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Impact on mental health due to COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study in Bangladesh

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Clinical eHealth 2023年第1期6卷 42-52页

作者： Pathan, Refat Khan Biswas, Munmun Yasmin, Suraiya Uddin, Mohammad Amaz Das, Anindya Khandaker, Mayeen Uddin Faruque, M.R.I. Sarker, Moniruzzaman Dept. of Computing and Information Systems School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Selangor Bandar Sunway 47500 Malaysia Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering BGC Trust University Bangladesh Chittagong 4381 Bangladesh Department of Computer and Information Science Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology Koganei - 184-0012 Tokyo Japan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chittagong 4349 Bangladesh Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Chittagong University of Engineering and Technology Chittagong 4349 Bangladesh Center for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies School of Engineering and Technology Sunway University Selangor Bandar Sunway 47500 Malaysia Space Science Centre Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM Selangor Bangi Malaysia Department of Marketing Sunway University Business School Sunway University Selangor Bandar Sunway 47500 Malaysia Faculty of Graduate Studies Daffodil International University Daffodil Smart City Birulia Savar Dhaka – 1216 Bangladesh

The government of Bangladesh has implemented the “Stay Home” policy following the WHO recommendation to resist the community transmission of Covid-19. As a result, the routine activities of all government, semi-government establishments, including educational institutions, are severely affected, and the country's economic growth becomes slowed down. To overcome such a situation, the relevant authorities have introduced the “Work from Home” policy for the employees and “Remote Education” for students. However, due to the persistence of multi-dimensional socio-economic problems, many employees and students face big challenges in performing their regular jobs while adopting such a policy. Consequently, enormous psychological anxiety has been developed for all people, including students, parents, employees, etc., and concurrently created severe changes in their behavior. This study aims to analyze the reasons for the behavioral changes of the employees, students, academic staff, and family members of different ages due to psychological anxiety, stress, or physical issues. A comprehensive online-based survey has been carried out on people working in various sectors in Bangladesh. A modified Apriori Algorithm has been used to sort out the associations between the causes and types of behavioral changes. Analyzed data revealed a massive human behavioral change in most participants. This finding indicates that the negligence of those significant human behavioral changes may cause a higher risk of creating psychological imbalance. Therefore, there is a need to have a solid understanding of the reasons for the behavioral changes and set up standard guidelines to maintain “Work from Home” in this Covid-19 situation to avoid psychological imbalance. Based on this study, some suggestions have been given for implementation by the government on an urgent basis. © 2023

关键词： Apriori algorithm Behavioral changes Covid-19 outbreak Family crisis Work from home

SLIPT in Joint Dimming Multi-LED OWC Systems with Rate Splitting Multiple Access

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SLIPT in Joint Dimming Multi-LED OWC Systems with Rate Split...

IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)

作者： Sepideh Javadi Sajad Faramarzi Farshad Zeinali Hosein Zarini Mohammad Robat Mili Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis Eduard Jorswieck George K. Karagiannidis Pasargad Institute for Advanced Innovative Solutions (PIAIS) Tehran Iran Dept. of Electrical Engineering Iran University of Science and Technology Tehran Iran Dept. of Computer Engineering Sharif University of Technology Tehran Iran Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Institute for Communications Technology Technische Universitat Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany Artificial Intelligence & Cyber Systems Research Center Lebanese American University (LAU) Lebanon

ISBN: (数字)9781728190549

ISBN: (纸本)9781728190556

Optical wireless communication (OWC) systems with multiple light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have recently been explored to support energy-limited devices via simultaneous lightwave information and power transfer (SLIPT). The energy consumption, however, becomes considerable by increasing the number of incorporated LEDs. This paper proposes a joint dimming (JD) scheme that lowers the consumed power of a SLIPT-enabled OWC system by controlling the number of active LEDs. We further enhance the data rate of this system by utilizing rate splitting multiple access (RSMA). More specifically, we formulate a data rate maximization problem to optimize the beamforming design, LED selection and RSMA rate adaptation that guarantees the power budget of the OWC transmitter, as well as the quality-of-service (QoS) and an energy harvesting level for users. We propose a dynamic resource allocation solution based on proximal policy optimization (PPO) reinforcement learning. In simulations, the optimal dimming level is determined to initiate a trade-off between the data rate and power consumption. It is also verified that RSMA significantly improves the data rate.

关键词： Wireless communication Energy consumption Quality of service Reinforcement learning Light emitting diodes Dynamic scheduling Real-time systems

On the Stimulation Artifact Reduction during Electrophysiological Recording of Compound Nerve Action Potentials *

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On the Stimulation Artifact Reduction during Electrophysiolo...

Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Raphael Panskus Lukas Holzapfel Wouter A. Serdijn Vasiliki Giagka Dept. of Microelectronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology The Netherlands Dept. of System Integration and Interconnection Technologies Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM Berlin Germany Neuroscience Dept. Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam the Netherlands

Recording neuronal activity triggered by electrical impulses is a powerful tool in neuroscience research and neural engineering. It is often applied in acute electrophysiological experimental settings to record compound nerve action potentials. However, the elicited neural response is often distorted by electrical stimulus artifacts, complicating subsequent analysis. In this work, we present a model to better understand the effect of the selected amplifier configuration and the location of the ground electrode in a practical electrophysiological nerve setup. Simulation results show that the stimulus artifact can be reduced by more than an order of magnitude if the placement of the ground electrode, its impedance, and the amplifier configuration are optimized. We experimentally demonstrate the effects in three different settings, in-vivo and in-vitro.

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Deep Bayesian Blind Color Deconvolution of Histological Images

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Deep Bayesian Blind Color Deconvolution of Histological Imag...

IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Shuowen Yang Fernando Pérez-Bueno Francisco M. Castro-Macías Rafael Molina Aggelos K. Katsaggelos School of Optoelectronic Engineering Xidian University Xi’an China Dpto. Ciencias de la Computación e Inteligencia Artificial University of Granada Spain Research Center for Information and Communication Technologies (CITIC-UGR) Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Northwestern University Evanston IL USA

Histological images are often tainted with two or more stains to reveal their underlying structures and conditions. Blind Color Deconvolution (BCD) techniques separate colors (stains) and structural information (concentrations), which is useful for the processing, data augmentation, and classification of such images. Classical BCD methods rely on a complicated optimization procedure that has to be carried out on each image independently, i.e., they are not amortized methods. In contrast, once they have been trained, deep neural networks can be used in a fast, amortized manner on unseen inputs. Unfortunately, the lack of large databases of ground truth color and concentrations has limited the development of deep models for BCD. In this work, we propose a deep variational Bayesian BCD neural network (BCD-Net) for stain separation and concentration estimation. BCD-Net is trained by maximizing the evidence lower bound of the observed images, which does not require the use of ground truth examples of stains and concentrations. Results obtained using two multicenter databases (Camelyon-17 and a stain separation benchmark) demonstrate the effectiveness of BCD-Net in the stain separation tasks, while drastically reducing the computation time compared to classical non-amortized methods.

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UAV-Assisted Space-Air-Ground Integrated Networks: A Technical Review of Recent Learning Algorithms

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hajijamali, Atefeh Hu, Peng Zhu, Yeying The Dept. of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Waterloo ONN2L 3G1 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Manitoba The Faculty of Mathematics University of Waterloo ONN2L 3G1 Canada Digital Technologies Research Center National Research Council Canada

Recent technological advancements in space, air, and ground components have made possible a new network paradigm called "space-air-ground integrated network" (SAGIN). Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) play a key role in SAGINs. However, due to UAVs’ high dynamics and complexity, real-world deployment of a SAGIN becomes a significant barrier to realizing such SAGINs. UAVs are expected to meet key performance requirements with limited maneuverability and resources with space and terrestrial components. Therefore, employing UAVs in various usage scenarios requires well-designed planning in algorithmic approaches. This paper provides an essential review and analysis of recent learning algorithms in a UAV-assisted SAGIN. We consider possible reward functions and discuss the state-of-the-art algorithms for optimizing the reward functions, including Q-learning, deep Q-learning, multi-armed bandit, particle swarm optimization, and satisfaction-based learning algorithms. Unlike other survey papers, we focus on the methodological perspective of the optimization problem, applicable to various missions on a SAGIN. We consider real-world configurations and the 2-dimensional (2D) and 3-dimensional (3D) UAV trajectories to reflect deployment cases. Our simulations suggest the 3D satisfaction-based learning algorithm outperforms other approaches in most cases. With open challenges discussed at the end, we aim to provide design and deployment guidelines for UAV-assisted SAGINs. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Particle swarm optimization (PSO)

On the Philosophical, Cognitive and Mathematical Foundations of Symbiotic Autonomous Systems (SAS)

