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Hybrid CNN-ViT architecture to exploit spatio-temporal feature for fire recognition trained through transfer learning

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第8期84卷 4703-4732页

作者： Shahid, Mohammad Wang, Hong-Cyuan Chen, Yung-Yao Hua, Kai-Lung Dept. of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Dept. of Electronic and Computer Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan

Fires are becoming one of the major natural hazards that threaten the ecology, economy, human life and even more worldwide. Therefore, early fire detection systems are crucial to prevent fires from spreading out of control and causing destruction. Based on vision sensors, many fire detection techniques have evolved with the recent surge of curiosity in deep learning, which exploits the spatial features of individual images. However, fire can take different forms, scales, and combustion materials can produce different colors, making accurate fire detection from an image challenging. Small fires captured from long-distance cameras lack salient features, further complicating detection. This paper proposes a hybrid structure that uses attention-enhanced convolutional neural networks and vision transformers (CNN-ViT) to detect fire. The proposed CNN-ViT first pays spatial attention to every frame and then aggregates temporal contextual information from neighboring frames to improve detection performance. Due to the limited availability of training fire datasets, the study employs deep transfer learning for feature extraction using pre-trained CNN. We used various metrics to examine the efficacy of the proposed approach. The results showed that the CNN-ViT method outperformed previous models based on spatial-temporal characteristics by achieving a relative improvement in accuracy and F1 score. The satisfactory results on images contaminated with different intensities of noise confirm the robustness of the approach. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Fires

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J-NECORA: A Framework for Optimal Resource Allocation in Cloud-Edge-Things Continuum for Industrial Applications With Mobile Nodes

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IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2025年第11期12卷 16525-16542页

作者： Pettorali, Marco Righetti, Francesca Vallati, Carlo Das, Sajal K. Anastasi, Giuseppe Univ. of Pisa Dept. of Information Engineering Italy Missouri Univ. of Science and Technology Dept. of Computer Science RollaMO United States

In the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) landscape, where the Cloud-to-Things Continuum (C2TC) paradigm is now a reality, industrial applications need to cope with highly heterogeneous network and computing resources. Moreover, many industrial applications also involve Mobile Nodes (MNs). Efficient allocation of network and computing resources to meet the stringent requirements of such applications is often a very challenging task. In this paper, we propose J-NECORA (Joint NEtwork and COmputing Resource Allocation), a comprehensive analytical framework to derive the optimal joint allocation of network and computing resources in the C2TC, that guarantees the application requirements, even in the presence of MNs. If the optimal allocation does not exist, J-NECORA provides a best-effort allocation that minimizes the delay. The proposed framework is highly modular and flexible, and can be easily customized to different scenarios. We validated its effectiveness through simulation experiments, focusing on a specific use case. For the considered scenarios, the performance predicted by our framework matches quite closely the simulation results. © 2014 IEEE.

关键词： Cloud platforms

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Moth flame optimization algorithm for efficient feature selection and hybrid classification technique for intrusion detection system

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年 1-21页

作者： Keerthanarani, U. Selvakumar, V. Singaravelan, S. Raja, S. Edwin Thenmozhi, K. Shunmugam, D. Arun Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering P.S.R Engineering College Sivakasi India Dept.Of Computer Science and Engineering Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R & d Institute of Science and Technology Chennai Avadi India Dept. Of Computer Science and Engineering Coimbatore Institute of Engineering and Technology Coimbatore India Dept. Of Electronics and Communication Engineering P.S.R Engineering College Sivakasi India

The rapid expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT) brings numerous benefits but further presents fresh difficulties, especially in terms of security. The distributed and interconnected nature of IoT devices makes them susceptible to various security threats. An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) plays a crucial role in safeguarding IoT networks by monitoring, detecting, and responding to potential security incidents. The Internet of Things (IoT) connects billions of devices, sensors, and systems, transforming industries and everyday life. However, this extensive interconnectivity also introduces significant security risks, making Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) a critical component for safeguarding IoT environments. Feature selection is a crucial aspect of building effective Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Selecting relevant features not only helps in achieving better classification accuracy but also contributes to reducing false alarm rates. In the proposed system a moth flame optimizer is utilized to select the efficient features from the dataset, overall accuracy of over 97%. Further it is classified employing Random Forest and J48 classifier which attains high classification accuracy and low false alarm rate. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Feature Selection

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Differential Privacy-Based data Collection for Improving data Utility and Reducing Computational Overhead

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2025年第1期74卷 102-108页

作者： Kim, Jong Wook Dept. of Computer Science Sangmyung University Korea Republic of

