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Reducing Data Hazards on Multi-pipelined DSP Architecture with Loop Scheduling

Journal of VLSI Signal Processing Systems for Signal, Image, and Video Technology 1998年第2期18卷 111-123页

作者： Tongsima, Sissades Chantrapornchai, Chantana Sha, Edwin H.-M. Passos, Nelson L. Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN 46556 United States Dept. of Computer Science Midwestern State University Wichita Falls TX 76308 United States King Mongkut Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Thailand University of Notre Dame United States Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering University of Notre Dame United States Thammasat University Bangkok Thailand Northeastern University Boston MA United States National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science Princeton University Princeton NJ United States University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN United States Dept. of Comp. Sci. and Engineering University of Sao Paulo Brazil Control Data Corporation Greece University of North Dakota United States Midwestern State University Department of Computer Science Wichita Falls TX United States

Computation intensive DSP applications usually require parallel/pipelined processors in order to meet specific timing requirements. Data hazards are a major obstacle against the high performance of pipelined systems. This paper presents a novel efficient loop scheduling algorithm that reduces data hazards for such DSP applications. This algorithm has been embedded in a tool, called SHARP, which schedules a pipelined data flow graph to multiple pipelined units while hiding the underlying data hazards and minimizing the execution time. This paper reports significant improvement for some well-known benchmarks showing the efficiency of the scheduling algorithm and the flexibility of the simulation tool.

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Simultaneous Fault Detection Of Heat Exchangers

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第10期31卷 365-370页

作者： Gcibor Szederkényi Erik Weyer Katalin M. Hangos Dept. of Computer Science University of Veszprem H-8201 Veszprem Egyetem u. 3. Hungary Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Melbourne Parkville VIC 3052 Australia Systems and Control Research Laboratory Computer and Automation Institute HAS H-1518 Budapest PO Box 63 Hungary

A grey box model-based method for fault diagnosis is proposed in this paper. The method is based on a first principle model of the process unit: a heat exchanger, and on a grey box model of the faults: the deterioration of the heat transfer surface by aging and the leaking of the outer container. The deterioration of the heat transfer surface is due to material settling, and in old heat exchangers pieces of this material can break off and cause damage in the equipment. A recursive least squares estimator with forgetting factor is used to track both the heat transfer coefficients and the cold side volume. The heat transfer coefficients are estimated both from the hot and cold side equations. The settled material breakage fault is detected via detection of abrupt positive jumps in the estimated heat transfer coefficients using a detector based on a cumulative sum (CUSUM) test. The proposed method enables simultaneous detection of the two fault types considered. Fault localization along the equipment length is also possible when temperature measurements are available along the length.

关键词： Fault detection Fault isolation Fault location Process model Grey box modelling Identification

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Numerical Modelling of control Time-Delay System

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1998年第13期31卷 155-159页

作者： O.B. Kwon A.V. Kim V.G. Pimenov Kyung Sung College Computer Science Dept. Shitl Prong-Ri 131 Pochun-Gun Kyung-Kido Seoul Korea Control Information Systems Laboratory School of Electrical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Ural State University Turgenev Str. 4 Ekaterinburg 620083 Russia

Discrete-time control schemes are often used for realization of positional control strategies for continuous time control problems (Krasovskii and Subbotin, 1974; Osipov, 1971) . However for general systems with delays (whicb are often called functional differential equations (FDE)) exact solutions in both continuous and discrete schemes can be found in exceptional cases. So, as rule, it is necessary to solve corresponding control problems using suitable numerical algorithms . In surveys (Cryer and Tavernini, 1972; Hall and watt, 1976; Bellen, 1985) different numerical methods for FDE are discussed. In this paper positional implicit Runge-Kutta-like numerical methods of solving general FDE are presented. The elaborated methods are direct analogs of the corresponding numerical methods of ODE case. Also we present new theorem (which generalizes the results of (Kim and Pimenov, 1997; Kim and Pimenov, 1998)) on convergence order. The obtained results are based on distinguishing of finite dimensional and infinite dimensional components in the structure of FDE, on interpolation and extrapolation of the discrete prehistory of the model, on application of constructions of i- smooth analysis (Kim, 1996) . The notion of an approximation order for an optimal strategy in the discrete scheme of realization is introduced. The conditions, which guarantee required approximation order of the optimal strategy, are presented.

关键词： Delay positional control discretization Runge-Kutta metbod implicit systems accuracity

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Human-centred intelligent systems and soft computing

British Telecom technology journal

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British Telecom technology journal 1998年第3期16卷 125-133页

作者： Azvine, B. Wobcke, W. Manchester University United Kingdom Dynamics and Control Research Group Engineering Department Manchester University United Kingdom Contr. and Instrum. Research Group Staffordshire University United Kingdom Intelligent Systems Research Group BT Laboratories United Kingdom Dept. of Engineering Mathematics Bristol University United Kingdom Europ. Netwk. Excellence U. University of Queensland Australia University of Essex United Kingdom Basser Dept. of Computer Science University of Sydney Australia

This paper considers the abstract features of human/machine interaction systems that are required for the production of intelligent behaviour. A conceptual architecture is proposed for a subset of intelligent systems called human-centred intelligent systems (HCISs) and it is argued that such systems must be autonomous, robust and adaptive in order to be intelligent. Soft computing is proposed as a promising new technique that can be used to build HCISs, and examples are presented where this is already being done. Finally, flexibility is defined to be a combination of the often-conflicting requirements of robustness and adaptability, and it is argued that the right balance between these two features is necessary to achieve intelligent behaviour.