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Wang, Yingxu Karray, Fakhri Kwong, Sam Plataniotis, Konstantinos N. Leung, Henry Hou, Ming Tunstel, Edward Rudas, Imre J. Trajkovic, Ljiljana Kaynak, Okyay Kacprzyk, Janusz Zhou, Mengchu Smith, Michael H. Chen, Philip Patel, Shushma University of Calgary Canada FIEEE Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Waterloo ON Canada FIEEE Department of Computer Science City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong FIEEE Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Toronto ON Canada SMIEEE Toronto Research Centre DRDC Canada FIEEE Autonomous & Intelligent Systems Dept. Raytheon Technologies Research Center United States Óbuda University Budapest Hungary FIEEE School of Engineering Science Simon Fraser University BurnabyBC Canada FIEEE Bogazici University Bebek Istanbul Turkey FIEEE Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences Warsaw Poland FIEEE Dept. of Computer Science New Jersey Institute of Technology NJ United States SMIEEE Furaxa Inc. OrindaCA United States FIEEE School of Computer Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China FBCS Faculty of Computing Engineering and Media De Montfort University LeicesterLE1 9BH United Kingdom

Symbiotic Autonomous Systems (SAS) are advanced intelligent and cognitive systems exhibiting autonomous collective intelligence enabled by coherent symbiosis of human-machine interactions in hybrid societies. Basic research in the emerging field of SAS has triggered advanced general AI technologies functioning without human intervention or hybrid symbiotic systems synergizing humans and intelligent machines into coherent cognitive systems. This work presents a theoretical framework of SAS underpinned by the latest advances in intelligence, cognition, computer, and system sciences. SAS are characterized by the composition of autonomous and symbiotic systems that adopt bio-brain-social-inspired and heterogeneously synergized structures and autonomous behaviors. This paper explores their cognitive and mathematical foundations. The challenge to seamless human-machine interactions in a hybrid environment is addressed. SAS-based collective intelligence is explored in order to augment human capability by autonomous machine intelligence towards the next generation of general AI, autonomous computers, and trustworthy mission-critical intelligent systems. Emerging paradigms and engineering applications of SAS are elaborated via an autonomous knowledge learning system that symbiotically works between humans and cognitive robots. © 2021, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Cognitive systems

Impact of external magnetic fields on STT-MRAM

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dieny, Bernard Aggarwal, Sanjeev Naik, Vinayak Bharat Couet, Sebastien Coughlin, Thomas Fukami, Shunsuke Garello, Kevin Guedj, Jack Incorvia, Jean Anne C. Lebrun, Laurent Lee, Kyung-Jin Leonelli, Daniele Noh, Yonghwan Salimy, Siamak Soss, Steven Thomas, Luc Wang, Weigang Worledge, Daniel Univ. Grenoble Alpes CEA CNRS SPINTEC Grenoble38000 France Everspin Technologies 5670 W Chandler Blvd Suite 130 AZ85226 United States GlobalFoundries 400 Stone Break Rd Extension MaltaNY12020 United States Imec Leuven3001 Belgium Coughlin Associates AtascaderoCA United States Laboratory for Nanoelectronics and Spintronics Research Institute of Electrical Communication Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai980-8577 Japan Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Sendai980-8577 Japan NUMEM SunnyvaleCA United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Hprobe 4 Rue Irène Joliot Curie Eybens38320 France Daejeon Korea Republic of Huawei Technologies R&D Belgium N.V. Leuven Belgium Netsol Dongtan-daero 23-gil Hwaseong-si Gyeonggi-do Korea Republic of Applied Materials Santa ClaraCA95054-3299 United States Department of Physics Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering The University of Arizona TucsonAZ85721 United States IBM Almaden Research Center San JoseCA United States

This application note discusses the working principle of spin-transfer torquemagnetoresistive random access memory (STT-MRAM) and the impact that magneticfields can have on STT-MRAM operation. Sources of magnetic field and typicalmagnitudes of magnetic fields are given. Based on the magnitude of commonlyencountered external magnetic fields, we show below that magnetic immunity ofSTT-MRAM is sufficient for most uses once the chip is mounted on a printedcircuit board (PCB) or inserted in its working environment. This statement issupported by the experience acquired during 60 years of use of magnetic harddisk drives (HDD) including 20 years of HDD with readers comprising magnetictunnel junctions, 20+ years of use of magnetic field sensors as positionencoders in automotive industry and 15+ years of use of MRAM. Mainly duringchip handling does caution need to be exercised to avoid exposing the chip toexcessively high magnetic fields. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Automotive industry

Pulse and spectral responses of laser-excited twisted silica few-mode optical fiber with improved height of quasi-step refractive index profile

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Pulse and spectral responses of laser-excited twisted silica...