With the rise of real-time data collection through mobile devices such as smartphones, user-driven decision-making systems in various fields such as transportation and healthcare have advanced significantly. However, increasing concerns about the privacy of sensitive information have emerged, leading to the widespread use of differential privacy (DP) to mitigate these risks. Among DP-based data collection methods, local differential privacy (LDP) and distributed differential privacy (DDP) are prominent. While LDP provides low computational overhead, it compromises data utility, while DDP provides better utility at the cost of higher computational overhead. To address these limitations, this paper introduces a DP-compliant (θ,λ) data collection method. The proposed approach collects a fraction of θ of the total items and a fraction of λ of the total user data, achieving improved data utility compared to LDP while significantly reducing computational overhead compared to DDP, resulting in more efficient data collection. Experimental results on real-world datasets show that the proposed method not only improves data utility over LDP, but also effectively reduces computational overhead over DDP. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： data collection

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An Evolutionary Algorithm for the Travelling Sales Man problem 3

An Evolutionary Algorithm for the Travelling Sales Man probl...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Waseem, Shaik Mohammad Jeshwanth, N.L. Lingesh, A. Jayanth, Matta Bhargavi, C.H. Dhanwanth, Batini Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Dept. of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Chennai India Sai Spurthi Institute of Technology Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Gangaram Sathuaplly India Jönköping University Dept. of Ai Engineering Jönköping Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

This study explores the use of Genetic Algorithms (GA) to solve the NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem known as the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). The suggested GA, called GA-P, performs better than conventional techniques because it uses a new randomized crossover threshold. According to experimental assessments, GA-P outperforms a normal Genetic Algorithm with fixed crossover (GA-N, 628.6) and approaches the best Branch and Bound solutions (B&B, 560.6) with an average cost of 617.4 for 16-node graphs. With average execution times of 0.1347 seconds for 16 nodes, GA-P also demonstrates constant computational efficiency, outperforming B&B's exponentially growing temporal complexity (169.37 seconds for 16 nodes). In order to balance solution quality and computational cost, hyperparameter tweaking revealed the ideal values of population percentage (pp = 1.1), crossover proportion (cp = 0.8), mutation threshold (mt = 0.3), and exploration probability (ep = 0.2). The results show that GA-P is a scalable and efficient substitute for TSP, with room for improvement via parallelization and exploratory techniques. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Traveling salesman problem

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SINR-Delay Constrained Node Localization in RIS-Assisted Time-Varying IoT Networks Using ML Frameworks

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IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management 2025年第2期22卷 1544-1557页

作者： Bhardwaj, Vikash Kumar Mundada, Gagan Sahoo, Omm Prakash Shukla, Mahendra K. Pandey, Om Jee Varanasi Dept. of Electronics Engineering 221005 India University of California San Diego Computer Science and Engineering Dept United States Varanasi Dept. of Electrical Engineering 221005 India ABV-IIITM Gwalior Dept. of Information Technology India

Node localization in time-varying Internet of Things (IoT) networks is an essential problem due to increased delay and poor Signal-to-Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) at the Base Station (BS). To improve the received signal strength at the BS, Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) has recently been used between transmitter and receiver. Additionally, novel phase prediction methods and optimal weight assignment frameworks have been proposed over RIS and BSs, respectively. Nevertheless, these methods suffer from poor performance due to their heuristic approach, resulting in more time consumption and poor SINR. Motivated by the aforementioned challenges, we propose a novel node localization method over a RIS-assisted time-varying IoT network using Machine Learning (ML) frameworks in this work. Firstly, the method computes the optimal phase configuration over the RIS corresponding to each element using coeff2phaseNN, which has been trained on channel coefficients among the transmitter, receiver, and RIS. Subsequently, the weight of the individual antenna element at the BS is optimized using the proposed VectorSync model. The results confirm that the coeff2phaseNN method demonstrates a reduction of 89.79% in total MSE loss compared to the Artificial Neural Network-RIS (ANN-RIS) method. Additionally, it demonstrates a 71.04% reduction in the absolute RIS phase prediction deviation from the optimal phase compared to the ANN-RIS method. Moreover, the proposed VectorSync method attains a 79.28% and 92.29% reduction in time required for optimal weight assignment compared to the Bartlett and Capon methods, respectively. Finally, the Localization Error(LR) using the proposed method is compared to conventional methods in a time-varying experimental scenario and found to be the minimum, i.e., 6.156%. © 2004-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Signal to noise ratio

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A Serendipity Recommendation Method for Book Categories Using BERT to Strengthen the Web Service of the Book

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Journal of Web engineering 2025年第2期24卷 199-216页

作者： Kim, Youngmo Kim, Seok-Yoon Park, Byeongchan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Soongsil University South Korea

