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16th International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, IPDPS 2002

作者： Parashar, M. Hariri, S. Applied Software System Laboratory Rutgers the State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854 United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769515738

This paper presents an overview of Pragma, an adaptive runtime infrastructure capable of reactively and proactively managing and optimizing application execution using current system and application state, predictive models for system behavior and application performance, and an agent based control network. The overarching motivation for this research is to enable the next generation of very largescale dynamically adaptive scientific and engineering simulations on widely distributed and highly heterogeneous and dynamic execution environments such as the computational "grid". Pragma combines 4 key components: system characterization and abstraction component, application characterization component, active network control, and policybase. The design of Pragma is driven by three astrophysical simulations chosen to be representative of a wide variety of important simulations and to expose many of the problems presently encountered (and currently unsolved) by computational physicists. The design, prototype implementation, and preliminary evaluations of Pragma components are presented. © 2002 IEEE.

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Improving SAT using 2SAT 02

Improving SAT using 2SAT

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Australasian computer Science Conference

作者： Lei Zheng Peter J. Stuckey Dept. of Computer Science & Software Engineering The University of Melbourne VIC 3010. Australia

ISBN: (纸本)0909925828

Propositional satisfiability (SAT) is a fundamental problem of immense practical importance. While SAT is NP-complete when clauses can contain 3 literals or more, the problem can be solved in linear time when the given formula contains only binary clauses (2SAT). Many complete search algorithms for SAT solving have taken advantage of 2SAT information that occurs in the statement of the problem in order to simplify the solving process, only one that we are aware of uses 2SAT information that arises in the process of the search, as clauses are simplified. There are a number of possibilities for making use of 2SAT information to improve the SAT solving process: maintaining 2SAT satisfiability during search, detecting unit consequences of the 2SAT clauses, and Krom subsumption using 2SAT clauses. In this paper we investigate the tradeoffs of increasing complex 2SAT handling versus the search space reduction and execution time. We give experimental results illustrating that the SAT solver resulting from the best tradeoff is competitive with state of the art Davis-Putnam methods, on hard problems involving a substantial 2SAT component.

关键词： SAT propositional satisfiability 2SAT krom subsumption tradeoffs

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A new approach for line recognition in large-size images using hough transform

A new approach for line recognition in large-size images usi...

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16th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2002

作者： Song, Jiqiang Cai, Min Lyu, Michael R. Cai, Shijie Dept. Computer Science and Engineering Chinese University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Hong Kong State Key Lab. of Novel Software Technology Nanjing University Nanjing China

ISBN: (纸本)0769516963

Applications of the Hough Transform (HT) have been limited to small-size images for a long time. For large-size images, peak detection and line verification become much more time-consuming. Many HT-based line detection methods are not able to detect line width. This paper proposes a new approach for detecting line segments using HT, with applicability to large size images, especially for those situations where line width is critical. Our approach applies a boundary recorder to eliminate redundant analyses, and employs an image-analysis-based line-verification method to overcome the difficulty of using a threshold to distinguish short lines from noise. It avoids overlapping lines by removing the pixels of detected line segments, a method which is more robust than only clearing the N×N neighborhood. This approach could be easily extended to improved HT methods that perform global accumulation. Experimental results show that this approach is very time efficient for large-size images. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Hough transforms

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Graphics recognition from binary images: One step or two steps

Graphics recognition from binary images: One step or two ste...

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16th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, ICPR 2002

ISBN: (纸本)0769516963

Recognizing graphic objects from binary images is an important task in many real-life applications. Generally, there are two ways to do the graphics recognition: onestep methods and two-step methods. The former recognizes graphic objects from binary images directly, while the latter consists of vectorization and postprocessing. Neither of them is perfect enough to handle all difficulties. This paper first reviews popular graphics recognition methods to understand their advantages and disadvantages. Next, the performance comparison between two classes of methods is made in two important aspects: the time efficiency and the graphics quality, and the experimental results of time-efficiency comparison of 7 popular methods are also reported. Finally, we propose a new hybrid graphics-recognition paradigm to integrate the advantages of both one-step methods and two-step methods and minimize their disadvantages. The proposed paradigm is capable of recognizing straight lines, arcs, circles and curves efficiently, and is helpful for extracting text images in text-graphics touching cases. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Binary images

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Graphics recognition from binary images: One step or two steps

Graphics recognition from binary images: One step or two ste...

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Recognizing graphic objects from binary images is an important task in many real-life applications. Generally, there are two ways to do the graphics recognition: one-step methods and two-step methods. The former recognizes graphic objects from binary images directly, while the latter consists of vectorization and postprocessing. Neither of them is perfect enough to handle all difficulties. This paper first reviews popular graphics recognition methods to understand their advantages and disadvantages. Next, the performance comparison between two classes of methods is made in two important aspects: the time efficiency and the graphics quality, and the experimental results of time-efficiency comparison of 7 popular methods are also reported. Finally, we propose a new hybrid graphics-recognition paradigm to integrate the advantages of both one-step methods and two-step methods and minimize their disadvantages. The proposed paradigm is capable of recognizing straight lines, arcs, circles and curves efficiently, and is helpful for extracting text images in text-graphics touching cases. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Character recognition

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Information Leakage from Optical Emanations

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ACM Transactions on Information and System Security 2002年第3期5卷 262-289页

作者： Loughry, Joe Umphress, David A. Lockheed Martin Space Systems Denver Dept. 3740 Mail Stop X3741 P.O. Box 179 CO 80201 United States Auburn University Department of Computer Science and Software Engineering AL 215 Dunstan Hall 36849 United States

A previously unknown form of compromising emanations has been discovered. LED status indicators on data communication equipment, under certain conditions, are shown to carry a modulated optical signal that is significantly correlated with information being processed by the device. Physical access is not required;the attacker gains access to all data going through the device, including plaintext in the case of data encryption systems. Experiments show that it is possible to intercept data under realistic conditions at a considerable distance. Many different sorts of devices, including modems and Internet Protocol routers, were found to be vulnerable. A taxonomy of compromising optical emanations is developed, and design changes are described that will successfully block this kind of “Optical TEMPEST” attack. © 2002, ACM. All rights reserved.