Optical technologies for Telecommunications 2021

作者： Bourdine, Anton V. Dashkov, Michael V. Kuznetsov, Artem A. Demidov, Vladimir V. Evtushenko, Alexander S. Barashkin, Alexey Yu. Ter-Nersesyants, Egishe V. Vasilets, Alexander A. Morozov, Oleg G. Burdin, Vladimir A. Dukelskii, Konstantin V. Sakhabutdinov, Airat Zh. Zaitseva, Elena S. Gizatulin, Azat R. Meshkov, Ivan K. Dmitriev, Eugeniy V. Ismail, Yaseera Petruccione, Francesco Singh, Ghanshyam Tiwari, Manish Yin, Juan Dept. of Communications Lines Povolzhskiy State University of Telecommunications and Informatics 77 Moscow av. Samara443090 Russia JSC Scientific Production Association State Optical Institute Named after Vavilov S.I. 36/1 Babushkin street St. Petersburg192171 Russia OptoFiber Lab LLC Skolkovo Innovation Center 7 Nobel street Moscow143026 Russia Dept. of Photonics and Communication Lines Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications Named after M.A. Bonch-Bruevich 22 Bolshevikov av. St. Petersburg193232 Russia Kazan National Research State University Named after A.N. Tupolev-KAI Dept. of Radiophotonics and Microwave Technologies 10 Karl Marx str. Kazan420111 Russia Faculty of Management and Engineering Business Kazan Innovative University Named after V.G. Timiryasov 42 Moskovskaya str. Kazan420111 Russia Faculty of Photonics and Optical Information School of Photonics ITMO University bldg. A 49 Kronverksky alley St. Petersburg197101 Russia Dept. of Telecommunication Systems Ufa State Aviation Technical University Karl Marx str. Ufa450000 Russia Dept. of Quantum Communication Systems Research Kazakova str. 16 Moscow105064 Russia Quantum Research Group School of Chemistry and Physics University of KwaZulu-Natal Durban4001 South Africa National Institute for Theoretical Physics KwaZulu-Natal South Africa Dept. of Electronics and Communication Engineering Malaviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur J.L.N Road Rajasthan Jaipur302017 India School of Electrical and Electronics and Communication Engineering Manipal University Jaipur Dehmi Kalan Off Jaipur-Ajmer Expressway Rajasthan Jaipur303007 India Division of Quantum Physics and Quantum Information University of Science and Technology of China No.99 Xiupu Road Pudong District Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510656451

This work presents some results of pulse and spectral responses, performed for laser-excited pilot sample of earlier on designed and fabricated chiral silica few-mode optical fiber (FMF) with induced twisting 66 revolutions per meter (rpm), typical (for telecommunication optical fibers) cladding diameter 125 µm, weakly increased core diameter up to 11 µm and numerical aperture NA=0.22, corresponding to improved height of quasi-step refractive index profile. Described FMF 11/125 provides propagation of 4 and 6 guided modes over "C"and "O"-bands, respectively. We present results of tests, focused on researches of few-mode effects, occurring under laser-excited optical signal propagation over pilot sample optical fiber, and their influence on pulse and spectral responses, including some measurements, performed for fiber Bragg grating, recorded in tested FMF 11/125. © 2022 SPIE.

