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2012 ACM/IEEE International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design, ISLPED'12

作者： Zhao, Jishen Sun, Guangyu Loh, Gabriel H. Xie, Yuan Pennsylvania State University Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering United States Peking University Center for Energy-efficient Computing and Applications China Advanced Micro Devices Inc. AMD Research United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781450312493

We propose an energy-efficient reconfigurable in-package graphics memory design that integrates wide-interface graphics DRAMs with GPU on a silicon interposer. We reduce the memory power consumption by scaling down the supply voltage and frequency while maintaining the same or higher peak bandwidth. Furthermore, we design a reconfigurable memory interface and propose two reconfiguration mechanisms to optimize system energy efficiency and throughput. The proposed memory architecture can reduce memory power consumption up to 54%, without reconfiguration. The reconfigurable interface can improve system energy efficiency by 23% and throughput by 30% under a power budget of 240W*. © 2012 ACM.

关键词： Energy efficiency

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NetStage/DPR: A self-reconfiguring platform for active and passive network security operations

NetStage/DPR: A self-reconfiguring platform for active and p...

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作者： Mühlbach, Sascha Koch, Andreas Secure Things Group Mornewegstr. 32 64293 Darmstadt Germany Technische Universität Darmstadt Dept. of Computer Science Embedded Systems and Applications Group Hochschulstr. 10 64289 Darmstadt Germany

Increasing transmission speeds in high-performance networks pose significant challenges to protecting the systems and networking infrastructure. Reconfigurable devices have already been used with great success to implement lower-levels of appropriate security measures (e.g., deep-packet inspection). We present a reconfigurable computing architecture supporting a broad spectrum of network security functionality in dedicated hardware. This includes application layer tasks (e.g., HTTP or SMTP processing) as well as the capability to autonomously adapt itself to varying traffic patterns using dynamic partial reconfiguration. The system is experimentally evaluated when implementing a honeynet-in-a-box to collect malware for potentially hundreds of thousands of emulated vulnerable hosts, as well as in a network-traffic anomaly detection role. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA)

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Electromechanical wave Green's function estimation from ambient electrical grid frequency noise

Electromechanical wave Green's function estimation from ambi...

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2012 45th Hawaii International Conference on System sciences, HICSS 2012

作者： Backhaus, Scott Liu, Yilu Material Physics and Applications Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM 87545 United States Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of Tennessee Knoxville Knoxville TN 37996 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780769545257

Many electrical grid transients can be described by the propagation of electromechanical (EM) waves that couple oscillations of power flows over transmission lines and the inertia of synchronous generators. These EM waves can take several forms: large-scale standing waves forming inter-area modes, localized oscillations of single or multi-machine modes, or traveling waves that spread quasi-circularly from major grid disturbances. The propagation speed and damping of these EM waves are potentially a powerful tool for assessing grid stability, e.g. small signal or rotor angle stability, however, EM wave properties have been mostly extracted from postevent analysis of major grid disturbances. Using a small set of data from the FNET sensor network, we show how the spatially resolved Green's function for EM wave propagation can be extracted from ambient frequency noise without the need for a major disturbance. If applied to an entire interconnection, an EM-wave Green's function map will enable a model-independent method of predicting the propagation of grid disturbances and assessing stability. © 2012 IEEE.

关键词： Frequency estimation

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The Demeter Framework for model and data interoperability

The Demeter Framework for model and data interoperability

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6th Biennial Meeting of the International Environmental Modelling and Software Society: Managing Resources of a Limited Planet, iEMSs 2012

作者： Fritzinger, Eric Dascalu, Sergiu M. Ames, Daniel P. Benedict, Karl Gibbs, Ivan McMahon Jr., Michael J. Harris Jr., Frederick C. Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering University of Nevada Reno United States Department of Geosciences Idaho State University United States Earth Data Analysis Center University of New Mexico United States

