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9th International Conference on Optimization and Applications, ICOA 2023

作者： Khanday, Akib Bouktif, Salah Ouni, Ali Uae University Cit Dept. Computer Science and Software Engineering Al Ain United Arab Emirates University of Quebec Ets Montreal MontrealQC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350312546

The global impact of COVID-19 has been significant due to its rapid spread and high transmission rate. A large number of individuals have been exposed to this dangerous virus, emphasizing the importance of early detection to potentially save numerous lives. This research paper introduces an enhanced method for COVID-19 detection, utilizing a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and leveraging early clinical reports. Specifically, a Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) model is trained using data obtained from the metadata of the available dataset published by the World Health organisation, specifically focusing on extracting clinical reports and labels. Several pre-processing techniques and word embedding are applied to train an LSTM-based classifier that accurately identifies positive COVID-19 cases. The implementation of this proposed approach yielded superior results compared to traditional machine learning algorithms. The model achieved a testing accuracy of 87%, and future works include expanding the dataset to enhance the efficiency of the model. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Multifaceted Discrete Emotion Recognition from EEG Physiological Signals via Machine Learning Techniques

Multifaceted Discrete Emotion Recognition from EEG Physiolog...

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Emerging Technology (INCET), International Conference for

作者： Amriti Gupta Kunal Nayyar Harshit Chopra Neha Gahlan Divyashikha Sethia Dept. of Software Engineering Delhi Technological University Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering Delhi Technological University Dept. of Computer Engineering Delhi Technological University

ISBN: (数字)9798350361155

ISBN: (纸本)9798350361162

Emotions, intricate mental states shaped by neu-rophysiological alterations influenced by cognitive processes, sensory inputs, behaviours, and diverse experiences, remain a compelling domain for exploration. The Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a potent tool that directly quantifies these emotional variations by capturing brain signals. Recent strides in emotion recognition have harnessed traditional machine learning classifiers to automate the identification of human emotions with remarkable success. This paper delves into the relatively underexplored Discrete Emotion Model, unveiling its capacity to achieve outstanding accuracy despite historical reservations regarding its effectiveness, using the ECSMP (Emotion, Cognition, Sleep, and Multi-model Physiological signals) dataset. It has two distinct environments, Video watching, and CANTAB-based cognitive assessment phases, enabling seamless data collection and analysis. This research effectively quantifies emotion for binary classification (classifies the type of emotion felt) and multiclass classification (classifies the intensity of emotion felt), elevating emotion recognition capabilities through the synergy of EEG technology. The exceptional performance of XGBoost, with a 96.5% accuracy rate in binary classification and 95% in multiclass emotion recognition, highlights its prowess compared to the other models tested.

关键词： Emotion recognition Accuracy Sleep Cognitive processes Machine learning Data collection Brain modeling

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Measurement of Ocular Torsion Using Feature Matching on the Iris and Sclera

Measurement of Ocular Torsion Using Feature Matching on the ...

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International Conference on Image and Vision Computing New Zealand, IVCNZ

作者： Arthur Bell Richard Green Aluna Everitt Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

ISBN: (数字)9798331518776

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518783

The tracking of torsional eye movements, where the eye rotates about the axis of vision, is important for the diagnosis of certain vestibular disorders, but presents additional challenges when compared to the tracking of linear eye movements. This paper proposes a method for the measurement of ocular torsion that combines techniques from several previous studies, attempting to make the measurement robust to a highly off-axis centre of vision and obscurations of the pupil and iris. The proposed method detects feature points across a region of interest (ROI) including both the iris and the sclera (the white part of the eye surrounding the iris), using the Affine-SIFT (ASIFT) feature detection method, and tracks the feature points across frames using the Lucas-Kanade Optical Flow Method. The proposed method was only able to achieve an average error of 0.42 degrees compared to 0.17 degrees achieved in prior research. However, an additional 23.5% of feature points were able to be tracked compared to feature matching on the iris alone, showing that the proposed method has the potential to provide more accurate tracking than conventional methods. Future improvements proposed to the method include a deep segmentation method to automatically determine the ROI in each frame, and further testing with a calibration step to determine the source of error in the method.

关键词： Iris Image segmentation Accuracy Tracking Feature detection Feature extraction Calibration Pupils Optical flow Testing

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A Comparative Analysis of Data Resampling Techniques for Addressing Class Imbalance in Mosquito Classification

A Comparative Analysis of Data Resampling Techniques for Add...

