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Heart Abnormality Detection Through Neural Network

Heart Abnormality Detection Through Neural Network

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2023 International Conference on Self Sustainable Artificial Intelligence Systems, ICSSAS 2023

作者： Sarada, B. Smitha Chowdary, Ch. Babu, Jampani Satish Kavitha, K. Dept. of Data Science Secunderabad India Koneru Lakshmiah Education Foundation Dept. of Cse Guntur India P.B.Siddhartha College of Arts and Science Dept. of Computer Science Vijayawada India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300857

This research study aims to develop an algorithm using phonocardiograms and Deep learning to differentiate between normal and abnormal heart sounds. The increase in cardiovascular diseases (CVD's), primarily caused by unhealthy habits, necessitates efficient diagnosis. The study utilized 1055 data samples, with 833 being normal and 182 abnormal, each lasting 5 seconds. Logistic regression and a three-layered neural network were initially applied, yielding accuracies of 42% and 63%, respectively. By extracting features using spectral roll-off and reapplying the models, accuracies improved to 79% and 86%. Up sampling the data further increased the accuracies to 86% for logistic regression and 89% for the three-layered neural network. The findings demonstrate the potential of audio-based algorithms in diagnosing cardiovascular diseases accurately. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Multilayer neural networks

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Wormhole Attack Detection in the Internet of Things using a Hybrid Deep Learning Model 3

Wormhole Attack Detection in the Internet of Things using a ...

引用

3rd International Conference on Intelligent data Communication Technologies and Internet of Things, IDCIoT 2025

作者： Geo Francis, E. Sheeja, S. Antony John, E.F. Joseph, Jismy Dept. of Computer Science Karpagam Academy of Higher Education Tamil Nadu Coimbatore India Dept. of Data Science Sri Krishna Adithya College of Arts and Science Tamil Nadu Coimbatore India Kerala Thrissur India Kerala Mala India

ISBN: (数字)9798331527549

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527549

Internet growth has led to widespread adoption and transmission of the IoT in numerous areas. From personal networks to industrial applications, healthcare to transportation, IoT is everywhere. Due to their widespread usage, attackers deploy sophisticated methods and software to infiltrate IoT networks. IoT devices' low processing power and resources can threaten security and privacy. This vulnerability has inspired attackers to undertake a variety of attacks against IoT networks. Wormhole attacks (WHA) are routing attacks which can interrupt IoT network packet routing and flow. To address the security issues related to IoT devices, a novel hybrid deep Learning (DL) method is proposed to classify potential security risks in IoT circumstances. The proposed module combines the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with attention mechanism (ABS-BiLSTM) and AlexNet CNN to achieve higher detection accuracy. The security service provided by the proposed monitoring solution ensures compatibility among various IoT network communication protocols. The results clearly show that the effectiveness and excellence of the schemes in terms of network performance, accuracy, and detection speed enhancement. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Network intrusion

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Forecasting Nutrient Flows using Terrain Elevation-aware Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks

Forecasting Nutrient Flows using Terrain Elevation-aware Spa...

引用

2024 IEEE International Conference on Big data, Bigdata 2024

作者： Li, Jiaqi Wu, Yinghui Bradley, Alexandar Harding Akanbi, Olatunde Barcelos, Erika I. Bruckman, Laura S. French, Roger H. Case Western Reserve University Dept. Computer and Data Sciences Cleveland United States Case Western Reserve University Dept. Material Science and Engineering Cleveland United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

Spatiotemporal graph neural networks (STGNNs) have been adopted for predictive analysis in various scientific domains. Despite their promising performance, the dominance of big (geo)spatiotemporal data with large and heterogeneous dimensions raise computational challenges to effective adoption, generalization and fine-tuning of graph models. Moreover, continuous and high quality historical data may not always exist for such generalization. This paper proposes a framework that can co-evolve historical geospatial temporal datasets and an STGNN model by (1) incorporating elevation features optimized for water systems, and (2) integrating and interacting geospatial data discovery and graph learning with a "rehearsal"mechanism, that automatically generalize STGNNs to broader areas. The process divides spatiotemporal data into regional fragments with inferrable features, and iteratively (1) augment sparse training data in terms of feature similarity, (2) explore the augmented data by a trial "rehearsing"of the current model to decide a fraction of data to be adopted, over which a consistently good accuracy is observed, and (3) generalize STGNNs with promising regional data, ensured by rehearsal performance. This exploratory process hence learns to decide when and where to generalize STGNNs, for cost-effective generalization. Using real-world datasets, we experimentally verify the effectiveness and efficiency of our rehearsal framework. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Spatio-temporal data

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A Unified Deep Learning Approach for Integrating Retinal Image Diagnosis and Surgical Tool Classification 1

A Unified Deep Learning Approach for Integrating Retinal Ima...

