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An Energy-Autonomous SWIPT RFID Tag for Communication in the 2.4 GHz ISM Band 3

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An Energy-Autonomous SWIPT RFID Tag for Communication in the...

3rd URSI Atlantic and Asia Pacific Radio Science Meeting, AT-AP-RASC 2022

作者： Paolini, Giacomo Quddious, Abdul Chatzichristodoulou, David Masotti, Diego Nikolaou, Symeon Costanzo, Alessandra University of Bologna Dei 'Guglielmo Marconi' Bologna Italy Kios Research and Innovation Center of Excellence Nicosia Cyprus Frederick Research Center Nicosia Cyprus Rf and Microwave Solutions Ltd Cyprus Frederick University Dept. Electrical Computer Engineering and Informatics Nicosia Cyprus University of Bologna Dei 'Guglielmo Marconi' Cesena Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789463968058

This paper presents the design of an energy autonomous radiofrequency identification (RFID) tag for communication and/or indoor localization. It makes use of the energy harvesting (EH) technique in the 915 MHz ultra-high frequency (UHF) band for the feeding of a system-on-a-chip (SoC), working also as a radio transceiver, in order to communicate data to a reader, or a gateway, at 2.4 GHz. First, the design of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna is described, with the dimensions of the whole tag limited to 47 × 100 mm2. Subsequently, the description and the performance of the UHF rectifier are reported, with its connection to the related power management unit (PMU). The PMU is then connected to a transceiver that can send information about its identification number (ID) and the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) without the need of a battery. © 2022 URSI.

关键词： MIMO systems

A Convex Optimal Control Framework for Autonomous Vehicle Intersection Crossing

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Pan, Xiao Chen, Boli Timotheou, Stelios Evangelou, Simos A. The Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London United Kingdom The Dept. of Electronic and Electrical Engineering University College London United Kingdom The Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering The KIOS Research Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus Cyprus

Cooperative vehicle management emerges as a promising solution to improve road traffic safety and efficiency. This paper addresses the speed planning problem for connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) at an unsignalized intersection with consideration of turning maneuvers. The problem is approached by a hierarchical centralized coordination scheme that successively optimizes the crossing order and velocity trajectories of a group of vehicles so as to minimize their total energy consumption and travel time required to pass the intersection. For an accurate estimate of the energy consumption of each CAV, the vehicle modeling framework in this paper captures 1) friction losses that affect longitudinal vehicle dynamics, and 2) the powertrain of each CAV in line with a battery-electric architecture. It is shown that the underlying optimization problem subject to safety constraints for powertrain operation, cornering and collision avoidance, after convexification and relaxation in some aspects can be formulated as two second-order cone programs, which ensures a rapid solution search and a unique global optimum. Simulation case studies are provided showing the tightness of the convex relaxation bounds, the overall effectiveness of the proposed approach, and its advantages over a benchmark solution invoking the widely used first-in-first-out policy. The investigation of Pareto optimal solutions for the two objectives (travel time and energy consumption) highlights the importance of optimizing their trade-off, as small compromises in travel time could produce significant energy savings. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Travel time

Procedure for Obtaining the Analytical Distribution Function of Relaxation Times for the Analysis of Impedance Spectra using the Fox H-function

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Allagui, Anis Elwakil, Ahmed Dept. of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Florida International University MiamiFL33174 United States Dept. of Electrical Engineering University of Sharjah PO Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates Center for Advanced Materials Research Research Institute of Sciences and Engineering University of Sharjah P.O. Box 27272 Sharjah United Arab Emirates

The interpretation of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data by fitting it to equivalent circuit models has been a standard method of analysis in electrochemistry. However, the inversion of the data from the frequency domain to a distribution function of relaxation times (DFRT) has gained considerable attention for impedance data analysis, as it can reveal more detailed information about the underlying electrochemical processes without requiring a priori knowledge. The focus of this paper is to provide a general procedure for obtaining analytically the DFRT from an impedance model, assuming an elemental Debye relaxation model as the kernel. The procedure consists of first representing the impedance function in terms of the Fox H-function, which possesses many useful properties particularly that its Laplace transform is again an H-function. From there the DFRT is obtained by two successive iterations of inverse Laplace transforms. In the passage, one can easily obtain an expression for the response function to a step excitation. The procedure is tested and verified on some known impedance models. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Relaxation time

Towards using Cough for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis by leveraging Artificial Intelligence: A Survey

