in real-world scenarios. Through these experiments, we could ascertain whether the countermeasures effectively mitigated the identified risks and ensured the secure communication of unmanned vessels. © 2024 National Taiwan Ocean University

关键词： Risk assessment

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A Novel Music Recommendation System Using Filtering Techniques

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第4期48卷 595-610页

作者： Vashishtha, Srishti Varshney, Deepika Sarin, Eva Kaur, Simran Computer Science and Engineering Dept. Bharati Vidyapeeth’s College of Engineering GGSIPU New Delhi India Computer Science and Engineering Dept. Jaypee Institute of Information Technology Noida India

With the growth of the World Wide Web, a large amount of music data is available on the Internet. A large number of people listen to music online rather than downloading and listening offline. But only some sites provide personalized and accurately recommended songs while they listen to an auto-playing playlist. Hence the need for recommendation systems arises. Two approaches can be applied to the recommendation system: content based filtering and collaborative filtering. While in content-based filtering approach, analysis on the songs’ content which has been preferred by the user in history is done and the songs with relative similarity are recommended. While latter suggests songs that certain users of similar listening pattern have preferred. But collaborative filtering-based recommendation systems not only requires time to attain stability but also might recommend unsuitable music because it is not personalized to each user’s preference. Also, the latter requires the songs to be listened by a few users already to recommend it any other user. Hence for overall analysis, answers to few questions need to be implemented in recommendation systems: the very first one is how the properties should be analyzed, next one is how the analysis should be done and last is how the songs related to the user’s preference should be chosen. So, for suggesting the better system which solves these three questions as well as provides better and personalized recommendations, In this paper we build a collaborative filtering as well as content based filtering recommendation system, where various factors determine the essence of the songs, i.e. liveliness, keys used, loudness, pitch, valence, etc., are analyzed for comparison. From the experimental analysis in has been identified that content-based filtering technique performed best on KNN machine learning classifier with accuracy of 85%. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Collaborative filtering

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AES-Based Steganography Using Blockchain: A Novel Approach for Secure Text Hiding in Encrypted Images

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第21期48卷 67-78页

作者： Salim, Batool Arif Aljabery, Maalim A. Younis, Hameed Abdulkareem Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Computer Science Dept. University of Basrah Basrah Iraq

Steganography is a technique used to hide data within other data, emerging from the realization that information is valuable and must be concealed. By considering the potential of blockchain technology, which produces and stores data in an immutable chain, it is clear that steganography can be effectively applied alongside blockchain to hide information. This approach eliminates the need for traditional hiding methods. In this study, we aim to hide text messages within encrypted images using a new steganography-based blockchain, making them appear as ordinary encrypted images. The AES algorithm in CBC mode was used to encrypt both images and texts. Each image was split into 32-byte blocks, with a special block allocated for text, allowing for a text size of 32 characters. The robustness of the proposed technique against differential attacks was assessed using unified averaged changed intensity (UACI), number of pixels change rate (NPCR), entropy analysis, and correlation analysis. The outcomes are 99.6221% for NPCR, 33.5886 for UACI, and 7.9992 for the entropy value. Both statistical measures and differential metrics confirm the algorithm's effectiveness. This shows that the proposed encryption method generates random images and secure texts that are resistant to differential attacks and offer a prominent level of security. © 2024 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： AES algorithm blockchain CBC mode correlation analysis entropy analysis NPCR secure texts steganography UACI

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An Integrated Framework with Enhanced Primitives for Post-Quantum Cryptography: HEDT and ECSIDH for Cloud Data Security and Key Exchange

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2025年第11期49卷 165-176页

作者： Ilias, Shaik Mohammad Sharmila, V. Ceronmani Durga, V. Sathya Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Information Technology Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India Department of Computer Science&Engineering Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science Chennai India

If adversaries were to obtain quantum computers in the future, their massive computing power would likely break existing security schemes. Since security is a continuous process, more substantial security schemes must be developed. Current PQC schemes primarily focus on data security or key exchange, and further improvement towards enhanced PQC primitives is required. Our proposal in this research is an innovative paradigm for PQC-focused cloud data security. The proposed HEDT approach achieves encryption and decryption with significantly lower latency (20% improvement) and higher reliability than AES, DES, and RSA, as demonstrated through experimental results. Furthermore, ECSIDH, a hybrid key exchange mechanism combining SIDH and ECDH, improves security strength by 50% while maintaining computational costs within 1.13x of SIDH. Compared to individual key exchange schemes like SIDH, ECSIDH offers superior security as a PQC candidate. These results confirm the robustness and efficiency of the proposed framework in ensuring secure data outsourcing and key exchange in cloud environments. © 2025 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Quantum computers

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Time series forecasting using transformer neural network

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International Journal of computers and Applications 2024年第10期46卷 880-888页

作者： Bhogade, Vaibhav Nithya, B. Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli India

