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EMT-Based RDR and DWT Protection Techniques Simulation of Three-Winding Power Transformer

Transactions of the Korean Institute of electrical Engineers 2025年第2期74卷 258-265页

作者： Lee, Kyung-Min Park, Chul-Won Dept. of Electrical Engineering Gangneung-Wonju National University Korea Republic of

Recently, as inverter-based VREs are connected to the power grid, fault phenomena different from those of conventional synchronous generator-based power grids are appearing. This paper was conducted as a preliminary step in the development of an improved protective relaying algorithm that can prevent malfunctions in transformer systems. First, we describe the RDR based on the second harmonic using FFT, and the transformer protection technique based on DWT. We model a 345/161/23kV, 600MVA three-winding power transformer system using real system data. After reviewing the accuracy of the result of the steady-state simulation, we analyze the transients of magnetizing inrush, winding ground fault, and winding short-circuit fault. Finally, we simulate and implement the RDR protection technique with second-harmonic restraint using FFT of PSCAD library in EMT tools, and the protection of power transformer using DWT of EMT library and verify its performance. Copyright © The Korean Institute of electrical Engineers.

关键词： Electric power transmission networks

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Study on the Application of Starting Method of Multi-Pole High Voltage Induction Motor for Drainage Pumping Station

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of electrical Engineers 2025年第4期74卷 561-567页

作者： Kim, Jong-Gyeum Dept. of Electrical Engineering National Gangneung-wonju University Korea Republic of

Induction motors are widely used as a power source for rotating loads due to their simplicity of structure, robustness, long lifespan, and ease of maintenance. However, these motors can cause voltage drops in loads connected to the same line when a significant voltage drop occurs during the starting process, as high current is generated. To mitigate this issue, various starting methods are employed based on the motor’s capacity to reduce the starting current. In drainage facilities that are operated temporarily during the rainy season, low-head pumping facilities are typically used. For such drainage pumping stations, which require the instantaneous discharge of large volumes of water, high-capacity multi-pole induction motors are often employed. When the motor capacity is large, reactor starting is frequently chosen over direct starting. Additionally, it is essential to consider the duration of the voltage drop when selecting the starting method. In drainage facilities, the facility capacity may be large due to temporary operations, but the operating system is relatively simple. This study compared and analyzed changes in voltage and the time required to reach the rated speed when pumping equipment, considering the moment of inertia, was started directly using a multi-pole induction motor and when started with a reactor. The analysis confirmed a difference in response time, and the voltage drop was found to be within the allowable range. © The Korean Institute of electrical Engineers.

关键词： Pumps

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A Study on Efficiency of Improving Congestion Based on Distributed Pumped Storage Power Plant

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of electrical Engineers 2025年第1期74卷 43-48页

作者： Lee, Kyung-Min Park, Chul-Won Dept. of Electrical Engineering Gangneung-Wonju National University Korea Republic of

In order to minimize transmission constraints when delivering electric power from non-metropolitan areas to metropolitan area through the seven metropolitan tie-lines, it is necessary to construct eco-friendly power plants and transmission networks. This paper proposes the introduction of distributed pumped storage power generation utilizing the upper reservoir of an existing multipurpose hydroelectric power plant. First, based on the power system data of the 10th Basic Plan for Supply and Demand of Power, we analyze the northward current by assuming that 3GW of distributed pumped storage power generation is connected to the metropolitan area using PSS/E. We propose a congestion control method using the PTDF and GSF based on the change in the active power. Finally, we calculate the congestion of the seven metropolitan tie-lines and evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed pumped storage power plant using PTDF and GSF. Copyright © The Korean Institute of electrical Engineers.