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Ijaz, Aneeqa Nabeel, Muhammad Masood, Usama Mahmood, Tahir Hashmi, Mydah Sajid Posokhova, Iryna Rizwan, Ali Imran, Ali AI4Networks Research Center Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Oklahoma United States University of Pittsburgh Medical Center United States Kharkiv National Medical University Ukraine Department of Electrical Engineering Qatar University Qatar

Cough acoustics contain multitudes of vital information about pathomorphological alterations in the respiratory system. Reliable and accurate detection of cough events by investigating the underlying cough latent features and disease diagnosis can play an indispensable role in revitalizing the healthcare practices. The recent application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and advances of ubiquitous computing for respiratory disease prediction has created an auspicious trend and myriad of future possibilities in the medical domain. In particular, there is an expeditiously emerging trend of Machine learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL)-based diagnostic algorithms exploiting cough signatures. The enormous body of literature on cough-based AI algorithms demonstrate that these models can play a significant role for detecting the onset of a specific respiratory disease. However, it is pertinent to collect the information from all relevant studies in an exhaustive manner for the medical experts and AI scientists to analyze the decisive role of AI/ML. This survey offers a comprehensive overview of the cough data-driven ML/DL detection and preliminary diagnosis frameworks, along with a detailed list of significant features. We investigate the mechanism that causes cough and the latent cough features of the respiratory modalities. We also analyze the customized cough monitoring application, and their AI-powered recognition algorithms. Challenges and prospective future research directions to develop practical, robust, and ubiquitous solutions are also discussed in detail. © 2023, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Pulmonary diseases

Non-monolithic fabrication of thin-film microelectrode arrays on PMUT transducers as a bimodal neuroscientific investigation tool*

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Non-monolithic fabrication of thin-film microelectrode array...

Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Andrada I. Velea Joshua Wilson Astrid Gollhardt Cyril B. Karuthedath Abhilash S. Thanniyil Vasiliki Giagka Bioelectronics Section Dept. of Microelectronics Faculty of Electrical Engineering Mathematics and Computer Science Delft University of Technology the Netherlands Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration IZM VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd.

Ultrasound (US)-based neuromodulation has recently emerged as a spatially selective yet non-invasive alternative to conventional electrically-based neural interfaces. However, the fundamental mechanisms of US neuromodulation are not yet clarified. Thus, there is a need for in-vitro bimodal investigation tools that allow us to compare the effect of US versus electrically-induced neural activity in the vicinity of the transducing element. To this end, we propose a MicroElectrode-MicroTransducer Array (MEMTA), where a dense array of electrodes is co-fabricated on top of a similarly dense array of US *** this paper, we test the proof of concept for such co-fabrication using a non-monolithic approach, where, at its most challenging scenario, desired topologies require electrodes to be formed directly on top of fragile piezoelectric micromachined ultrasound transducer (PMUTs) membranes. On top of the PMUTs, a thin-film microelectrode array was developed utilizing microfabrication processes, including metal sputtering, lithography, etching and soft encapsulation. The samples were analysed through focused ion beam–scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), and the results have shown that damage to the membranes does not occur during any of the process steps. This paper proves that the non-monolithic development of a miniaturised bimodal neuroscientific investigation tool can be achieved, thus, opening up a series of possibilities for further understanding and investigation of the nervous system.

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Polarization-Insensitive Metalenses at Wavelengths in Ultraviolet Region 23

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Polarization-Insensitive Metalenses at Wavelengths in Ultrav...

23rd IEEE Electronics Packaging Technology Conference, EPTC 2021

作者： Halim, Bishoy I. Kanwal, Saima Queen 'S University Electrical and Computer Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering Dept. Kingston Canada Engineering Research Center of Optical Instrument and Systems Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Lab of Modern Optical System University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665416191

Metasurfaces in the ultraviolet band have attracted current research concern due to the expanding requirement for wearable UV optical and ultra-compact systems. The constraints of traditional plasmonic metasurfaces operating in transmission mode can be controlled by using an appropriate dielectric material. A metalens presents promising wavefront engineering for multiple applications. Metalenses have sophisticated advanced technology in the progress of miniaturized and integrated optical devices. However, metalenses using the Pancharatnam- Berry (PB) phase or resonance adjusting technique are limited to polarization reliance and for different applications, polarization-insensitive metalenses are extremely preferable. We present three designs of high-efficiency dielectric polarization-insensitive UV metalens using cylindrical nanopillars with focusing efficiency, offering full phase delay in a broadband spectrum of Ultraviolet light (380-400nm). The designed metalenses include titanium dioxide (cylindrical nanopillars on a glass substrate with geometrically different radii and present magnificent polarization-insensitive operation in the broadband UV band. It will considerably advance the miniaturization and integration of the UV photonic devices by limiting the use of Plasmonics structures that are undefended to the ohmic losses and absorption of the metals. The focusing efficiency of the designed metalenses is as high as 43%, 45%, and 47% for the designed wavelengths of metalenses lambda_{d}=396{n}{m}, 388 nm, and 380 nm, respectively. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

Electromechanical behavior of red blood cells in insulator-based dielectrophoretic device

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Electromechanical behavior of red blood cells in insulator-b...

