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E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB)

作者： Ligia-Gabriela Boazu Marian-Alexandru Petraru Otilia Zvorișteanu Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iași Iași Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798331532147

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532154

Retinal blood vessel segmentation is an essential component in the diagnosis and monitoring of various ophthalmological conditions, such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma or macular degeneration, providing valuable information about the state of blood vessels and ocular blood circulation. Traditional methods for segmenting blood vessels from retinal images present certain limitations in terms of accuracy and robustness, especially under variable lighting conditions, the presence of artifacts or low-quality images. However, current techniques based on convolutional neural networks have demonstrated the ability to achieve precise and robust segmentations in a variety of conditions, outperforming traditional methods. Nevertheless, neural networks face challenges regarding the limited availability of retinal image datasets necessary for training and evaluating these solutions. In this paper we describe a solution for retinal blood vessel segmentation using the U-Net architecture. This neural network achieves impressive results even with very small datasets, demonstrating the efficiency and robustness of the U-Net architecture for retinal blood vessel segmentation.

关键词： Training Macular degeneration Image segmentation Neural networks Blood vessels Network architecture Retina Robustness Monitoring Biomedical imaging

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Enhancing Learning and Therapy for Children with Autism: Innovative Activities with the NAO Robot

Enhancing Learning and Therapy for Children with Autism: Inn...

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E-Health and Bioengineering Conference (EHB)

作者： Iustina-Bianca Bulai Otilia Zvorişteanu Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Faculty of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iaşi Iaşi Romania

ISBN: (数字)9798331532147

ISBN: (纸本)9798331532154

Worldwide, autism affects 1 in 100 children, with diagnoses steadily rising since the 2000s. Romania lacks official statistics on autism prevalence, but global estimates suggest similarity. Children with autism struggle with social interactions and verbal communication, prompting interest in social robots for therapy and education. Tailored robot-assisted sessions offer potential for cognitive development, vocabulary enhancement, social interaction, and behavioral stimulation like concentration and attention. The NAO robot's user-friendly design, technical capabilities, and integrated features make it well-suited for these purposes. This paper presents activities that exemplify the concept of “learning through play,” allowing children to engage in exploration, experimentation, and effective learning in an enjoyable manner.

关键词： Autism Vocabulary Hospitals Social robots Education Biomedical engineering

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Modeling and Simulation of Thermal Faults in Batteries for Enhanced Safety

Modeling and Simulation of Thermal Faults in Batteries for E...

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IEEE Design and Diagnostics of Electronic Circuits and Systems (DDECS)

作者： Francesco Tosoni Sara Vinco Franco Fummi Department of Engineering IM University of Verona Verona Italy Dept. of Control and Computer Engineering Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy

ISBN: (数字)9798331528010

ISBN: (纸本)9798331528027

Batteries are a central component of many complex systems, including mobile devices, sensors, electric vehicles, etc. Keeping the battery working in normal conditions avoids dangerous hazards for the user or the system itself and helps extend the device’s life. The battery temperature is one of the most delicate aspects of these devices since some dangerous scenarios, like thermal runaway, could occur due to variable conditions. This paper uses a battery model of an electric vehicle from the automotive area as a case study to simulate the thermal response to normal usage. Then, thermal fault scenarios are modeled within equivalent circuital device descriptions and analyzed regarding state-of-charge, temperature, and voltage output. The findings presented offer a valuable starting point for improving the design phase of the batteries in multiple fields by testing fault scenarios already during simulation.

关键词： Temperature sensors Voltage Electric vehicles Sensor systems Batteries Thermal analysis Sensors Circuit faults Integrated circuit modeling Testing

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Enhancing Graph Representation of the Environment through Local and Cloud Computation

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Argenziano, Francesco Suriani, Vincenzo Nardi, Daniele Dept. of Computer Control and Management Engineering Sapienza University of Rome Italy

Enriching the robot representation of the operational environment is a challenging task that aims at bridging the gap between low-level sensor readings and high-level semantic understanding. Having a rich representation often requires computationally demanding architectures and pure point cloud based detection systems that struggle when dealing with everyday objects that have to be handled by the robot. To overcome these issues, we propose a graph-based representation that addresses this gap by providing a semantic representation of robot environments from multiple sources. In fact, to acquire information from the environment, the framework combines classical computer vision tools with modern computer vision cloud services, ensuring computational feasibility on onboard hardware. By incorporating an ontology hierarchy with over 800 object classes, the framework achieves cross-domain adaptability, eliminating the need for environment-specific tools. The proposed approach allows us to handle also small objects and integrate them into the semantic representation of the environment. The approach is implemented in the Robot Operating System (ROS) using the RViz visualizer for environment representation. This work is a first step towards the development of a general-purpose framework, to facilitate intuitive interaction and navigation across different domains. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Robots

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Further Results on the Structure of Normal Forms of Input-Affine Nonlinear MIMO Systems

Further Results on the Structure of Normal Forms of Input-Af...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and control

作者： Alberto Isidori Dept. of Computer Control and Management Engineering University “Sapienza” Rome Italy

In a recent paper it has been shown that the existence, for a MIMO nonlinear system, of normal forms with a special structure that proves to be useful in the design of feedback laws is implied by an assumption introduced a long time ago by Hirschorn in his work on systems invertibility. In this paper, we provide an alternative viewpoint and prove that a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such kind of normal forms can be identified in a special feature of the so-called maximal controlled invariant distribution algorithm.

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Is the Computing Continuum Already Here?