引用

1st IEEE International Conference on Cognitive Robotics and Intelligent Systems, ICC - ROBINS 2024

作者： Jesica, J. Anitha, J. Sujitha Juliet, D. Belfin, R.V. Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Dept. of Data Science and Cyber Security Coimbatore India Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore India University of North Carolina Dept. of Neurology Chapel Hill United States

ISBN: (数字)9798350372748

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372748

Early and accurate diagnosis by using retinal image processing is critical for enabling optimized patient care. Existing techniques for the diagnosis in medical image processing often face limitations. This research study leverages the comparative analysis of advanced Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), including AlexNet, InceptionV3, Xception, and EfficientNetB3;out of which EfficientNetB3 gives the comparatively higher accuracy of 84%. This research work presents a novel deep learning-based approach for detecting diseases along with the integration of Lenscraft AI. Lenscraft AI helps to segment surgical masks and identify the surgical tools used in surgical recordings using YOLOv8. The developed tool and tracking method offers a higher precision value of 0.8863 and efficiency in identifying the surgical instruments and potentially improving surgical technique for the trainee surgeons and patient safety. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Image Segmentation Survey: Classical and Deep Learning Methods 4

Image Segmentation Survey: Classical and Deep Learning Metho...

引用

4th IEEE International Conference on Electrical, computer, and Energy Technologies, ICECET 2024

作者： Bachani, Viren Roychowdhury, Anish Dasgupta, Abhijit Ei-Alfy, Hazem BSc. Data Science SP Jain School of Global Management Sydney Australia SP Jain School of Global Management Data Science Dept. Sydney Australia SP Jain School of Global Management Data Science Dept. Mumbai India School of Computer Science University of Sydney Sydney Australia Alexandria University Faculty of Engineering Alexandria Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395914

Image segmentation is a prerequisite to almost all computer vision applications. It enables the extraction of meaningful information from visual inputs by partitioning images into segments with shared features. This review paper begins by outlining different image segmentation tasks. It then surveys a broad spectrum of segmentation techniques, ranging from classical frameworks to deep-learning (DL) architectures. We perform this through a systematic literature analysis across a handful of applications as part of our methodology. A key contribution of our survey is that it elaborates on a few situations where classical approaches outperform DL-based methods in accuracy, along with the added advantage of computational efficiency. In some cases, these findings also provoke interest in revisiting classical methods, prompting strategies that leverage the strengths of both paradigms. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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Blood Test Report-Based Prediction and Classification of Diseases Using Artificial Neural Networks 1

Blood Test Report-Based Prediction and Classification of Dis...

引用

1st International Conference for Women in Computing, InCoWoCo 2024

作者： Kodipalli, Ashwini Prajwal, N. Vignesh, Vamshi B. Rao, Trupthi Gargi, N. Devamane, Shridhar B. Global Academy of Technology Dept. Artificial Intelligence & Data Science Karnataka Bangalore India School of Computing Amrita Vishwavidyapeetam Department of Computer Science Mysuru India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518943

Through early intervention and individualized treatment plans, timely disease detection and personalized healthcare can advance patient results and reduce healthcare costs. With the aim to categorize medical conditions, we present a dataset in this study that includes blood sample parameters like haemoglobin, cholesterol, and glucose. To analyse these parameters, we created a three-layered artificial neural network (ANN). Achieving an accuracy of 93.42% on the test set, the ANN was trained and validated on the dataset. With the aim of reducing overfitting and enhance model generalization, dropout layers were added. Furthermore, a comparative analysis with various optimizers was carried out. The results highlight the ANN's potential as a means for timly diagnosis, personalized healthcare, improving patient outcomes and lowering long-term healthcare costs. They also demonstrate the ANN's ability to accurately classify diseases. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Anaemia ANN Artificial Neural Networks Blood Test Classification Deep learning

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Generalizing Clinical De-identification Models by Privacy-safe data Augmentation using GPT-4

Generalizing Clinical De-identification Models by Privacy-sa...

引用

2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, EMNLP 2024

作者： Kim, Woojin Hahm, Sungeun Lee, Jaejin Korean National Police Agency Seoul Korea Republic of Dept. of Data Science Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798891761643

De-identification (de-ID) refers to removing the association between a set of identifying data and the data subject. In clinical data management, the de-ID of Protected Health Information (PHI) is critical for patient confidentiality. However, state-of-the-art de-ID models show poor generalization on a new dataset. This is due to the difficulty of retaining training corpora. Additionally, labeling standards and the formats of patient records vary across different institutions. Our study addresses these issues by exploiting GPT-4 for data augmentation through one-shot and zero-shot prompts. Our approach effectively circumvents the problem of PHI leakage, ensuring privacy by redacting PHI before processing. To evaluate the effectiveness of our proposal, we conduct cross-dataset testing. The experimental result demonstrates significant improvements across three types of F1 scores. © 2024 Association for Computational Linguistics.

关键词： Phishing

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Investigating Principle Component Analysis Impact on the Performance of Machine Learning Classifiers: A Health Informatics Application 25

Investigating Principle Component Analysis Impact on the Per...

