Deep learning using MRI images to classify brain tumours presents a significant challenge due to imbalanced training datasets, where one tumor type may have far more samples than others. The overrepresented class may ...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798331517984
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331517991
Deep learning using MRI images to classify brain tumours presents a significant challenge due to imbalanced training datasets, where one tumor type may have far more samples than others. The overrepresented class may perform worse in classifiers as a result of this imbalance. In order to tackle this issue, the paper examines how feature learning in CNNs is affected by weighted loss functions to manage data imbalance. The article propose deep feature fusion, where particular CNN model features that were trained using three distinct loss functions are fused and classified using softmax classifier. This approach lead to notable improvements in brain tumor classification compared to a CNN trained with standard cross-entropy loss. Notably, the proposed methods substantially reduce classification errors between uneven class samples. The proposed model achieved an impressive 94.5% classification accuracy, accompanied by an average Fl-score of 94.6%, average precision of 94.6 %, and average recall of 95%. These findings underscore the effectiveness of our methodology in improving brain tumor classification accuracy, offering a promising avenue for more reliable diagnosis and treatment planning in clinical settings,
In this paper, design and implementation of a 2D graphics processing hardware unit using FPGA for educational purpose is presented. We propose a more simple & minimalist GPU architecture, which is flexible and eas...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798350388282
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350388299
In this paper, design and implementation of a 2D graphics processing hardware unit using FPGA for educational purpose is presented. We propose a more simple & minimalist GPU architecture, which is flexible and easy to understand than existing industrial GPUs. We present a platform for understanding GPU architecture by implementing of graphics algorithms on FPGA for students to use this in laboratories. Students can be benefited from this work as it can be used as a base understanding tool in terms of GPU architecture. It can also be extended to be used in cross disciplinary applications like 3D rendering, computer vision and signal processing visualisation. This research includes descriptions of hardware realization of 2D rasterization rendering algorithms. Hardware Description Language (HDL) called verilog is utilized in designing the architecture. Xilinx Vivado Design Suite software is used for FPGA implementation, targeting Artix 7 FPGA board, which allows users to comprehend the fundamental ideas of hardware design and their applications in graphics rendering.
In the DC fault event, DC link capacitors immediately discharge a colossal current of high frequency. These large currents of high frequencies can instantly damage the components attached to the DC transmission system...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781665464543
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665464550
In the DC fault event, DC link capacitors immediately discharge a colossal current of high frequency. These large currents of high frequencies can instantly damage the components attached to the DC transmission system. Therefore, a rapid and robust DC fault detection topology is necessary, facilitating protection coordination in forthcoming Multi-Terminal Direct Current (MTDC) systems. This study introduces a novel fault detection technique using the time derivative of the High Pass Filter (HPF) response to identify fault currents in just a few microseconds (µs). This topology enables protection coordination for modern MTDC systems. Furthermore, this technique can identify different types of DC faults and remains unaffected by AC faults and load variation.
The Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has become a part of smart cities and road safety. Based on communication systems technologies, ITS can solve several road issues, such as accidents. A vehicular ad-hoc netw...
详细信息
Integrated circuit (IC) technology can be incorporated in programmable metasurfaces (PMSFs) and reduce their cost and power consumption while increasing their electromagnetic manipulation capabilities. Such improvemen...
Integrated circuit (IC) technology can be incorporated in programmable metasurfaces (PMSFs) and reduce their cost and power consumption while increasing their electromagnetic manipulation capabilities. Such improvements can succour the incorporation of PMSFs as a common telecommunication technology. In order for this to be realised, the reproducibility and reliability of IC-equipped PMSFs need to be addressed. A study is presented on effects of IC mismatch on the performance of a PMSF with multibeam functionality. A mismatch of 10% to 40% of the nominal IC response is used and the effects on the far field are presented.
Virtual Oscillator Control (VOC) represents a decentralized control technique in the time domain, offering promising prospects such as fast dynamic response, accurate power sharing, and synchronization among parallele...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9781665464543
ISBN:
(纸本)9781665464550
Virtual Oscillator Control (VOC) represents a decentralized control technique in the time domain, offering promising prospects such as fast dynamic response, accurate power sharing, and synchronization among paralleled inverters in islanded mode. However, it requires inner voltage-current loops for voltage regulation at the inverter output. These inner loops have conventionally relied on linear controllers such as Proportional–integral(PI) or Proportional-Resonant (PR), contributing to complexity and limiting dynamic response. This paper introduces an alternative to conventional linear loops by employing Finite-set Model Predictive Control (FS-MPC). By integrating the VOC and FS-MPC, the voltage at the output of the inverter can be predicted, and the error of tracking reference be minimized. Also, within the proposed method, a multi-objective optimization problem can be formulated enabling over-current limiting capabilities. It also facilitates a simplified control structure, broad bandwidth, and faster dynamic response by removing the need for PWM and inner linear controllers. Simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed approach for single and multiple paralleled inverters.