Time series forecasting is a vital component of data science, giving essential insights that help decision-makers to predict future trends across a number of sectors. This paper focuses on projecting complicated stock market price dynamics, weather data variations, and hourly traffic occupancy rates. The Informer-Based Time Series Forecasting (IBTSF) model, which employs a transformer-based architecture to capture long-term relationships and give probabilistic predictions, is *** model is assessed against Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) model to benchmark its performance. Simulation findings demonstrate that the IBTSF model considerably outperforms other models across all datasets. For traffic data, the IBTSF model achieves a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 10.1 and a Mean Absolute Scaled Error (MASE) of 1.69, compared to other model's larger mistakes. In stock data forecasting, the IBTSF model reports an MSE of 8.04 and a MASE of 1.53, again outperforming other models. Similarly, using meteorological data, the IBTSF model obtains an MSE of 86.12 and a MASE of 0.7, whereas other models fall short. These results underline the IBTSF model's resilience and accuracy in capturing subtle patterns and relationships within time series data, giving precise insights that benefit decision-making processes. © 2024 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： Prediction models

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A review on 3D image reconstruction on specific and generic objects

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2023年 80卷 2400-2405页

作者： Shalma, H. Selvaraj, P. Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai India Dept. of Information Technology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Kattankulathur Chennai India

With the emergence of various techniques involved in deep learning the researchers of computer vision tends to focus on the strategies such as object recognition and segmentation of image. This has inclined to accomplish the deep learning techniques in 3D reconstruction of both specific and generic objects. As the space for reconstruction of 3D images either in single or multi view has envisioned the researchers to concentrate on the available technologies used for reconstruction. With the available built in methods and technologies in deep learning, the performance of the proposed methods were reviewed and analyzed using several parameters. As the remaking of 2D images is still in the beginning stage, it is important to study the 3D shape representations, various network architecture, methodologies and approaches behind 3D reconstruction. In this work a review of deep learning methods for single or multiple RGB images of specific and generic object 3D reconstruction was done. Several methods and their importance were also discussed along with the challenges encountered and with further research directions. This paper critically analyzes the various 3D Shaped Representations, 3D Data Network Architectures, dept. Estimation methods, Multi View Representations and the Data Representation Techniques. © 2021

关键词： Object recognition

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Application of VGIS Digital Twin Platform for Enhanced Oilfield Disaster Management and Environmental Protection

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2024年第14期48卷 27-42页

作者： Alabbasi, Awab Aljabery, Maalim A. Bölük, Pınar Sarısaray Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. Bahcesehir University Istanbul34353 Turkey Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Computer Science Dept. University of Basrah Basrah61004 Iraq Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Software Engineering Dept. Bahçeşehir University Istanbul34353 Turkey

VGIS (Virtual Geographic information System) Platform is a unified oilfield operations management platform based on MaaS (Management as a Service) that integrates advanced technologies such as AIoT (Artificial Intelligence & Internet of Things), GIS (Geographic information System), Digital Twin, and AR (Augmented Reality)/ VR (Virtual Reality). The VGIS platform connects, collects, integrates, analyses, and acts on disparate data sources to provide the oilfield with a centralized view to help make informed decisions fast, bring operational visibility across all assets to improve safety and operational efficiency, reduce costs and improve margins, provide comprehensive analytics and decision support, increase business agility, and reduce management complexity. This is a case study of the application of the VGIS platform Majnoon oilfield, Basrah, Iraq. VGIS digital transformation, production process, and KPIs (Key performance indicators) are highly managed taking oilfield management to a higher level globally, in this study, the objective is to address and resolve the issue of high costs associated with using cloud services by utilising a local Data Center (a large group of networked computer servers typically used by organizations for the remote storage, processing, or distribution of large amounts of data). This approach involves directly uploading 3D maps to ensure faster service on the intranet, eliminating the need to pay for cloud *** aims providing a platform for researching and implementing monitoring and controlling processes in a more convenient and remote manner. The vGIS platform has emerged as a crucial instrument in the realm of disaster response and crisis management. This technology enables responders to rapidly evaluate, analyse, and respond to crucial information in real-time. This research examined the application of vGIS technology in disaster response and analyse the potential advantages and obstacles associated with its utilisation. © 2

关键词： information management

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Fine-Tuning BERT for Aspect Extraction in Multi-domain ABSA

Informatica (Slovenia)

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Informatica (Slovenia) 2023年第9期47卷 123-131页

作者： Akram, Arwa Sabir, Aliea Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Computer Information System Dept. University of Basrah Basrah Iraq

Aspect extraction plays a crucial role in understanding the fine-grained nuances of text data, allowing businesses and researchers to gain deeper insights into customer opinions, sentiment distributions, and preferences. This study presents a BERT-based framework for aspect extraction in ABSA and evaluates its performance. Our research focuses on the comprehensive analysis of aspect extraction as we test our method using the SEMEVAL dataset of various consumer evaluations across diverse domains, including laptops, restaurants, and Twitter. By fine-tuning BERT on a large dataset, we aim to overcome the limitations of traditional approaches and improve the accuracy and efficiency of aspect extraction in ABSA. The experimental findings provide evidence of the efficacy of our methodology with a noteworthy aspect extraction accuracy of 0.98, highlighting its capacity to properly and consistently extract features. The article also explores the applicability of our approach to new domains and its possible applications in real-world scenarios. © 2023 Slovene Society Informatika. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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