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International Conference on Application Specific Systems (ASAP), Architectures and Processors

作者： Salim Khemira Xinyuan Wang Anh Nguyen Yutaka Tamiya Makoto Taiji Takahide Yoshikawa Jason H. Anderson Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Canada Fujitsu Laboratories Kawasaki Japan RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research Kobe Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350349634

ISBN: (纸本)9798350349641

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation involves simulating the interactions of particles. MD has many applications in basic biological sciences, drug discovery, materials science, and other fields. Simulating $1\mu \mathrm{s}$ of a 100K-atom system can take hours or days 1 1 https://***/en/research/labs/***, where the compute-heavy aspect of MD is calculating the long-range forces between pairs of particles. In this paper, we explore the application of approximate computing in MD as a means to improve compute density. Specifically, we employ approximate memoization, where previously computed forces (and more) are stored in a table, and are retrieved in subsequent force calculations, provided the inputs to the force calculation are the same or similar. If the prior-computed table values can be used, significant computational work is avoided. In an experimental study, we apply software simulation to understand the degree to which approximation is feasible. We then propose a hardware implementation of memoization to be used within an ASIC MD simulator, MDGRAPE-4A [18]. We show that compute density, measured as $\text{pair-interactions}/(s\cdot\mu m^{2})$ is improved substantially, between 40 % and 70 % for the studied cases. This is contingent on the particular system being simulated, the table size, and permitted level of approximation.

关键词： Materials science and technology Program processors Density measurement Force Dynamics Systems architecture Software

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The Effect of Pulse Width on Nanosecond Guided Streamer Breakdown

The Effect of Pulse Width on Nanosecond Guided Streamer Brea...

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International Conference on Pulsed Power

作者： Md Ziaur Rahman Edwin A. Oshin Chunqi Jiang Dept. of electrical and computer engineering Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics Old Dominion University Norfolk Virginia USA

Understanding the initiation and development of guided streamers are important for effectively applying these repeatable, transient discharges for various fields. This study compares the streamer initiation and breakdown for positive helium guided streamers powered by 10-ns, 35-ns, and 200-ns voltage pulses using a hollow needle-to-plate electrode configuration at atmospheric pressure. The streamer initiation and breakdown (streamer-to-spark transition) voltage as functions of the interelectrode gap distance are determined based on voltage-current measurements and high-speed spectroscopy. The breakdown voltage for a repetitively pulsed streamer is compared with a single-shot discharge. The dependence of the pulse repetition frequency and pulse width on streamer breakdown are investigated. It is found that the shorter voltage pulses results in higher overvoltage breakdown. In addition, the discharge mode is assessed with the pulsed voltage and current as well as the rotational temperature of the 2 nd positive system of N 2 .

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Structural Analysis and Design for Security Against Actuator Stealthy Attacks in Uncertain Systems

Structural Analysis and Design for Security Against Actuator...

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IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： Kangkang Zhang Andreas Kasis Marios M. Polycarpou Thomas Parisini Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Imperial College London London UK Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering KIOS Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus Nicosia Cyprus Dept. of Engineering and Architecture University of Trieste Trieste Italy

This paper considers the existence of stealthy integrity attacks for uncertain cyber-physical systems from a geometric point of view. We derive geometric structural conditions for the existence of stealthy integrity attacks and deduce the minimal actuator communication channels that, when protected, no stealthy integrity attacks exists. To examine different knowledge disclosure conditions for the attacker, we consider: (a) the attacker has full knowledge of the system linear terms but only the structure of the uncertain term, and (b) the attacker only knows the structures of the linear terms and the uncertain non-linear term. For scenario (a), the obtained existence condition of stealthy integrity attacks is that the uncertainty is decoupled with the maximal output-zeroing controlled-invariant subspace. In scenario (b), a graph is used to describe the uncertain system and we show that the existence of stealthy attacks is only possible if the uncertainty is decoupled with the fixed maximal output-zeroing controlled-invariant subspace. For each disclosure scenario, we deduce the minimum actuator communication channels to protect for guaranteeing the absence of stealthy integrity attacks. Our results are validated with a numerical example.