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Interdisciplinary Approaches in Technology and Management for Social Innovation (IATMSI), IEEE Conference on

作者： Reshma Pise Abhishek Singh Chauhan Bharati Ainapure Aditya Shenolkar Leena Deshpande Shivraj Jadhav Computer Engineering Dept. Vishwakarma University Pune India CE (Software Engineering) Dept. Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology Pune India

ISBN: (数字)9798331521691

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521707

Mosquitoes, as vectors of life-threatening diseases such as dengue, Zika, and West Nile virus, present a significant public health challenge. Precise and rapid identification of mosquito species is crucial for early detection and prevention of these diseases. Deep learning techniques have proven to be highly effective for automatic visual insect classification tasks. However, the imbalanced distribution of mosquito species within training datasets severely impacts the algorithm’s classification performance. This study investigates data sampling solutions for learning from imbalanced mosquito images dataset. We transfer-learn InceptionV3, a pre-trained convolutional neural network to classify images of two vector mosquito species Aedes Aegypti and Anopheles stephensi. The effectiveness of these data sampling solutions is evaluated and compared in terms of their impact on the performance of CNN classifier.

关键词： Training Visualization Technological innovation Accuracy Sensitivity Prevention and mitigation Vectors Convolutional neural networks Viruses (medical) Diseases

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Using a Multi-Agent System to Better Simultaneous Collaboration software Systems 2

Using a Multi-Agent System to Better Simultaneous Collaborat...

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2nd IEEE International Maghreb Meeting of the Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and computer engineering, MI-STA 2022

作者： Abd Alati Elfargane, Rabeia N. Yousef, Khamisa. A. Saleh, Eiman M. Abd Elati, Naeima N Benghazi University Dept. Computer Science Benghazi Libya University of Tobruk Dept. Computer Science Tobruk Libya Benghazi University Dept. Software Engineering Benghazi Libya Benghazi University Dept. Statistics Benghazi Libya

ISBN: (数字)9781665479189

ISBN: (纸本)9781665479189

In each field, there is a need for better collaborative efforts among team members. The software development community is currently concentrating its efforts on developing tools that will make this endeavor easier. As a result, the two major purposes of a collaborative system are to solve the lack of community consciousness (since group members must be aware of one another) and to maintain flooring directive (i.e. provide means to manage access to shared resource in synchronous groupware systems). The goal of this study is to design a dynamic, extendable, and adaptable framework capable of handling challenges in synchronous community consciousness systems in order to solve these concerns. The major purpose of this study is to improve Simultaneous Collaboration software Systems utilizing the structure analysis real-Time approach (SART), which is based on a multiagent system (MAS)). © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Multi agent systems

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Towards Accurate and Certain Molecular Properties Prediction 13

Towards Accurate and Certain Molecular Properties Prediction

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13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence, ICTC 2022

作者： Ham, KyungPyo Yoon, JeongNoh Sael, Lee Ajou University Dept. of Artificial Intelligence Suwon Korea Republic of Ajou University Dept. of Software and Computer Engineering Dept. of Artificial Intelligence Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (数字)9781665499392

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499392

In this review, we survey the fundamental problems and their solvers in molecular property prediction problems: graph neural networks modeling and uncertainty estimation. Molecules are naturally represented with graphs, thus graph neural networks, such as graph convolution networks and several types of message passing networks, are their natural models for accurate predictions. However, graph neural networks and any other deep learning models require a large amount of data. Unfortunately, molecular data are insufficient and skewed. Thus, not just an accurate method but models that return uncertainty estimations, such as Bayesian estimations, deep ensembles, and evidential methods, are required. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Automated Romberg Test: Leveraging a CNN and Centre of Mass Analysis for Sensory Ataxia Diagnosis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Haskins, Reilly Green, Richard Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand

This paper proposes a novel method to diagnose sensory ataxia via an automated Romberg Test - the current de facto medical procedure used to diagnose this condition. It utilizes a convolutional neural network to predict joint locations, used for the calculation of various bio-mechanical markers such as the center of mass of the subject and various joint angles. This information is used in combination with data filtering techniques such as Kalman Filters, and center of mass analysis which helped make accurate inferences about the relative weight distribution in the lateral and anterior-posterior axes, and provide an objective, mathematically based diagnosis of this condition. In order to evaluate the performance of this method, testing was performed using dual weight scales and pre-annotated diagnosis videos taken from medical settings. These two methods both quantified the veritable weight distribution upon the ground surface with a ground truth and provided a real-world estimate of accuracy for the proposed method. A mean absolute error of 0.2912% was found for the calculated relative weight distribution difference, and an accuracy of 83.33% was achieved on diagnoses. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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AIM-HKR: AI-Driven Molecular Retrosynthesis Using Heterogeneous Knowledge Representations

AIM-HKR: AI-Driven Molecular Retrosynthesis Using Heterogene...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2024

