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Electrical engineering (ICEENG), 12th International Conference on

作者： Khaled A. Ghorib Amr Abdelaziz Ahmed Fathy Darwesh Yahya Mohasseb Dept. of Communication Engineering Military Technical College Cairo Egypt Dept. of Computer Engineering Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350343427

ISBN: (纸本)9798350343434

Index modulation (IM) techniques have the potential to achieve better error performance, spectral efficiency (SE), and/or power efficiency (PE) enhancements for next-generation communications. In this paper, we study the generalized orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) index modulation (G-OFDM-IM) system whose subcarrier activation pattern is completely controlled by the information bits without the need for a predefined number of active subcarriers, the so-called free-form OFDM-IM. Although G-OFDM-IM promises better spectral efficiency, the variable length of data transmitted brings in error propagation as a main challenge in this system, which causes considerable performance degradation, especially in low SNR. In this paper, the SE, PE, and BER of this system are analyzed. Our analysis is supported by numerical simulation for the system performance compared to the conventional OFDM. With the effect of error propagation, it's found that the spectral efficiency of G-OFDM-IM decreases compared to OFDM for higher modulation orders under the same power constraint. Checking out how far the G-OFDM-IM system performance can go, correct indices detection is assumed to get the lower limit BER. The lower limit BER shows a great enhancement in BER by more than 3dB in the case of QPSK modulation and full power reallocation and, hence, the SE and/or PE can be enhanced. Taking one step forward, the indices bits are coded using LDPC to mitigate the effect of error propagation caused by incorrect indices detection. Depending on the code rate, the BER will eventually meet the BER lower limit at the expense of less SE.

关键词： Phase shift keying Spectral efficiency OFDM system performance Modulation Receivers Numerical simulation

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Narrow Beamforming in Non-Terrestrial 5G/6G Networks: Is it Possible?

Narrow Beamforming in Non-Terrestrial 5G/6G Networks: Is it ...

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communications and Networking (MECOM), IEEE Middle East Conference on

作者： Alaa A. R. Alsaeedy Edwin K. P. Chong Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Colorado State University Fort Collins USA Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering University of Al-Qadisiyah Diwaniyah Iraq

ISBN: (数字)9798350376715

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376722

This article explores beamforming in 5G/6G radio coverage, with a focus on satellite-based non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). It discusses the challenges of applying phased-array antenna technologies, which are vital for achieving narrow beamforming in both 5G/6G terrestrial networks (TNs) and NTNs. We highlight advancements in material technologies that enable the creation of compact and powerful massive Multi-Input Multi-Output (mMIMO) antennas, introducing nano-antenna arrays (e.g., $1024 \times 1024$ elements) that occupy $1 \mathrm{~mm}^{2}$ at terahertz frequencies ($1-10 \mathrm{THz}$). We also detail how applying mMIMO antenna arrays in space offers new potential for achieving narrow beamforming in satellite-based 5G/6G NTNs. We investigate the ongoing efforts in deploying such mMIMO in space to replicate the cellular radio coverage of TNs.

关键词： Satellite antennas Array signal processing Cellular radio Antenna arrays

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EVERYTHING YOU WANTED TO KNOW ABOUT CONSUMER LIGHT MANAGEMENT IN SMART ENERGY

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Mohanty, Prajnyajit Pati, Umesh C. Mahapatra, Kamalakanta Mohanty, Saraju P. Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela769008 India Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering University of North Texas United States

Consumer lighting plays a significant role in the development of smart cities and smart villages. With the advancement of (IoT) technology, smart lighting solutions have become more prevalent in residential areas as well. These solutions provide consumers with increased energy efficiency, added convenience, and improved security. On the other hand, the growing number of IoT devices has become a global concern due to the carbon footprint and carbon emissions associated with these devices. The overuse of batteries increases maintenance and cost to IoT devices and simultaneously possesses adverse environmental effects, ultimately exacerbating the pace of climate change. Therefore, in tandom with the principles of Industry 4.0, it has become crucial for manufacturing and research industries to prioritize sustainable measures adhering to smart energy as a prevention to the negative impacts. Consequently, it has undoubtedly garnered global interest from scientists, researchers, and industrialists to integrate state-of-the-art technologies in order to solve the current issues in consumer light management systems making it a complete sustainable, and smart solution for consumer lighting application. This manuscript provides a thorough investigation of various methods as well as techniques to design a state-of-the-art IoT-enabled consumer light management system. It critically reviews the existing works done in consumer light management systems, emphasizing the significant limitations and the need for sustainability. The top-down approach of developing sustainable computing frameworks for IoT-enabled consumer light management has been reviewed based on the multidisciplinary technologies involved and state-of-the-art works in the respective domains. Lastly, this article concludes by highlighting possible avenues for future research. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Smart manufacturing

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What You See is Not What the Network Infers: Detecting Adversarial Examples Based on Semantic Contradiction 29

What You See is Not What the Network Infers: Detecting Adver...