ISBN: (纸本)9788890357428

This paper presents an overview of the Demeter Framework being developed at the University of Nevada, Reno as part of the Nevada Climate Change Portal. The Demeter Framework proposes a new solution to the model coupling problem by taking a component-based approach that allows almost any standard or type of component to be integrated within the system. For example, the DotSpatial toolbox from Idaho State University is currently being integrated into the Demeter Framework to handle complex geospatial processing, and can then be linked with components from many different sources. The Demeter Framework utilizes flow control and automated data conversions to help manage the issues that arise with non-homogenous component standards. It also encourages usergenerated content that can expand the functionality and availability of components, and as a result will also allow researchers to share their work freely and with very few logistical hindrances. The framework also relies on web service-based components to not only enable access to high-powered computing resources but also to help transcend the programming language and operating system barriers that many software frameworks encounter. The paper provides details on the key architectural concepts and components (activities, translators, channels, and data format converters) that make model and data interoperability possible with Demeter, presents the framework's Silverlight-based "Persephone" interface designed for user-friendly scenario configuration and execution, describes the workflow runtime web-service being developed, and, finally, provides examples of integration involving WaterOneFlow web services as data sources and DotSpatial toolset items as computational components.

关键词： Web services

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A Proposal for Source Separation of Heartbeat Sounds and Its FPGA Implementation

A Proposal for Source Separation of Heartbeat Sounds and Its...

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International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies (CSNT)

作者： R.S. Geethu Sudhish N. George M. Krishna Kumar Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engg National Institute of Technology Calicut Dept. of Computer Applications Cochin University of Science & Technology

Heart sounds are obtained by the beating heart and the resultant flow of blood through it (particularly, the turbulence created when the heart valves snap shut). A patient's heart problem is often inferred by the doctor after listening to the heartbeat sound. This technique is known as auscultation. Auscultation is the most difficult skill for a doctor, since this skill can be acquired only by experience. If these sounds can be separated, the doctors can make the diagnosis more accurately and easily and also the chances for finding a disease at an early stage increases. We propose a technological solution for the conventional auscultation which is based on source separation of heart sound (S 1 , S 2 , S 3 and S 4 ) using FastICA and its FPGA implementation. The heart sound mixtures are captured by placing the required number of sensors at appropriate positions in body. The signals can be used for observation. The sound mixtures to be separated into its sources were given as input to FastICA algorithm. The separated heartbeat sounds can be processed).

关键词： Heart beat Source separation Independent component analysis Sensors Field programmable gate arrays Medical services

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On left and right seeds of a string

On left and right seeds of a string

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作者： Christou, Michalis Crochemore, Maxime Guth, Ondrej Iliopoulos, Costas S. Pissis, Solon P. King's College London Dept. of Informatics United Kingdom Czech Technical University in Prague Faculty of Information Technology Dept. of Theoretical Computer Science Czech Republic Curtin University Digital Ecosystems and Business Intelligence Institute Center for Stringology and Applications Australia Université Paris-Est France

We consider the problem of finding the repetitive structure of a given string y of length n. A factor u of y is a cover of y, if every letter of y lies within some occurrence of u in y. A string v is a seed of y, if it is a cover of a superstring of y. A left seed of y is a prefix of y, that is a cover of a superstring of y. Similarly, a right seed of y is a suffix of y, that is a cover of a superstring of y. An integer array LS is the minimal left-seed (resp. maximal left-seed) array of y, if LS[i] is the minimal (resp. maximal) length of left seeds of y[0.i]. The minimal right-seed (resp. maximal right-seed) array RS of y is defined in a similar fashion. In this article, we present linear-time algorithms for computing all left and right seeds of y, a linear-time algorithm for computing the minimal left-seed array of y, a linear-time solution for computing the maximal left-seed array of y, an O(nlogn)-time algorithm for computing the minimal right-seed array of y, and a linear-time solution for computing the maximal right-seed array of y. All algorithms use linear auxiliary space. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Clustering algorithms

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Brain portion peeling from T2 axial MRI head scans using clustering and morphological operation

Brain portion peeling from T2 axial MRI head scans using clu...

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International Conference on Emerging Trends in science, Engineering and Technology (INCOSET)

作者： K. Somasundaram K. Ezhilarasan Dept. of Computer Science Applications Gandhigram Rural Institute (Deemed University) Dindigul Tamil Nadu India

ISBN: (纸本)9781467351416

Automatic brain segmentation methods are useful but are computationally intensive tools in medical image processing. In this study, we propose a brain segmentation method based on clustering and morphological operation. Initially, from the middle slice of the whole volume, the brain portion is segmented and using this as a reference, brain portion in the remaining slices are extracted. Experiments using the proposed method on two T2 weighted data set show that the proposed method gives satisfactory results.

