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Optimal Scheduling in Multiserver Queues

Performance Evaluation Review 2024年第3期51卷 29-32页

作者： Grosof, Isaac Carnegie Mellon University Computer Science Department United States Northwestern University Dept. of Industrial Engineering & Management Sciences United States

Scheduling theory is a key tool for reducing latency (i.e. response time) in queueing systems. Scheduling, i.e. choosing the order in which to serve jobs, can reduce response time by an order of magnitude with no additional resources. Scheduling theory is well-developed in single-server systems, where one job is processed at a time. However, little is known about scheduling in multiserver systems, where many jobs are processed at once. Results are especially limited in stochastic multiserver scheduling theory. Today’s data-centers have thousands of servers, and scheduling theory is unable to analyze such systems. My thesis proves the first optimality results and first closed-form bounds on mean response time for scheduling policies in stochastic multiserver models which reflect the behavior of modern computing systems. My thesis proves novel optimality results in each of three areas: I start by studying one-server-per-job multiserver models, and prove the first results on optimal scheduling in that setting. Next, I study the multiserver-job (MSJ) model, where different jobs require different amounts of resources to be served. I prove the first characterization of mean response time for any scheduling policy in the MSJ model, as well as the first optimality results. Finally, I study the effects of scheduling on the tail of response time, rather than mean response time. I invent a novel scheduling policy, Nudge, which I prove to be the first policy to outperform FCFS’s asymptotic tail of response time. This extended abstract briefly outlines the main contributions of my thesis, describing my novel performance bounds and optimality results in each of these three areas. © 2024 Association for Computing Machinery. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems

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Investigating the Efficacy of Diverse Machine Learning Classifiers for Parkinson's Disease Detection 15

Investigating the Efficacy of Diverse Machine Learning Class...

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15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Roy, Sourabarna Debbarma, Tina Pal, Tannistha Duraisamy, Prakash National Institute of Technology Agartala Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Agartala India University of Wisconsin- Green Bay Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering WI54311 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

To detect Parkinson's disease, we compare the effectiveness of K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Random Forest (RF) algorithms. Utilizing a dataset with clinical and biomedical features, we preprocess the data to handle missing values and standardize the features. Subsequently, we train each algorithm with the preprocessed data and evaluate their performance using metrics like accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score. Our results indicate that all four algorithms achieve excellent accuracy in diagnosing Parkinson's disease, with KNN slightly outperforming the others. However, the selection of the algorithm may depend on specific needs such as interpretability and computational efficiency. Additionally, we conduct a feature importance analysis to identify the most relevant features for Parkinson's disease identification, offering insights that can aid in early diagnosis and disease management. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Logistic regression

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Diffusion Models for Automatic Music Mixing

Diffusion Models for Automatic Music Mixing

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, BigData 2024

作者： Wu, Xinyang Horner, Andrew Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Dept. Computer Science and Engineering Hong Kong

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362480

Music mixing is a process that involves fine-tuning the levels, dynamics, and frequency content of musical elements to ensure clarity and harmony in the final music production. In this paper, we present an automatic mixing system based on diffusion models to correct imbalances in music mixes. We manipulate the well mixed stems' short-time Fourier transform randomly to simulate the frequency and level imbalances commonly encountered in real-world scenarios. The difference between the imbalanced mix and the original mix is treated as noise for the diffusion model to predict, enabling the reverse denoising process to generate an automated mix. We evaluate our model's performance by calculating the signal-to-distortion ratio between the original and predicted mixes. These results are compared with baseline automatic mixing models, demonstrating significant improvements. Test set results in audio: https://***/diffmusicmix/ © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Signal denoising

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Phase-Locked Loop vs Synchronous Machine Emulation: A Comparative Study of Phase-Angle Determination Dynamics

Phase-Locked Loop vs Synchronous Machine Emulation: A Compar...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Chowdhury, Prithwiraj Roy Shoubaki, Ehab Manjrekar, Madhav University of North Carolina at Charlotte Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering Charlotte United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