关键词： Learning systems

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Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland - Section of Bioengineering - Proceedings of meeting held in Dundalk, Co. Louth, in February 1998.

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IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 1998年第4期167卷 256-276页

作者： [Anonymous] Orthopaedic Research Unit The Queen’s University of Belfast School of Biomedical Sciences The Queen’s University of Belfast Howmedica International Ltd. Raheen Industrial Estate Limerick Department of Mechanical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Mater Hospital Dublin 7 Orthopaedic Research Laboratory Århus University Hospital Denmark University of Limerick Limerick Limerick Regional Hospital Raheen Limerick Boston Scientific Ireland Ltd. Galway Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Bioengineering Research Centre Department of Mechanical Engineering University College Dublin Dublin Northern Ireland Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC) School of Electrical and Mechanical Engineering University of Ulster Newtownabbey Department of Mechanical & Manufacturing Engineering The Ashby Building The Queen’s University of Belfast Johnson and Johnson Professional Orthopaedic Division Queensway England Department of Cardiology and Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Burke House Ellison Street Castlebar Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Department of Surgery Beaumont Hospital Dublin Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Trinity College Dublin 2 Department of Aeronautical Engineering The Queen’s University of Belfast Vascular Unit Belfast City Hospital Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering St. James’s Hospital Dublin 8 Centre for Biomedical Electronics Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering University of Limerick Limerick Department of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering University of Limerick Limerick School of Health Sciences University of Ulster Ireland School of Physiotherapy University of Ulster Newtownabbey Clinical Engineering NI Medical Physics Agency Belfast and Radiology Royal Victoria Hospital Musgrave Park Hospital University of Limerick Biomedical Institute (ULBMI) Uni

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Intelligent multi-modal systems

British Telecom technology journal

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British Telecom technology journal 1998年第3期16卷 134-144页

作者： Tsui, K.C. Azvine, B. Djian, D. Voudouris, C. Xu, L.Q. Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong University of Essex King's College London United Kingdom BT Laboratories United Kingdom ATM Traffic Management United Kingdom Manchester University United Kingdom Dynamics and Control Research Group Engineering Department Manchester University United Kingdom Contr. and Instrum. Research Group Staffordshire University United Kingdom Intelligent Systems Research Unit BT Laboratories United Kingdom Dept. of Engineering Mathematics Bristol University United Kingdom Europ. Netwk. Excellence U. Institut d'Informatique d'Entreprise France Oxford University Robotics Research Group United Kingdom University of Nice France Ecole des Mines de Paris France Natl. Technical University of Athens Greece University of Essex United Kingdom Department of Computer Science University of Essex United Kingdom Intelligent Systems Research Group BT Laboratories United Kingdom Southeast University Nanjing China Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of East Anglia United Kingdom University of Sussex King's College London United Kingdom University of Abertay Dundee United Kingdom

Research in human/computer interaction has mainly focused on natural language, text, speech and vision primarily in isolation. Recently there have been a number of research projects that have concentrated on the integration of such modalities using intelligent reasoners. The rationale is that many inherent ambiguities in single modes of communication can be resolved if extra information is available. This paper describes an intelligent multi-modal system called the Smart Work Manager. The main characteristics of the Smart Work Manager are that it can process speech, text, face images, gaze information and simulated gestures rising the mouse as input modalities, and its output is in the form of speech, text or graphics. The main components of the system are the reasoner, a speech system, a vision system, an integration platform and the application interface. The overall architecture of the system will be described together with the integration platform and the components of the system which include a non-intrusive neural network based gaze-tracking system. The paper concludes with a discussion on the applicability of such systems to intelligent human/computer interaction and lessons learnt in terms of reliability and efficiency.

关键词： Learning systems

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Improved textured images segmentation using an energy functional 9th

Improved textured images segmentation using an energy functi...