关键词： MRI head scans clustering morphological operation Morphological operations Cluster Analysis MRI of head image segmentation Medical image processing Cerebrum T2

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Box-particle intensity filter

Box-particle intensity filter

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9th IET data Fusion and Target Tracking Conference: Algorithms and applications, DF and TT 2012

作者： Schikora, M. Gning, A. Mihaylova, L. Cremers, D. Koch, W. Streit, R. Fraunhofer FKIE Dept. Sensor Data and Information Fusion Wachtberg Germany University of Lancaster School of Computing and Communications United Kingdom University College London Department of Computer Science United Kingdom Technical University of Munich Department of Computer Science Germany Metron Inc. Reston VA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781849196246

This paper develops a novel approach for multi-target tracking, called box-particle intensity filter (box-iFilter). The approach is able to cope with unknown clutter, false alarms and estimates the unknown number of targets. Furthermore, it is capable of dealing with three sources of uncertainty: stochastic, set-theoretic and data association uncertainty. The box-iFilter reduces the number of particles significantly, which improves the runtime considerably. The low particle number enables this approach to be used for distributed computing. A box-particle is a random sample that occupies a small and controllable rectangular region of non-zero volume. Manipulation of boxes utilizes the methods from the field of interval analysis. Our studies suggest that the box-iFilter reaches an accuracy similar to a sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) iFilter but with much less computational costs.

关键词： Distributed computer systems

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An Efficient Approach for Finding Near Duplicate Web Pages Using Minimum Weight Overlapping Method

An Efficient Approach for Finding Near Duplicate Web Pages U...

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International Conference on Information Technology: New Generations (ITNG)

作者： Shine N. Das Midhun Mathew Pramod K. Vijayaraghavan Dept. of Computer Applications CUSAT INDIA Dept. of Comp. Science & Engg. MBITS Kothamangalam INDIA Cochin University of Science and Technology Kochi Kerala IN

The existence of billions of web data has severely affected the performance and reliability of web search. The presence of near duplicate web pages plays an important role in this performance degradation while integrating data from heterogeneous sources. Web mining faces huge problems due to the existence of such documents. These pages increase the index storage space and thereby increase the serving cost. By introducing efficient methods to detect and remove such documents from the Web not only decreases the computation time but also increases the relevancy of search results. We aim a novel idea for finding near duplicate web pages which can be incorporated in the field of plagiarism detection, spam detection and focused web crawling scenarios. Here we propose an efficient method for finding near duplicates of an input web page, from a huge repository. A TDW matrix based algorithm is proposed with three phases, rendering, filtering and verification, which receives an input web page and a threshold in its first phase, prefix filtering and positional filtering to reduce the size of record set in the second phase and returns an optimal set of near duplicate web pages in the verification phase by using Minimum Weight Overlapping (MWO) method. The experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms in terms of two benchmark measures, precision and recall, and a reduction in the size of competing record set.

关键词： Web pages Filtering Rendering (computer graphics) Search engines Algorithm design and analysis Standards

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Caricature system using moving least squares based on Justin

International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineeri...

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International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Engineering 2012年第3期7卷 69-78页

作者： Lee, Jiye Byun, Hae Won Dept. of Computer Science Sungshin Women's University Korea Republic of LOTTE Data Communication Company Korea Republic of

In this paper, we propose a new automatically generation system of caricature which emphasizes the unique characteristics of the input images. This system can create the cartoon character similar to user's features by using set rules adopted a particular artist's technique. Input image is transformed by using MLS(Moving Least Squares) approximation[1] based on a predefined cartoon character's image. The unique characteristics of user can be detected by comparing the information between the mean face feature and the input face feature extracted by AAM(Active Appearance Model) [2]. In this paper, to exaggerate the detected unique characteristics, we set-up the exaggeration rules using the technique of Justin[10] who is caricature artist. In addition, during the cartooning process, user's hairs and accessories are applied to the deformed image to make a close resemblance. Reliable and matured caricature can be represented through the exaggeration rules of the actual caricature artist's techniques. From this study, we can easily create a cartoon caricature appearing user's feature by combining a caricature with existing cartoon researches.

关键词： Caricature Cartoon Image deformation Justin MLS

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