作者： Bomgni, Alain Bertrand Ceskoutsé, Ribot Fleury Téné Njingang, Kevin Jordan Njike Bouetou, Thomas Bouetou Gadhamshetty, Venkataramana Etienne Gnimpieba, Z. Oglala Lakota College KyleSD United States University of Yaounde 1 Ecole Nationale Supérieure Polytechnique Yaounde Cameroon University of Dschang Dept. of Computer Science Dschang Cameroon South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering Rapid CitySD United States University of South Dakota Dept. of Biomedical Engineering VermillionSD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350386226

The synthesis of small molecules is a crucial task across multiple scientific domains, including drug discovery, materials science, and sustainable chemistry. As AI and Machine Learning (ML) continue to advance, these technologies offer transformative potential in molecular synthesis, enhancing efficiency and expanding synthetic possibilities. In particular, small molecule synthesis has profound implications for creating novel therapeutic agents, high-performance materials, and greener chemical processes, but a major challenge remains in designing efficient synthetic routes for target molecules. Retrosynthesis, the process of mapping out synthetic pathways by working backwards from a target molecule, represents a vital step;however, traditional retrosynthesis methods often struggle to predict complex or novel transformations. To address this limitation, we introduce AIM-HKR: AI-Driven Molecular Retrosynthesis Using Heterogeneous Knowledge Representations, a model that leverages graph neural network techniques to enhance retrosynthetic predictions. AIM-HKR integrates information from heterogeneous knowledge graphs, capturing the intricate relationships and analogical reasoning required for retrosynthesis. This model generates type-specific embeddings that reflect both network topology and semantic connections across different entity types, such as molecules, reactions, and functional groups. AIM-HKR's unique capacity to leverage heterogeneous graphs allows it to propose synthetic pathways that extend beyond established precedents, enabling predictions of chemically feasible but previously uncharted transformations. We believe AIM-HKR has the potential to significantly advance molecular synthesis through AI-driven retrosynthesis, establishing a new paradigm in AI-assisted chemistry. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Graph neural networks

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Line Graph is the Key: An Exploration of Line Graph on Link Prediction with Social Networks

Line Graph is the Key: An Exploration of Line Graph on Link ...

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International Conference on Behavior, Economic and Social Computing (BESC)

作者： Chen Xing Masoud Makrehchi Dept. of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering Ontario Tech University Oshawa Canada

ISBN: (数字)9798331531904

ISBN: (纸本)9798331531911

Network data plays a crucial role in various real-world applications, as connections between entities can be represented and analyzed through graphs. These include various types, such as social, information, and technical networks. However, the complex topologies of these networks present challenges in converting graph data into machine-readable vector formats. Existing models, such as Graph Neural Networks, Graph Attention Networks, and node2vec, have made strides in graph embeddings. For edge-related tasks, models such as node2vec typically use indirect methods like concatenating node vectors to represent edges. This approach is useful for tasks like link prediction. In this paper, we present LineDi2vec, a novel approach that improves the Node2vec embedding method by utilizing a line graph. The proposed LineDi2vec not only generalizes the original graphs, transforming the relationships between edges and nodes but also maintains the original graphs' topological integrity for effective node embedding by Node2vec. We evaluated LineDi2vec on four real-world datasets, focusing on link prediction. The results demonstrate that LineDi2vec outperforms traditional node concatenation methods.

关键词： Analytical models Social computing Social networking (online) Network topology Navigation Network analyzers Predictive models Vectors Robustness Topology

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GreenLight: Green Traffic Signal Control using Attention-based Reinforcement Learning on Fog Computing Network

GreenLight: Green Traffic Signal Control using Attention-bas...

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International Green Computing Conference

作者： Chengyu Tang Sanjeev Baskiyar Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Auburn University Auburn Alabama USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331507862

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507879

Traffic congestion is a pervasive problem causing severe environmental and economic issues. In recent years, traffic signal control using reinforcement learning (RL) has come a long way. Most existing studies focus on using distributed agents with data exchange among neighbors, which, however, increases network complexity and usage and still suffers from the lack of broader coordination. Meanwhile, the attention mechanism has achieved tremendous success, and advances in vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications have enabled real-time collections of granular data. However, integrating these technologies into traffic signal control remains under-explored. Therefore, we present GreenLight, a forward-thinking and eco-friendly traffic signal control framework that can be applied to V2I-equipped fog computing environments. For a large urban area, traffic signals are divided into clusters, each coordinated by a fog node with an RL agent. Intra-cluster indexed self-attention is applied to extract context-aware features that the fog-residing RL agent utilizes to determine the proper signal control command. Results of simulation experiments using both synthetic and real-world scenarios show that the presented framework yields lower waiting time, emissions, and fuel consumption compared to baseline methods, indicating its potential for next-generation transportation systems.

关键词： Vehicle-to-infrastructure Green products Urban areas Transportation Reinforcement learning Feature extraction Real-time systems Fuels Traffic congestion Edge computing

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