This paper presents a comparative analysis of a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) and a Synchronous Machine Emulation (SME) in terms of phase-angle determination, dynamic performance, and control characteristics. Internally, SME does not have a phase angle controlling loop like in PLL. Instead, it controls active power and determines phase angle in consequence. Additionally, unlike the PLL, which employs an ABC to DQ transformation, the SME operates in the time domain with instantaneous values, resulting in a fast response of phase synchronization. This control architecture has the potential to overcome the challenges in the future power grid consisting of large numbers of small-scale Inverter-Based Resources. Moreover, the SME can offer additional control features, such as voltage and frequency control in black-start, and power control by enabling appropriate droop characteristics. This paper compares the dynamic performance of the SME-based controllers with the PLL-based controllers, establishing their capability to accurately determine phase angles for grid synchronization without PLL. The performance of this controller is validated in MATLAB/Simulink and Hardware-in-Loop experiment. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Locks (fasteners)

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Efficient Multi-Stage Active Device Identification for Massive Random Access

Efficient Multi-Stage Active Device Identification for Massi...

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2024 IEEE Global Communications Conference, GLOBECOM 2024

作者： Robin, Jyotish Erkip, Elza New York University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering BrooklynNY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350351255

Efficiently identifying active devices with minimal latency is crucial in massive machine-type communication networks characterized by sparse and sporadic device activity. This paper addresses the above challenge by introducing a novel active device identification strategy which employs a multi-stage framework that iteratively refines partial estimates of active devices through feedback and hypothesis testing, leading to an exact recovery. In our proposed method, active devices transmit binary preambles independently in each stage, utilizing feedback signals from the BS. Meanwhile, the BS utilizes non-coherent binary energy detection. In addition to theoretical bounds, practical implementations of our multi-stage active device identification schemes using Belief Propagation (BP) techniques are presented. Our simulation results demonstrate that the multi-stage strategy is superior to the single-stage one introduced in our earlier work and performs close to the theoretical bound, even when considering overhead costs related to feedback. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Iterative methods

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Automated Companion Tool for Synthesis of Model-Based Control Design for Power Converters

Automated Companion Tool for Synthesis of Model-Based Contro...

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2024 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2024

作者： Zhetessov, Aidar Venkataramanan, Giri University of Wisconsin-Madison Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering MadisonWI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376067

Due to their inherent nonlinearity, time-variance, system uncertainties, and requirements of robustness, control of power converters continues to be an art. While there have been major advances in dynamic modeling tools, industrial practice continues to be inspired by classical control approaches dominated by PI controllers. To be sure some of the approaches based on multiple physical state feedback have become established in the field of motor drives due to their intuitive appeal. This paper presents a tool that can be used as a companion for the automation of the design of such controllers, for accelerating the development time which continues to pose a significant challenge in realizing ever-shrinking design *** proposed tool automatically synthesizes the state-feedback-type control for power converters given the averaged (nonlinear) model. First, the paper discusses the proposed framework parts in detail, followed by a case study, where two controllers are automatically generated for a multi-input multi-output converter. In keeping with the rapid prototyping theme, a SIL/CHIL platform is used to validate the approach in hardware. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： State feedback

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A Novel Dual Channel Isolated Current Source Gate Driver for Fast Switching MOSFETs 50

A Novel Dual Channel Isolated Current Source Gate Driver for...

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50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2024

作者： Elahi, Asjad Youssef, Mohamed Dept. of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering University of Ontario Institute of Technology OshawaON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464543