关键词： Pumped storage power plants

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A Study on Power-Based Modeling for Predicting Nonlinear Compressed Air Flow Patterns

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of electrical Engineers 2025年第3期74卷 500-505页

作者： Lim, Chae-Young Yeo, Chae-Eun Kim, Kyung-Ho Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Dankook University Korea Republic of Dept. of Energy Environment IT Convergence Center Institute for Advanced Engineering Korea Republic of

In smart factory manufacturing processes, irregular and uncertain environmental factors can lead to unexpected equipment failures or abnormal operations, resulting in product defects, safety incidents, and energy waste, which ultimately reduce productivity. To prevent these issues and ensure stable equipment operation, it is essential to accurately predict not only equipment failures but also energy consumption. Maximizing energy efficiency requires a predictive model that comprehensively considers both equipment status and energy usage patterns. This study proposes a machine learning-based flow pattern prediction model using power data from smart factory manufacturing processes. The model utilizes Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) algorithms to predict equipment power consumption and flow patterns. By applying these prediction models to a digital twin framework, the study demonstrates the potential to optimize energy consumption. Copyright © The Korean Institute of electrical Engineers.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Dynamic Network Optimization with Deep Learning and Deployment of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces 19

Dynamic Network Optimization with Deep Learning and Deployme...

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19th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication, IMCOM 2025

作者： Jang, Nayeon Bae, Jeonghoon Tianyu, Tao Byun, Gyurin Bui, Phuoc-Nguyen Lee, Tae-Jin Choo, Hyunseung Dept. of AI Systems Engineering Korea Republic of Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507817

The proliferation of 5G technologies has presented challenges such as signal attenuation and high energy consumption. This study proposes a novel approach to enhance wireless networks by integrating Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to optimize signal propagation and predict the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI). A new framework combines K-means clustering for IRS deployment with a Temporal Convolutional Network-Gated Recurrent Unit (TCN-GRU) model for signal prediction. Using data from 15,000 Wi-Fi access points in Herefordshire, UK, the results demonstrate significant improvements in signal strength, with the proposed model achieving a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 37% lower than the existing models, indicating higher prediction accuracy. In addition to enhancing signal quality, the framework achieves throughput increases of 21.26% with single-group IRS and 64.91% with multi-group IRS. These results validate the proposed the potential of the framework to improve performance, making it suitable for next-generation wireless networks. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： 5G mobile communication systems

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GEOMETRICAL OPTIMIZATION OF A BI-PHASE HYBRID STEPPER MOTOR USING FEM

UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: Electrical Engineering an...

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UPB Scientific Bulletin, Series C: electrical engineering and computer Science 2025年第1期2025卷 273-288页

作者： Craiu, Ovidiu Ichim, Teodor Ionuț Dept. of Electrical Machines Materials and Drives Faculty of Electrical Engineering UNST Politehnica Bucharest Romania

The paper presents the optimization of a bi-phase hybrid stepper motor (HSM) using a 3D Finite Element Method (FEM) model. The motor is designed for space applications, has a 1° step, and specific outer dimensions. Different shapes of the rotor magnet and stator laminations were modeled to achieve the highest possible holding torque. The ratio between the tooth width and the tooth pitch of the HSM was chosen as 0.4 to maximize holding torque. Single, double, and triple-stack constructions were computed, and the motor’s holding torque values were compared. The 3D FEM model is complex as it includes the motor’s refined geometry, such as its very narrow airgap, the end windings, and the surrounding air, which allows computing the magnetic leakage flux. © 2025, Politechnica University of Bucharest. All rights reserved.

关键词： Space applications

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Inexpert Sensor Fusion Using an Adaptive Kalman Filter Approach 5

Inexpert Sensor Fusion Using an Adaptive Kalman Filter Appro...