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9th International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing, ICIAP 1997

作者： Grau, Antoni Saludes, Jordi Dept. of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering Polytechnic University of Catalonia UPC Barcelona Catalonia Spain Dept. of Applied Mathematics II Polytechnic University of Catalonia UPC Barcelona Catalonia Spain

ISBN: (纸本)3540635076

In this paper we present a new classification and image segmentation system based on the addition of a variational method to a classic clustering algorithm. This system constitutes an improvement respect traditional segmentation methods. Often due to the nature of the texture features obtained from an image, the segmentation results are not quite precise. If this happens, using the energy functional and its minimization can improve the segmentation. This functional takes into account the information in the feature space and the information in the 2D image domain. The extracted characteristics from the image are texture features that have been defined in order to obtain an admissible trade-off between their discriminant capacity and their effectiveness to be implemented in a vision board to operate at real time. We show some results to appreciate this improvement in the segmentation using the energy functional. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1997.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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Grey Box Fault Detection in Heat Exchanger Networks

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IFAC Proceedings Volumes 1997年第18期30卷 191-196页

作者： E. Weyer K.M. Hangos Dept. of Chemical Engineering University of Queensland Brisbane QLD 4072 Australia Systems and Control Research Laboratory Computer and Automation Institute HAS H-1518 Budapest PO Box 63 Hungary

A grey box model-based method for fault diagnosis is proposed in this paper which is based on a first principle model of the process unit: a heat exchanger, and on a grey box model of the fault: the deterioration of the heat transfer surface by aging. Under normal operating conditions the heat transfer coefficient is constant or slowly decreasing due to a layer of settled material building up on the heat transfer surface, and we propose to use a recursive least squares estimator with forgetting factor to track the heat transfer coefficients during these stages. In old heat exchangers, big chunks of the settled material can break away from the surface causing the heat transfer coefficients to rise sharply. This fault is detected via detection of abrupt positive jump in the estimated heat transfer coefficients using a Hinkley detector

关键词： Fault diagnosis grey box modelling fault modelling identification

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Overview, current trends and latest results in estimating the effects of load modelling on power-system damping and stability

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EUROPEAN TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRICAL POWER 1997年第2期7卷 107-113页

作者： Milanovic, JV [?]Jovica V. Milanovic (1967) received the Dipl.-Ing. (Elec.) and M.Sc. (Elec. Eng.) degrees from the University of Belgrade. Yugoslavia. in 1987 and I99 I respectively. One year he worked with “Energoproject-MDD”- Engineering and Contracting Co. in Belgrade as an engineer in designing power plants and substations. In late 1988 hejoined the Faculty of Electrical Engineering of the University of Belgrade first as an associate teaching assistant and then (since late 199 I) as teaching assistant at the Dept. of Power Converters and Drives. Between March 1993 and January 1996 he completed his Ph.D. at the University of Newcastle. Australia. at the Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. Since February 1996 he is lecturer at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the University of Tasmania Austnlia. His major interests include synchronous machines and power system transients control and stability. (The University of Tasmania. Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science GPO Box 252-65 Hobart Tas 7001 Australia.Te1+61 362/262-753 Fax+61 369/262 136. e-mail: Jovica.Milanovic@eecs.utas.edu.au)

The paper presents the overview of load modelling for power-system damping and stability studies with main conclusions summarized from previous research. The attempt has been made to present a cross-section of the most exploited existing load models together with the most important conclusions drawn from their implementation in power-system stability programs. The current trends and latest results in the domain of damping of electromechanical oscillations in power systems are also presented. The effects of load dynamics on damping of electromechanical oscillations were analyzed on the basis of one of generic load models proposed in the past. The recent results further encourage investigation in this area and highlights the importance of proper load modelling.

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A PLZT-based dynamic diffractive optical element for high speed, random-access beam steering

A PLZT-based dynamic diffractive optical element for high sp...

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Conference on Optical Scanning Systems - Design and Applications

作者： Thomas, JA Lasher, M Fainman, Y Soltan, P Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering MC 0407 University of California at San Diego San Diego CA 92093-5003 9500 Gilman Drive United States Naval Command Control and Ocean Surveillance Center Research Development Test and Evaluation Division Advanced Technology Branch San Diego CA 92152-5732 53490 Dow Street United States

ISBN: (纸本)0819425532

A novel type of electro-optic diffractive element is presented which can satisfy the requirements for a high space-time bandwidth deflector while providing for two-dimensional random access beam steering control. The basic device consists of a multichannel array of phase modulators fabricated using Lanthanum-modified Lead Zirconate Titanate (PLZT) operating as a programmable diffractive optical element. Two-dimensional deflection control can be readily obtained by crossing two one-dimensional arrays. This device is useful for wavelengths in the Visible to Mid-IR range and is based on PLZT ceramic materials which can be readily mass-produced. It possesses the versatility and multifunctionality of liquid crystal based optical phased array systems while allowing for very fast switching speeds with good thermal stability. We present a brief comparison of this novel deflector with other scanning technologies and outline the benefits and trade-offs of the PLZT-based device. Experiments on 16- and 32-channel arrays with fullwave voltages less than 400 volts demonstrate continuous lateral beam steering control of a HeNe laser beam. We also demonstrate full deflection control with a minimum number of control lines using a modified deflector arrangement. And we present measurements showing sub-microsecond switching speeds from such PLZT-based phase modulators. Mature versions of this type of scanner will find use in a wide variety of applications including 2-D and 3-D laser displays, laser communications, and LIDAR systems.

关键词： Light modulators

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