A new dual-channel discontinuous mode isolated current source gate driver (ICSGD) is proposed in this paper. The proposed gate driver can provide two isolated gate drive signals for two power MOSFETs in circuits where these switches are in sync. The proposed gate driver can achieve very fast turn on and turn off transitions, due to its current mode nature. In addition, this technique can achieve partial gate energy recovery by recovering a fraction of the RMS (CV2) energy, which is typically dissipated over the gate drive resistors in voltage source gate drive (VSGD) techniques. Thus, provides better efficiency. The proposed circuit consists of six transistors and a small pulse transformer to allow swift operation over a wide range of duty cycles. Current through the transformer is discontinuous to avoid conduction losses due to circulating currents such as in some resonant gate drivers (RGD). Consequently, the proposed ICSGD provides superior performance over its VSGD counterparts, especially in high-frequency (HF) operation. The design is implemented in both PSIM and Typhoon HIL (hardware in the loop) platforms. The model is verified with a match of results from PSIM and Typhoon. The PSIM & HIL results show that the ICSGD achieves a minimum of 20% efficiency improvement. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： High frequency transformers

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Model Predictive Virtual Oscillator Controlled Inverters in Islanded Mode of Operation 50

Model Predictive Virtual Oscillator Controlled Inverters in ...

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50th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2024

作者： Aghdam, Sima Azizi Agamy, Mohammed Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University at Albany SUNY AlbanyNY United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464543

Virtual Oscillator Control (VOC) represents a decentralized control technique in the time domain, offering promising prospects such as fast dynamic response, accurate power sharing, and synchronization among paralleled inverters in islanded mode. However, it requires inner voltage-current loops for voltage regulation at the inverter output. These inner loops have conventionally relied on linear controllers such as Proportional-integral(PI) or Proportional-Resonant (PR), contributing to complexity and limiting dynamic response. This paper introduces an alternative to conventional linear loops by employing Finite-set Model Predictive Control (FS-MPC). By integrating the VOC and FS-MPC, the voltage at the output of the inverter can be predicted, and the error of tracking reference be minimized. Also, within the proposed method, a multi-objective optimization problem can be formulated enabling over-current limiting capabilities. It also facilitates a simplified control structure, broad bandwidth, and faster dynamic response by removing the need for PWM and inner linear controllers. Simulation results validate the efficacy of the proposed approach for single and multiple paralleled inverters. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Predictive control systems

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Planning with Probabilistic Opacity and Transparency: A Computational Model of Opaque/Transparent Observations 63

Planning with Probabilistic Opacity and Transparency: A Comp...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Udupa, Sumukha Fu, Jie University of Florida Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering GainesvillFL32611 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

The qualitative opacity of a secret is a security property, which means that a system trajectory satisfying the secret is observation-equivalent to a trajectory violating the secret. In this paper, we study how to synthesize a control policy that maximizes the probability of a secret being made opaque against an eavesdropping attacker/observer, while subject to other task performance constraints. In contrast to the existing belief-based approach for opacity-enforcement, we develop an approach that uses the observation function, the secret, and the model of the dynamical systems to construct a so-called opaqueobservations automaton that accepts the exact set of observations that enforce opacity. Leveraging this opaque-observations automaton, we can reduce the optimal planning in Markov decision processes(MDPs) for maximizing probabilistic opacity or its dual notion, transparency, subject to task constraints into a constrained planning problem over an augmented-state MDP. Finally, we illustrate the effectiveness of the developed methods in robot motion planning problems with opacity or transparency requirements. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Markov processes

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INVESTIGATING THE USE OF GENERATIVE AI IN M&S EDUCATION

INVESTIGATING THE USE OF GENERATIVE AI IN M&S EDUCATION

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2024 Winter Simulation Conference, WSC 2024

作者： Leathrum, James F. Shen, Yuzhong Sosonkina, Masha Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Old Dominion University NorfolkVA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331534202

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly creating a place for themselves in society. There are numerous reports, both good and bad, of their use in business, academia, government and society. While some organizations are trying to limit, or eliminate, their use, it appears that it is inevitable they will become a common "tool". In education, there is a fear that students will not acquire critical thinking in the future, but we argue that LLMs will become a tool to assist students with critical thinking, giving guidance, feedback, and assessment. This paper investigates how the current state of LLMs can be integrated into modeling and simulation (M&S) education. Example cases for modeling and simulation development are presented showing how an LLM can assist M&S design and education in anticipation of LLMs becoming a common tool for M&S practitioners. Current limitations are also highlighted, and where possible, short-term solutions are proposed. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Students

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