Content personalization on social platforms has been linked to the creation of filter bubbles. The algorithms provide content recommendations based on the user’s browsing history and interests, which limits content d...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798350394634
ISBN:
(纸本)9798350394641
Content personalization on social platforms has been linked to the creation of filter bubbles. The algorithms provide content recommendations based on the user’s browsing history and interests, which limits content diversity. Studies have been conducted on platforms such as Facebook and YouTube to investigate user awareness and strategies to exit filter bubbles. However, no study has employed a multi-platform, user-centered perspective in investigating filter bubble exit through change in search content, as well as the duration of the content transition across multiple platforms. This study examines the duration of user exit of filter bubbles, across three social platforms; TikTok, YouTube Shots, and Instagram Reels, as well as the impact of word similarity on the duration of the transition between contents, across the platforms. The methodology applied involved triggering the filter bubble effect through user interactions with the search content across the different platforms. Findings revealed that the mean time of a transition between search terms on TikTok is significantly higher than the mean time on Instagram reels, and YouTube shorts. Similarly, the study identified differences in the duration of transition across the different platforms, due to the similarity of the search terms. Apart from improving user awareness of a filter bubble exit strategy, this study contributes to Human-computer Interaction research by highlighting some design implications for future social media application design.
Despite technological advancements, Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) continue to face challenges related to reliability and high-speed mobility. This study focuses on enhancing scalability, improving mobility, and a...
详细信息
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurode-generative condition characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons, leading to various movement disorder symptoms. Early diagnosis of PD is crucial to prevent...
详细信息
ISBN:
(数字)9798331508227
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331508234
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurode-generative condition characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons, leading to various movement disorder symptoms. Early diagnosis of PD is crucial to prevent adverse effects, yet traditional diagnostic methods are often cumbersome and costly. In this study, a machine learning-based approach is proposed using hand-drawn spiral and wave images as potential biomarkers for PD detection. Our methodology leverages convolutional neural networks (CNNs), transfer learning, and attention mechanisms to improve model performance and resilience against overfitting. To enhance the diversity and richness of both spiral and wave categories, the training dataset undergoes augmentation to increase the number of images. The proposed architecture comprises three phases: utilizing pre-trained CNNs, incorporating custom convolutional layers, and ensemble voting. Employing hard voting further enhances performance by aggregating predictions from multiple models. Experimental results show promising accuracy rates. For spiral images, weighted average precision, recall, and F1-score are 90%, and for wave images, they are 96.67%. After combining the predictions through ensemble hard voting, the overall accuracy is 93.3%. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning in early PD diagnosis, offering a non-invasive and cost-effective solution to improve patient outcomes.
Diffusion models have established new state of the art in a multitude of computer vision tasks, including image restoration. Diffusion-based inverse problem solvers generate reconstructions of exceptional visual quali...
Diffusion models have established new state of the art in a multitude of computer vision tasks, including image restoration. Diffusion-based inverse problem solvers generate reconstructions of exceptional visual quality from heavily corrupted measurements. However, in what is widely known as the perception-distortion tradeoff, the price of perceptually appealing reconstructions is often paid in declined distortion metrics, such as PSNR. Distortion metrics measure faithfulness to the observation, a crucial requirement in inverse problems. In this work, we propose a novel framework for inverse problem solving, namely we assume that the observation comes from a stochastic degradation process that gradually degrades and noises the original clean image. We learn to reverse the degradation process in order to recover the clean image. Our technique maintains consistency with the original measurement throughout the reverse process, and allows for great flexibility in trading off perceptual quality for improved distortion metrics and sampling speedup via early-stopping. We demonstrate the efficiency of our method on different high-resolution datasets and inverse problems, achieving great improvements over other state-of-the-art diffusion-based methods with respect to both perceptual and distortion metrics.
暂无评论