In the field of book search, research on a web service-based user-customized book recommendation system is being conducted to respond to increasingly diverse user requirements. The collaborative filtering algorithm, which is mainly used for book recommendation, has a problem in that it is difficult to reflect the user’s recent interest without considering the changes in preference over time, and the user’s satisfaction decreases because it repeatedly recommends only similar items. In this paper, we propose a book recommendation method using category similarity based on deep learning. The proposed method is to predict books to be used next time by inputting users’ past and current book usage history through BERT, a natural language processing model, and to recommend popular books in other categories with high similarity to the predicted book category in the BERT model to reflect serendipity. This method reflects serendipity, which can lead to users’ recent interests and practical preferences, so that recommendation accuracy and user satisfaction can be satisfied at the same time. © 2025 River Publishers.

关键词： BERT book category recommendation serendipity Web service

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Role of IoT in Smart Cities: A Review, Applications, Open Challenges and Solutions 3

Role of IoT in Smart Cities: A Review, Applications, Open Ch...

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3rd International Conference on Electronics and Renewable Systems, ICEARS 2025

作者： Vivek, Kolla Swetha, Gurrala Kumar M, V. T. Ram Pavan Veni, Anusuri Krishna Praveen, Neti Kale, Masthan Rao Dept. of Cse Andhra Pradesh Ongole India Dept. of Cse Telangana India Kakaraparti Bhavanarayana College Dept. of Computer Science Andhra Pradesh Vijayawada India Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering - Data Science Andhra Pradesh Madanapalle517325 India Srkr Engineering College Dept. of Computer Science and Design Andhra Pradesh Bhimavaram India Dept. of Cse Andhra Pradesh Ongole India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331509675

Smart cities have emerged as a response to the fast expansion of metropolitan areas;these places strive to improve the lives of their residents while simultaneously promoting environmentally responsible growth. To maximize urban services, the Internet of Things (IoT) is an essential technology that allows for the seamless integration of sensors, devices, and systems. This allows smart cities to become a reality. With an emphasis on smart transportation, energy management, healthcare, environmental monitoring, and public safety, this paper explores the critical role of IoT in smart cities. data security, privacy, scalability, and interoperability are some of the problems that arise when smart cities use IoT, despite the revolutionary potential it has. These obstacles are thoroughly examined in this work, along with possible solutions to these problems. This study gives a thorough overview of the IoT and its impact on smart city development, innovation, and urban resilience by focusing on the present situation, applications, and unanswered questions. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Digital Technology Drainage Monitoring Fire detection Smart City Waste Management

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The Utilization of Google Cloud in the Healthcare Industry 2

The Utilization of Google Cloud in the Healthcare Industry

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2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Autonomous Systems, ICMLAS 2025

作者： Kapse, Rishikesh Gourshettiwar, Palash Faculty of Engineering and Technology Dept. of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science Maharashtra Wardha India Faculty of Engineering and Technology Dept. of Computer Science And Medical Engineering Maharashtra Wardha India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505745

This essay's primary focus is on Google Cloud's use in healthcare and how it affects data management, teamwork, and cost-effectiveness. With a focus on Google Cloud, which improves the processing, storing, and accessibility of medical data, the study examines the trends, advantages, and persistent challenges that come with the increasing usage of cloud computing technology. These consist of remote patient monitoring, 'artificial intelligence,' and 'machine learning' applications in diagnostics, diagnostics, and personalized medicine. data privacy, security issues, and concerns with the HIPAA incident are among the problems that are discussed along with all the significant elements that could facilitate the cloud migration of healthcare. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Theranostics

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Analysis of Magnetization Characteristic Based B-H Curve Fitting According to the Operation Conditions for Traction Motor

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2025年第2期74卷 310-315页

作者： Kim, Young-Hyun Lee, Jung-Ho Dept. of Electrical Engineering Hanbat University Korea Republic of Dept. of Electrical Engineering Daejeon Institute of Science and Technology Korea Republic of

This paper examines the demagnetization characteristics of rare earth permanent magnets (PMs) used in electric machinery. An analytical model was designed considering a controllable shape, temperature, and the external magnetic field in PMs used in the rotor of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for driving an electric railway vehicle (ERV). The demagnetization process was analysed based on the magnetization and demagnetization theory for PM materials in computer simulation. The result of the analysis can be used to calculate the magnetization and demagnetization phenomenon according to the input B-H curves. So, this paper presents the conditions of demagnetization by the external magnetic field in the running and stopped states and proposes a simulation method that can analyse demagnetization phenomena according to each condition and be used to design the IPMSM that maximizes efficiency and torque characteristics. This was experimentally verified. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： Permanent magnets

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