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29th Annual Network and Distributed system Security Symposium, NDSS 2022

作者： Yang, Yijun Gao, Ruiyuan Li, Yu Lai, Qiuxia Xu, Qiang Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong State Key Laboratory of Media Convergence and Communication Communication University of China Beijing China

ISBN: (纸本)1891562746

Adversarial examples (AEs) pose severe threats to the applications of deep neural networks (DNNs) to safety-critical domains, e.g., autonomous driving. While there has been a vast body of AE defense solutions, to the best of our knowledge, they all suffer from some weaknesses, e.g., defending against only a subset of AEs or causing a relatively high accuracy loss for legitimate inputs. Moreover, most existing solutions cannot defend against adaptive attacks, wherein attackers are knowledgeable about the defense mechanisms and craft AEs accordingly. In this paper, we propose a novel AE detection framework based on the very nature of AEs, i.e., their semantic information is inconsistent with the discriminative features extracted by the target DNN model. To be specific, the proposed solution, namely ContraNet1, models such contradiction by first taking both the input and the inference result to a generator to obtain a synthetic output and then comparing it against the original input. For legitimate inputs that are correctly inferred, the synthetic output tries to reconstruct the input. On the contrary, for AEs, instead of reconstructing the input, the synthetic output would be created to conform to the wrong label whenever possible. Consequently, by measuring the distance between the input and the synthetic output with metric learning, we can differentiate AEs from legitimate inputs. We perform comprehensive evaluations under various AE attack scenarios, and experimental results show that ContraNet outperforms existing solutions by a large margin, especially under adaptive attacks. Moreover, our analysis shows that successful AEs that can bypass ContraNet tend to have much-weakened adversarial semantics. We have also shown that ContraNet can be easily combined with adversarial training techniques to achieve further improved AE defense capabilities. © 2022 29th Annual Network and Distributed system Security Symposium, NDSS 2022. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Semantics

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Impact of Quaternary Pumped Storage Hydropower on Frequency Response of U.S. Western Interconnection with High Renewable Penetrations

Impact of Quaternary Pumped Storage Hydropower on Frequency ...

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2022 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PESGM 2022

作者： Nag, Soumyadeep Dong, Zerui Tan, Jin Kim, Jinho Muljadi, Eduard Lee, Kwang Y. Jacobson, Mark Power System Engineering Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO United States Baylor University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering WacoTX United States Auburn University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering AuburnAL United States

ISBN: (数字)9781665408233

ISBN: (纸本)9781665408233

As renewable penetrations increase in the United States, maintaining the stability and reliability of low-inertia power grids by providing sufficient frequency control capabilities becomes a challenge. Advanced pumped storage hydropower (A-PSH) technologies will be expected to play an essential role in the future grid to provide energy and ancillary services. This paper studies the impact of using quaternary pumped storage hydropower (Q-PSH) as a newly proposed A-PSH technology to provide primary frequency response. To quantify the impact of Q-PSH on the frequency response of the U.S. Western Interconnection, a user-defined dynamic model of Q-PSH is developed in the GE Positive Sequence Load Flow (PSLF) software and is implemented in a set of detailed U.S. Western Electricity Coordinating Council planning cases, in which renewable penetration levels are 20%, 40%, 60%, and 80%. Simulation results show that Q-PSH can help improve the frequency nadir and the settling frequency compared to conventional PSH. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency response

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Generalized Index Modulation system and Application for Satellite communications

Generalized Index Modulation System and Application for Sate...