引用

25th International Arab Conference on Information Technology, ACIT 2024

作者： Banimustafa, Ahmed Almatarneh, Sattam Bulkrock, Olla Alazaidah, Raed Almahasneh, Hossam Samara, Ghassan Higher Colleges of Technology Computer Information Science Dept. Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates Zarqa University Data Science & Artificial Intelligence Dept. Zarqa Jordan University of Business and Technology College of Engineering Jeddah Saudi Arabia Princess Sumaya University for Technology Software Engineering Dept. Amman Jordan Zarqa University Computer Science Dept. Zarqa Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798331540012

Principal Components Analysis (PCA) is a popular dimensionality reduction and feature selection technique. It works by swiping non-informative features while retaining those that are still potentially useful. However, regardless of its wide applications in statistical analysis, the influence of PCA on the performance of classification algorithms has been rarely studied, particularly in the domain of medical image classification. In this paper, we present a thorough analysis of the influence of applying PCA on the classification of medical images. The dataset used in this study consists of thousands of images that represent four types of blood cells. These images are used to train three machine-learning classifier models after transforming images into numerical vectors using a CNN pre-trained embedding algorithm, where each image is encoded using one thousand numerical vectors. The study involves building three classification models using (1) K-nearest Neighbor (KNN), (2) Logistic Regression (LR), and (3) Random Forests (RF). Each model was built twice, once after the application of PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the embedded features and once with the original embedded features. The performance of each model is evaluated using Classification accuracy, F1, AUC, Recall, precision, and specificity metrics. The recorded performance is then compared to drawing a decisive conclusion. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Dimensionality reduction

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Enhanced Identification of Care Preference Documentation in Patients’ Discharge Summaries Using Pre-trained Large Language Models 1

Enhanced Identification of Care Preference Documentation in ...

引用

1st IEEE International Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Medicine, Health and Care, AIMHC 2024

作者： Arora, Saksham Khayal, Inas S. Department of Computer Science Dartmouth College HanoverNH United States Dartmouth Institute & Biomedical Data Science Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth Dept. of Computer Science Dartmouth College HanoverNH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371987

Improving patient-centered care necessitates accurate documentation of care preferences, a crucial aspect often underrepresented in administrative data. Most studies apply care documentation to specific patient populations, rather than the more appropriately broad population of ‘seriously ill’ patients. This study addresses this gap, first by matching decedent patients to non-decedent counterparts by using propensity score matching, accounting for important variables like age, gender, primary diagnoses, and patient co-morbidities, and then by leveraging transformer-based machine learning models, exhibiting an improvement over traditional keyword-based search methods. We trained and fine-tuned Bio_ClinicalBERT and ClinicalLongformer models on a large dataset of patient discharge summaries, enhancing their signal-to-noise ratio by focusing on key textual aspects, thereby capturing contextually nuanced mentions of care preference documentation. These models demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity compared to industry-standard keyword-search methods, proving adept.at interpreting complex clinical concepts. This study highlights the potential of transformer-based models specifically trained for clinical domain tasks. Our findings not only contribute to enhancing end-of-life communication and aligning treatment with patients’ care objectives but also pave the way for future research in this promising domain, with potential implications for improving patient care quality. ©2024 IEEE.

关键词： Large datasets

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Text Sentiment Analysis of Film Reviews Using Bi-LSTM and GRU 4

Text Sentiment Analysis of Film Reviews Using Bi-LSTM and GR...

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4th International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems, ICESC 2023

作者： Mouthami, K. Yuvaraj, N. Thilaheswaran, K.K. Lokeshvar, K.J. Kpr Institute of Engineering and Technology Dept. of Computer Science Engineering Coimbatore India Kpr Institute of Engineering and Technology Dept. of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Coimbatore India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350300093

Sentiment analysis is a vast subject to explore in natural language processing (NLP) techniques. The film reviews were analyzed and segregated into positive, neutral, and negative reviews. The proposed model examines two distinct datasets, one with multi-class labels and the other with binary-type class labels. The preprocessing is done by using the bag of words and skip-gram word2vec, variety of classifiers, including Two state Gated recurrent units (TS-GRU), was used for binary classification, and the Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (Bi-LSTM for the multi-class situation was implemented. Bi-LSTM was utilized in the model, in which symmetric Bi-LSTM replaces the LSTM approaches to get around the high computational cost of training the normal LSTM. The Bi-LSTM has equivalent accuracy to the LSTM while significantly reducing computational costs. Sentiment analysis offers a glimpse of how consumers feel about certain movies. This endeavor is undertaken via the study of natural language processing, in which sentiment analysis is a branch which examines how words are arranged and utilized to extract meaning from user writing. This helps to investigate further the methods for deciphering such data thanks to significant advancements in machine learning techniques;with Keras API and the Internet Movie database (IMDb) dataset, this study compares single and multi-branch CNN with Bidirectional LSTMs with different kernel sizes. GRU achieved 98.24% of accuracy, and bi-LSTM achieved 98.65% of accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Sentiment analysis

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