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings

Triboelectric Backgrounds to Radio-based Polar UHE Neutrino Experiments

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Aguilar, J.A. Anker, A. Allison, P. Archambault, S. Baldi, P. Barwick, S.W. Beatty, J.J. Beise, J. Besson, Dave Bishop, A. Bondarev, E. Botner, O. Bouma, S. Buitink, S. Cataldo, M. Chen, C.C. Chen, C.H. Chen, P. Chen, Y.C. Choi, T. Clark, B.A. Clay, W. Curtis-Ginsberg, Z. Connolly, A. Cremonesi, L. Dasgupta, P. Davies, J. De Kockere, S. De Vries, K.D. Deaconu, C. DuVernois, M.A. Flaherty, J. Friedman, E. Gaior, R. Gaswint, G. Glaser, C. Hallgren, A. Hallmann, S. Ham, Y.-B. Hanson, J.C. Harty, N. Hendricks, B. Hoffman, K.D. Hong, E. Hornhuber, C. Hsu, S.Y. Hu, L. Huang, J.J. Huang, M.-H. Hughes, K. Ishihara, A. Jee, G. Jung, J. Karle, A. Kelley, J.L. Klein, S.R. Kleinfelder, S.A. Kim, J. Kim, K.-C. Kim, M.-C. Kravchenko, I. Krebs, R. Ku, Y. Kuo, C.Y. Kurusu, K. Kwon, Hyuck-Jin Lahmann, R. Landsman, H. Latif, U. Lee, C. Leung, C.-H. Li, C.-J. Liu, J. Liu, T.-C. Lu, M.-Y. Madison, K. Mammo, J. Mase, K. McAleer, S. Meures, T. Meyers, Z.S. Michaels, K. Mikhailova, M. Mulrey, K. Nam, J. Nichol, R.J. Nir, G. Nelles, A. Novikov, A. Nozdrina, A. Oberla, E. Oeyen, B. Osborn, J. Pan, Y. Pandya, H. Paul, M.P. Persichilli, C. Pfendner, C. Plaisier, I. Punsuebsay, N. Pyras, L. Rice-Smith, R. Roth, J. Ryckbosch, D. Scholten, O. Seckel, D. Seikh, M.F.H. Shiao, Y.-S. Shin, B.-K. Shultz, A. Smith, D. Southall, D. Tatar, J. Torres, J. Toscano, S. Tosi, D. Touart, J. Van Den Broeck, D.J. van Eijndhoven, N. Varner, G.S. Vieregg, A.G. Wang, M.-Z. Wang, S.-H. Wang, Y.H. Welling, C. Williams, D.R. Wissel, S. Xie, C. Yoshida, S. Young, R. Zhao, L. Zink, A. Universite Libre de Bruxelles Science Faculty CP230 BrusselsB-1050 Belgium Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Dept. of Physics Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics The Ohio State University ColumbusOH43210 United States Dept. of Physics Chiba University Chiba Japan Department of Information and Computer Science University of California IrvineCA92697 United States Uppsala University Department of Physics and Astronomy UppsalaSE-752 37 Sweden University of Kansas Department of Physics and Astronomy LawrenceKS66045 United States Dept. of Physics University of Wisconsin-Madison MadisonWI53706 United States ECAP Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg Erlangen91058 Germany Vrije Universiteit Brussel Astrophysical Institute Pleinlaan 2 Brussels1050 Belgium Dept. of Physics Grad. Inst. of Astrophys. Leung Center for Cosmology and Particle Astrophysics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Polar Science Korea University of Science and Technology Daejeon Korea Republic of Division of Atmospheric Sciences Korea Polar Research Institute Incheon Korea Republic of Department of Astronomy Space Science and Geology Chungnam National University Daejeon34134 Korea Republic of Dept. of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Dept. of Physics Enrico Fermi Institue Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics University of Chicago ChicagoIL60637 United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University College London London United Kingdom Vrije Universiteit Brussel Dienst ELEM Brussels Belgium Dept. of Physics University of Maryland College ParkMD20742 United States Whittier College Department of Physics WhittierCA90602 United States Dept. of Physics University of Delaware NewarkDE19716 United States Dept. of Physics Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802 United States Center for Multi-Messenger

The proposed IceCube-Gen2 seeks to instrument approximately 500 square kilometers of Antarctic ice near the geographic South Pole with radio antennas, in the hopes of observing the highest-energy neutrinos (E>1 EeV) populating the Universe. For this purpose IceCube-Gen2 will exploit the impulsive radio emission produced by neutrino interactions in the polar ice cap. In such polar-sited radio-frequency neutrino search experiments, rare single event candidates must be unambiguously identified above backgrounds. Background rejection strategies to date primarily target thermal noise fluctuations and also impulsive radio-frequency signals of anthropogenic origin. In this paper, we consider the possibility that ‘fake’ neutrino signals may also be generated naturally via the ‘triboelectric effect.’ This broadly describes any process in which force applied at a boundary layer results in displacement of surface charge, leading to the production of an electrostatic potential difference ∆V. Wind blowing over granular surfaces such as snow can induce such a potential difference, with subsequent coronal discharge. Discharges over timescales as short as nanoseconds can then lead to radio-frequency emissions at characteristic MHz – GHz frequencies. Using data from various past and current neutrino experiments, we find that such backgrounds are observed by all radio neutrino experiments and are generally characterized by: a) a threshold wind velocity which likely depends on the experimental signal trigger threshold and layout;for the experiments considered herein, this value is typically O(10 m/s), b) frequency spectra generally shifted to the low-end of the frequency regime to which current radio experiments are typically sensitive (100-200 MHz), c) for the strongest background signals, an apparent preference for discharges from above-surface structures, although the presence of more isotropic, lower amplitude triboelectric discharges cannot be excluded. Copyright © 2021, The Auth

关键词： Boundary layers