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Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES)

作者： Khaled A. Ghorib Amr Abdelaziz Ahmed F. Darwesh Yahya Mohasseb Dept. of Communication Engineering Military Technical College Cairo Egypt Dept. of Computer Engineering Arab Academy for Science Technology and Maritime Transport Cairo Egypt

ISBN: (数字)9798350378511

ISBN: (纸本)9798350378528

The generalized index modulation (G-IM) technique provides an improvement in bit error rate (BER), spectral efficiency (SE), and/or energy efficiency (EE) over traditional digital modulation schemes. However, G-IM techniques suffer from the propagation of errors due to the incorrect detection of indices for higher modulation order (M > 4). To alleviate the risk of error propagation, the enhancement of the correct indices detection probability is a crucial requirement for G-IM systems. This paper presents an error propagation-free generalized index modulation (G-IM) system with adaptive coding modulation in which the indices bits are coded independently on the information bits. The main focus of this study is to derive a quantitative relation between the target system BER and the required indices error rate and, hence, to derive the overall system error probability. In particular, an analytical total BER formula for the error propagation-free G-IM system is provided and compared to the total BER of the classical counterpart modulation techniques. Hence, a direct relationship between the BER of index bits and the ordinary modulation BER is represented, providing an approximate threshold after which the target BER of the G-IM system outperforms the traditional modulation techniques. To validate our established results, the G-IM system with low density parity check code with binary phase shift keying modulation technique (LDPC-BPSK), as a simple satellite coding-modulation scheme which is used in satellite digital video broadcasting TV (DVB-T2) and deep-space communications, is described as a possible direct application for the G-IM system. once the index BER exceeds the threshold, the LDPC-BPSK modulated G-IM system significantly outperforms the classical BPSK modulation while keeping the same EE or SE yet on the expense of added encoder complexity. Moreover, once the index error tends to the zero point, the total G-IM BER reaches its lower limit, a 3 dB gain, thanks t

关键词： Technological innovation TV Spectral efficiency Bit error rate Satellite broadcasting Modulation Binary phase shift keying Indexes Digital video broadcasting Adaptive coding

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Enhancing Network Lifetime of WSNs through the Implementation of a Modified Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm

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Procedia computer Science 2023年 230卷 368-376页

作者： Malathi Murugesan Kanimozhi R Dharani K G Devi D Assoc. Professor Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering E. G. S. Pillay Engineering College Nagapattinam - 611002 Asst. Professor Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Bharathiyar Institute of Engineering for Women Deviyakurichi Assoc. Professor Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering Akshaya College of Engineering & Technology Coimbatore Asst. Professor Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering Sri Krishna College of Engineering and Technology

Energy efficient routing has been the mainstay of research in wireless sensor networks. With rising utility of WSNs in a broad range of applications, a significant volume of research contributions are targeted towards obtaining an energy efficient routing with a good quality of service (QoS) metric. In recent times, the utility of evolutionary algorithm for such multi-objective problems has been on the rising trend as evolutionary models closely mimic the real time scenario of any problem optimization. In this research work, a modified ant colony optimization (M-ACO) has been proposed and implemented for optimization in terms of energy conservation and thereby to extend the network lifetime of the network

关键词： WSN Intelligent Routing Energy Efficiency Modified Ant Colony Optimization Hierarchical protocols

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PyLoomer - The Automated Weaving of Python Text

PyLoomer - The Automated Weaving of Python Text

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Device Intelligence, Computing and communication Technologies, (DICCT), International Conference on

作者： Anuj Sahani Rishikesh Bhupendra Trivedi Tushar Singh Somya R. Goyal Dept. of Mechnical Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan India Dept. of Computer and Communication Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Jaipur Rajasthan India

ISBN: (数字)9798350372847

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372854

The introduction of attention mechanisms has evolved NLP methodologies, giving rise to Large Language Models (LLMs) that excel in various sequence-to-sequence tasks like translation, question-answering, summarization, intent, and entity classification. This research focuses on text to code translation, converting human language into executable code. Code generating bots enhances the quality and efficiency of developers and facilitates to tackle the repetitive or simple tasks. A novel and clever fusion of Python Code and the creative ability of Large Language Models to generate text is proposed in this paper named PyLoomer. PyLoomer is an innovative text-to-python code chatbot that bridges the gap between narrative expression and technical execution which uses attention mechanism. PyLoomer seeks to improve the performance of existing models for python code generation by using in-context learning and instruction fine-tuning. Rigorous evaluation metrices, including Rougel, Rouge2, RougeL, RougeLsum and model loss, demonstrated significant improvements in results. Results indicate that CodGen, among the three models, achieves the highest Rouge scores, demonstrating superior performance, the Rouge score improvements for Codegen, StarCoder and CodeParrot are 0.0224, 0.0097 and 0.0223 respectively.