关键词： Comint Communication Compromising emanations COMSEC Covert channel EMSEC Encryption Experimentation Fiber optics Information displays Light emitting diode (LED) Security SIGINT TEMPEST

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The flow-service-quality framework: Unified engineering for large-scale, adaptive systems 35

The flow-service-quality framework: Unified engineering for ...

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35th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, HICSS 2002

作者： Hevner, A. Linger, R. Sobel, A. Walton, G. Information Systems and Decision Sciences Dept. University of South Florida TampaFL United States Computer Science and Systems Analysis Dept. Miami University OxfordOH United States CERT Coordination Center Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University PittsburghPA United States School of Electrical Engr. and Computer Science University of Central Florida OrlandoFL United States

ISBN: (纸本)0769514359

Modern enterprises are irreversibly dependent on large-scale, adaptive, component-based information systems whose complexity frequently exceeds current engineering capabilities for intellectual control, resulting in persistent difficulties in system development, management, and evolution. We propose an innovative framework of engineering representation and reasoning methods for developing these complex systems: the flow-service-quality (FSQ) framework. In dynamic network information systems with constantly varying function and usage, workflows and their corresponding traces of system services act as stable foundations for functional and non functional (quality attribute) specification, design, and operational control. Our objective is to provide theoretical foundations, language representations, and rigorous yet practical unified engineering methods to represent and reason about system flows as essential artifacts of system specification, design, and operation. © 2002 IEEE.

关键词： Large scale systems

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Transition management of software process improvement 4th

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4th International Conference on Product Focused software Process Improvement, PROFES 2002

作者： Lee, Seon-Ah Choi, Byoungju Software Center Corporate RandD Center Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd 599-4 ShinSa-Dong KangNam-Gu Seoul135-120 Korea Republic of Dept. Of Computer Science and Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)3540002340

Process improvement studies have tended to focus on software process improvement (SPI) framework such as the generic „best practices" models (e.g., CMM and SPICE), SPI Models (e.g., PDCA and IDEAL), and Quality Improvement Paradigm (QIP). However, there are still difficulties due to the resistance within the organization and the tendency to return to the previous state. In this study, we point out it is the transition part that is overlooked in the SPI Model and explain how we apply transition management to software process improvement in the software Center, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. The study also shows that considering transition management during SPI planning leads to more accurate estimation for time and goal achievement of SPI work. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2002.

关键词： Process engineering

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An Approach to Evolving Database Dependent Systems

An Approach to Evolving Database Dependent Systems

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Fifth International Workshop on Principles of software Evolution IWPSE 2002

作者： Grechanik, Mark Perry, Dewayne Batory, Don Dept. of Computer Sciences UT Ctr. Adv. Res. In Software Eng. University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 United States Department of Electrical Engineering UT Ctr. Adv. Res. In Software Eng. University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 United States

It is common in client/server architectures for components to have SQL statements embedded in their source code. Components submit queries to relational databases using such standards as Universal Data Access (UDA) and Open Database Connectivity (ODBC). The API that implements these standards is complex and requires the embedding of SQL statements in the language that is used to write the components. Such programming practices are widespread and result in increased complexity in maintaining systems. We propose an approach that eliminates the embedding of SQL in programming languages, thereby enabling the automation of important software maintenance tasks.

关键词： Relational database systems

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Abstraction and flow analysis for model checking open asynchronous systems

Abstraction and flow analysis for model checking open asynch...

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Asia-Pacific Conference on software engineering

作者： N. Ioustinova N. Sidorova Dept. of Software Engineering CWI (Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica) Amsterdam The Netherlands Dept. of Mathematics and Computer Science Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven The Netherland

Formal methods, especially model checking, are an indispensable part of the software engineering process. With large software systems currently beyond the range of fully automatic verification, however, a combination of decomposition and abstraction techniques is needed. To model check components of a system, a standard approach is to close the component with an abstraction of its environment. To make it useful in practice, the closing of the component should be automatic, both for data and for control abstraction. Specifically for model checking asynchronous open systems, external input queues should be removed, as they are a potential source of a combinatorial state explosion. In this paper we close a component synchronously by embedding the external environment directly into the system to avoid the external queues, while for the data, we use a two-valued abstraction, namely data influenced from the outside or not. This gives a more precise analysis than that investigated by Ioustinova et al. (2002). To further combat the state explosion problem, we combine this data abstraction with a static analysis to remove superfluous code fragments. The static analysis we use is reminiscent of that presented by Ioustinova et al., but we use a combination of a may and a must-analysis instead of a may-analysis.

关键词： Chaotic communication Explosions software engineering software systems Open systems Data analysis Mathematics computer science Mathematical model Automatic control

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