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Marino, Jacopo Risso, Fulvio Dept. of Control and Computer Engineering Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy

—The computing continuum, a novel paradigm that extends beyond the current silos of cloud and edge computing, can enable the seamless and dynamic deployment of applications across diverse infrastructures. By utilizing the cloud-native features and scalability of Kubernetes, this concept promotes deployment transparency, communication transparency, and resource availability transparency. Key features of this paradigm include intent-driven policies, a decentralized architecture, multiownership, and a fluid topology. Integral to the computing continuum are the building blocks of dynamic discovery and peering, hierarchical resource continuum, resource and service reflection, network continuum, and storage and data continuum. The implementation of these principles allows organizations to foster an efficient, dynamic, and seamless computing environment, thereby facilitating the deployment of complex distributed applications across varying infrastructures. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Transparency

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Closed-Loop System Identification of an Unstable Nonlinear System Using Koopman Operator

Closed-Loop System Identification of an Unstable Nonlinear S...

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First International Symposium on Instrumentation, control, Artificial Intelligence, and Robotics (ICA-SYMP)

作者： Benjaset Maneeloke Sudchai Boonto Peerayot Sanposh Yodyium Tipsuwan Natthawut Chinthaned Warit Tanaprasitpattana Dept. of Electrical Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand Dept. of Control Systems and Instrumentation Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Dept. of Computer Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9798331505400

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505417

This paper presents a novel methodology for closed-loop system identification of unstable nonlinear systems using the Koopman operator with Extended Dynamic Mode Decomposition with control (EDMDc). The study highlights the critical role of selecting appropriate observable functions to develop accurate and efficient Koopman models. We demonstrate that the resulting Koopman models exhibit excellent fitting and validation properties and retain the stabilizability of the original nonlinear systems. These models are verified through time and frequency responses under closed-loop control using a Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR), confirming their effectiveness. Future work will extend this framework to more complex systems and incorporate machine learning techniques to refine the selection of observable functions. This approach aims further to enhance the adaptability and robustness of Koopman-based control strategies.

关键词： Time-frequency analysis Adaptation models Regulators Accuracy Fitting Machine learning Robustness Closed loop systems Complex systems Frequency control

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Exploring the Feasibility of Sleep Quality Evaluation with a Reduced Parameter Set

Exploring the Feasibility of Sleep Quality Evaluation with a...

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Smart World Congress (SWC), IEEE

作者： Michele Guagnano Sara Groppo Luigi Pugliese Massimo Violante Dept. of Control and Computer Engineering Politecnico di Torino Turin Italy

Sleep covers approximately one-third of life, providing the necessary recovery to fundamental body functions. Sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality cause several side effects in everyday life; among others, the efficiency of the immune system progressively decreases, enhancing the arise of pathologies. Therefore, the evaluation of sleep quality is crucial for providing information about personal health status. However, a uniform and robust method for the assessment of sleep quality is still missing. In this preliminary study, Obstructive Sleep Apneas (OSAs), sleep macro pattern and sleep micro pattern are identified and then combined to provide a comprehensive sleep evaluation. For this purpose, a subset of physiological variables (HR, HRV, SpO 2 , body movements) is derived from Polysomnography (PSG) and exploited for the development of rule-based algorithms. This reduced parameter set is selected considering further implementations on wearable off-the-shelf commercial devices.

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Kernel-based multi-step predictors for data-driven analysis and control of nonlinear systems through the velocity form

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Verhoek, Chris Tóth, Roland The Control Systems group The Dept. of Electrical Engineering The Eindhoven University of Technology Netherlands The Institute for Computer Science and Control Budapest Hungary

We propose kernel-based approaches for the construction of a single-step and multi-step predictor of the velocity form of nonlinear (NL) systems, which describes the time-difference dynamics of the corresponding NL system and admits a highly structured representation. The predictors in turn allow to formulate completely data-driven representations of the velocity form. The kernel-based formulation that we derive, inherently respects the structured quasi-linear and specific time-dependent relationship of the velocity form. This results in an efficient multi-step predictor for the velocity form and hence for nonlinear systems. Moreover, by using the velocity form, our methods open the door for data-driven behavioral analysis and control of nonlinear systems with global stability and performance guarantees. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Nonlinear simulations

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Differential Co-expression Network Analysis to Investigate Sexual Dimorphism in Colon Cancer

Differential Co-expression Network Analysis to Investigate S...

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedicine, BIBM 2022

作者： Alfano, Caterina Farina, Lorenzo Petti, Manuela Sapienza University of Rome PhD Program in Network Oncology and Precision Medicine Rome Italy Sapienza University of Rome PhD Program in Network Oncology and Precision Medicine Dept. of Computer Control and Management Engineering Rome Italy Sapienza University of Rome Dept. of Computer Control and Management Engineering Rome Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781665468190

Colorectal cancer is the third most diagnosed cancer in the world, but it has a higher mortality rate in men compared to women. However, we are not close to understanding how and why sex influences the outcome of the disease. This study focuses on mRNA expression profiles of colon cancer patients to look for molecular differences in the development of colon cancer between men and women. We used paired expression data (i.e., data collected in pairs of normal and cancer cells, by taking samples from the same individual), we identified differentially expressed genes (cancer vs normal) and computed co-expression and differential co-expression gene networks (men vs women). Doing so, we inferred the main changes and alterations happening in cancer tissues, and specifically how these changes were different among men and women. We found that the co-expression networks of women and men affected by colon cancer are quite different and we reported the genes that show the most differences in this comparison, checking if they could also be associated to sexual dimorphism or sexual hormones. Among these genes we found a interesting presence of genes associated to the Wnt signaling pathway which has been found to be regulated by estrogen and whose activation is strongly linked with colon cancer. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Diseases

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