关键词： Performance evaluation Codes Computational modeling Chatbots Weaving communications technology Task analysis

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Prediction of Irregular Bangladesh-EU Migration Trends Using Machine Learning Techniques

Prediction of Irregular Bangladesh-EU Migration Trends Using...

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International Conference on Advancement in Electrical and Electronic engineering (ICAEEE)

作者： Md. Shariful Islam Md Abdur Rahim Nitun Kumar Podder Md. Najmul Hossain Md Imran Hossain Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Pabna University of Scence and Technology Pabna Bangladesh Dept. of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Pabna University of Scence and Technology Pabna Bangladesh Dept. of Inormation and Communication Engineering Pabna University of Scence and Technology Pabna Bangladesh

ISBN: (数字)9798350388282

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388299

Remittances are important economic contributors to a countryâs economy. It has increased national savings, lowered foreign exchange limits, and helped balance payments and development budgets. Migrant workers are the main source of these remittance revenues. Many workers worldwide leave their homes and move to different parts of the world for overseas employment. These workers are authorized and have documentation of their country of origin and final destination. Besides, many workers have migrated illegally globally, particularly to European Union (EU) countries via marine routes. However, illegal immigration leads to a loss of national revenue due to non-payment of taxes and social security contributions and problems with living circumstances and legal issues. Therefore, this paper aims to present a time series forecast of irregular migrants in EU countries from Bangladesh over the next five years. We used five methods to analyze this forecasting: ARIMA (an autoregressive integrated moving average), XGBoost Series, Decision Tree, Feed Forward Neural Network, and CatBoost Regressor. In addition, we used data from the European Border and Coast Guard Agency to perform the time series forecast. A field intervention is carried out to assess the gender, age, education, socioeconomic level, and skill profile of migrant workers. Moreover, a few case studies of migrant workers and a survey were conducted to investigate the underlying causes of irregular migration. Finally, this study explains the underlying cause of irregular migration and its repercussions. It can provide some ideas for decreasing the loss of human life and property by reducing irregular migration to help take essential actions in the home and destination countries.

关键词： Analytical models Time series analysis Neural networks Education Europe Market research Data models

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Enhancing VANET Efficiency with ACRR Technique for Improved Traffic Management and Network Scalability

Enhancing VANET Efficiency with ACRR Technique for Improved ...

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Science, Technology, engineering and Management (ICSTEM), International Conference on

作者： K Karthick Praveen Talari Nishadevi V R Krishna Prakash R. Asokan Velusamy A Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology Trichy Tamilnadu Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan Bharathi institute of technology Hyderabad Telangana Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Mahendra College of Engineering Salem Tamilnadu Dept. of Information Technology Sona College of Technology Salem India Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology Trichy Tamilnadu

ISBN: (数字)9798350376913

ISBN: (纸本)9798350388473

The role of Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) is crucial in enabling Intelligent Transportation system (ITS) technologies such as safe financial transactions, media applications, and effective traffic control. As traffic increases, the topology of vehicular networks is in constant flux, and the sparse distribution of vehicles, particularly on highways, presents challenges for network scalability. This situation makes it difficult for cars to keep consistent routes inside the network, which affects the stability of the network. To address these challenges, the developed Adaptive-ant Colony based Randomized Recommendation (ACRR) technique emerges as a unique solution for enhancing VANETs by reducing travel time. In instances of high traffic density on busy roads, the ACRR algorithm is effectively utilized to group vehicles. Leveraging data collected from these densely populated road segments, the system identifies congestion-prone areas and formulates optimal vehicle routes based on customized vehicle groupings. The framework's performance evaluation encompasses various parameters, including packet loss, message transmission rate, energy consumption, and average cluster growth. The proposed VANET framework, empowered by the ACRR algorithm, achieves an impressive message transmission rate of approximately 80%. In comparison, alternative methods like Re-RouTE exhibit a limited transmission rate of 70%, while others such as Net Run Rate (NRR), DIVERT 30, and DIVERT-60 demonstrate rates below 20%. Furthermore, the framework's parcel loss is significantly reduced to only 33% of that observed in the standard VANET framework. As a result, the ACRR algorithm integrated into the VANET framework demonstrates notable efficiency when compared to other approaches. It is crucial to recognize that, even with a refined technique, managing traffic congestion remains challenging if drivers disregard the recommended routing suggestions. Overall, this research offers insights into the p

关键词： Performance evaluation Roads Scalability Vehicular ad hoc networks Clustering algorithms Packet loss Routing

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