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5th IEEE Middle East and North Africa COMMunications Conference, MENACOMM 2025

作者： Saab, Samer Lebanese American University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Byblos Lebanon

ISBN: (数字)9798331519957

ISBN: (纸本)9798331519957

Sensor fusion in complex systems often relies on well-calibrated, expert sensors to achieve accurate and reliable outcomes. Integrating untrained or inexpert sensors into such networks poses significant challenges such as the cost associated with manually training them for the overall network objective. This paper presents an adaptive Kalman filter (AKF) approach to seamlessly incorporate an inexpert sensor into an established sensor network. By leveraging the existing trained sensors, the proposed method dynamically adjusts the inexpert sensor's parameters, enabling it to contribute effectively to the overall system. We evaluate the performance of this approach using absolute errors and Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence. Preliminary results show that the proposed AKF achieves a KL divergence on the order of 10-4 in a binary classification task, significantly outperforming a recursive density estimation method. It is also shown that in a diverging multivariate target tracking problem, after being trained, two inexpert sensors successfully contribute to a sensor network, even after temporarily removing the expert sensor. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Kalman filters

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Unified Model Predictive Control for DC-DC Buck Converters: From Start-up to Steady-State Operation 14

Unified Model Predictive Control for DC-DC Buck Converters: ...

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14th Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition, APEC 2025

作者： Guo, Zhengchen Nelms, R.M. Auburn University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331516116

Presented in this paper is a unified model predictive control (MPC) method for DC-DC buck converters, designed to offer stable output voltage while simultaneously regulating inductor current. Utilizing only one control loop, this method simplifies the design and regulation process and enhances dynamic performance by avoiding additional control loops. The strategy supports both start-up and steady-state conditions, providing a soft start-up process and desired stable steady-state without extra procedures. Furthermore, the algorithm is suitable for buck converters operating in both continuous (CCM) and discontinuous conduction modes (DCM). The effectiveness of this approach is validated via simulation and experimental results. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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A Conformal Microwave Measurement System for Imaging Buried Anomalies

A Conformal Microwave Measurement System for Imaging Buried ...

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2025 United States National Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting, USNC-URSI NRSM 2025

作者： Islam, M. Shifatul Islam, M. Asiful Kiourti, Asimina Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43212 United States Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9781946815200

Microwave imaging has long been reported for locating buried anomalies inside a bulk object as relying upon external measurements of microwave data. The approach is noninvasive, low-cost, portable, and the use of non-ionizing radiation makes it popular for biomedical applications. In this work, we explore the experimental feasibility of a conformal microwave imaging system, where the antennas are mounted on or very close to the imaging object. Our proof of concept setup entails 12 antennas surrounding a plastic cylindrical frame in free space with two dielectric cylinders used as anomalies. S-parameters were measured using a network analyzer and a 12-port switching matrix. For imaging, we used the Born Iterative Method, where the data equation was replaced with the S-parameter sensitivity formula. Simulation and measurement results show good quality image reconstruction, asserting the feasibility of the proposed conformal imaging setup. Future work will incorporate tissue-emulating materials to ultimately develop a stable and wearable imaging system. © 2025 USNC-URSI.

关键词： Cylinders (shapes)

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A Study on Verification of Sewage Treatment Expert Operating Experience Using RNN

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of electrical Engineers 2025年第4期74卷 691-699页

作者： Nahm, Eui-Seok Dept. of AI Computer Engineering Far East University Korea Republic of

In this paper, we proposed a data quality and diversity guarantee plan and a method to verify the expert operation experience using RNN and a data quality and diversity guarantee plan to 1) solve the two problems of the sewage treatment expert driving experience and 2) the limitation of situation recognition and judgment. As a solution to the lack of data quality and diversity, not all data are used, but a method of filtering and using only the part that is the basis for determining the expert's experience was proposed. In addition, RNN was used to solve the problem of the limitation of situation recognition and judgment. The reason why RNN is used among various neural networks is that RNN is a neural network architecture for deep learning that predicts time series or sequential data, and sewage treatment data is also time series or sequential data. According to the proposed technique, a RNN model with a reliability of more than 8% was implemented, and the effectiveness of the proposed technique was verified by applying two experiences and one incorrect experience of actual operation experts of the target sewage treatment plant. As a result of the verification, both the actual driving expert's experiences 1 and 2 were verified as valid, and for incorrect experiences, there were 3,442 data that matched the expert's experience and 4,444 data that did not match, so the proposed method can verify the expert's experience. © The Korean Institute of electrical Engineers.

关键词： Sewage treatment plants

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