International electrical engineering Congress (iEECON)

作者： Kitipob Vijitnukoonpradit Nitipong Panklang Mati Horprathum Boonchai Techaumnat Dept. of Electrical Engineering Chulalongkorn University Bangkok Thailand Dept. of Electrical Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathumthani Thailand Spectroscopic and Sensing Devices Research Group National Electronic and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency Pathumthani Thailand

We investigated the dielectrophoresis (DEP) of red blood cells by observing the critical frequencies that cause the cells to change between positive DEP to negative DEP. We fabricated a microfluidic device composed of a microchannel and electrodes. Red blood cells suspended in a conductive buffer were fed into the device and the DEP experiment was performed to determine the critical frequency of the red blood cells. Subsequently, the experimental critical frequencies were used to calculate electrical parameters, cytoplasmic conductivity and membrane capacitance, of the cells.

关键词： Performance evaluation Electrodes electrical engineering Red blood cells Cells (biology) Conductivity Capacitance

On the Ergodic Rate of Uplink Rate-Splitting Multiple Access

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On the Ergodic Rate of Uplink Rate-Splitting Multiple Access

IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Athanasios P. Chrysologou Sotiris A. Tegos Panagiotis D. Diamantoulakis Nestor D. Chatzidiamantis Paschalis C. Sofotasios George K. Karagiannidis Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Thessaloniki Greece Department of Computer and Communication Engineering C2PS and 6G Center Khalifa University Abu Dhabi UAE Cyber Security Systems and Applied AI Research Center Lebanese American University (LAU) Lebanon

ISBN: (数字)9798350303582

ISBN: (纸本)9798350303599

One of the principal challenges anticipated for the forthcoming sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks is the imper-ative need to design advanced multiple access techniques capable of enabling massive connectivity. In this direction, rate splitting multiple access (RSMA) has been reported as a promising approach. In this work, we investigate the ergodic rate (ER) performance of an uplink RSMA network which consists of two sources. Specifically, analytical closed-form expressions for the sources' ERs and the system ergodic sum rate (ESR) are derived under the case of perfect successive interference cancellation $(\text{pSIC})$ and perfect channel state information (pCSI) as well as under the more realistic scenario of imperfect SIC (ipSIC) and imperfect CSI (ipCSI). Furthermore, an asymptotic analysis for the high signal-to-noise ratio regime is presented, which provides useful insights into the sources' behavior in all considered cases. The accuracy of the provided analytical expressions is validated by simulation results, which not only explore how different system parameters affect the extracted expressions, but also reveal the detrimental impact of ipSIC and ipCSI on system performance.

关键词： 6G mobile communication Interference cancellation Closed-form solutions Accuracy Wireless networks System performance Simulation

Learning on Transformers is Provable Low-Rank and Sparse: A One-layer Analysis

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Li, Hongkang Wang, Meng Zhang, Shuai Liu, Sijia Chen, Pin-Yu Dept. Electrical Computer and System Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute TroyNY United States Dept. Data Science New Jersey Institute of Technology NewarkNJ United States Dept. Computer Science and Engineering Michigan State University East LansingMI United States IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown HeightsNY United States

Efficient training and inference algorithms, such as low-rank adaption and model pruning, have shown impressive performance for learning Transformer-based large foundation models. However, due to the technical challenges of the non-convex optimization caused by the complicated architecture of Transformers, the theoretical study of why these methods can be applied to learn Transformers is mostly elusive. To the best of our knowledge, this paper shows the first theoretical analysis of the property of low-rank and sparsity of one-layer Transformers by characterizing the trained model after convergence using stochastic gradient descent. By focusing on a data model based on label-relevant and label-irrelevant patterns, we quantify that the gradient updates of trainable parameters are low-rank, which depends on the number of label-relevant patterns. We also analyze how model pruning affects the generalization while improving computation efficiency and conclude that proper magnitude-based pruning has a slight effect on the testing performance. We implement numerical experiments to support our findings. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Stochastic systems