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An alternative Design Approach for the Design of Wideband Bandpass Filters Based on Cascaded Building Blocks

An alternative Design Approach for the Design of Wideband Ba...

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European Conference on Microwave

作者： Adnan Nadeem Symeon Nikolaou Dimitra Psychogiou Photos Vryonides Frederick Research Center Cyprus Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Informatics Frederick University Cyprus School of Engineering University College Cork Ireland Tyndall National Institute Ireland

ISBN: (数字)9782874870774

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385892

This paper introduces a novel design approach for the realization of wideband bandpass filters (BPFs). The technique is based on a conventional filter topology consisting of shunt short-circuited stubs connected by transmission lines where its λ g /4 interconnecting lines and its λ g /4 short-circuited stubs are replaced by a building block consisting of λ g /8 lines separated by λ g /8 short-circuited coupled-line sections. Guidelines on the design formulas through ABCD analysis in practical filter implementations are provided. Additionally, the manuscript presents a design example and its practical validation through the manufacturing and testing of a fourth-order microstrip-type BPF.

关键词： Band-pass filters Microwave measurement Power transmission lines Prototypes Transmission line measurements Microwave theory and techniques Topology Microwave filters Wideband Testing

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Polarization Converter Metasurface Using Machine Learning Methods for Bandwidth Enhancement

Polarization Converter Metasurface Using Machine Learning Me...

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International Conference on Modern Circuits and Systems Technologies (MOCAST)

作者： David Chatzichristodoulou Photos Vryonides Symeon Nikolaou Dimitra-Danai Varsou Maria Antoniou Dimitris Mintis Antreas Afantitis Frederick Research Center RF an Microwave Solutions LTD Nicosia Cyprus Dept. Electrical Computer Engineering and Informatics Frederick Research Center Frederick University Nicosia Cyprus NovaMechanics Ltd Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (数字)9798350385427

ISBN: (纸本)9798350385434

This manuscript presents the design of a polarization converter metasurface (MTS) where Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) methods were used, to enhance its bandwidth. The MTS is implemented with a periodic array of multi-layered cells with chiral geometry that supports asymmetric transmission. Any impingent x-polarized wave is transmitted as a y-polarized wave, and any incident y-polarized wave is effectively reflected. In order to increase the frequency range where the incident $\vert \mathbf{Ex} \vert$ field over the transmitted $\vert \mathbf{Ey} \vert$ field (Tyx) is higher than 90% and the associated Rxx which is the ratio of the incident $\vert \mathbf{Ex} \vert$ over the transmitted $\vert \mathbf{Ex} \vert$ is less than -10 dB, the Rxx plots vs frequency were used to train an artificial neural network (ANN). The trained ANN was used to optimize the cell's geometric dimensions to create a MTS response with more than 90% conversion rate (Tyx>90%), in the frequency range from 6.5 to 12.5 GHz, resulting in more than 60% fractional bandwidth.

关键词： Geometry Deep learning Circuits and systems Bandwidth Artificial neural networks Metasurfaces Frequency conversion

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Instance Segmentation of Damaged Insulators for Power System Inspection and Maintenance

Instance Segmentation of Damaged Insulators for Power System...

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2024 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications, DASA 2024

作者： Merin, Jovencio Alon, Alvin Sarraga Pinkihan, Joel Sandil, Ricky C. Delos Santos Ligayo, Michael Angelo Arago, Ryan Flores Sevilla, Rovenson Cunanan, Christopher Technological University of the Philippines Dept. of Electrical Engineering Manila Philippines Center for AI Research Department of Trade and Industry Makati City Philippines College of Computing Sciences Ifugao State University Ifugao Philippines College Preparatory Program Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Saudi Arabia College of Engineering Quezon City University Quezon City Philippines Technological University of the Philippines Department of Electrical Engineering Manila Philippines Bulacan State University Christopher Franco Cunanan Computer Engineering Department Bulacan Philippines

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369106

This paper introduces a novel approach for power system inspection using Mask-RCNN, an advanced model for instance segmentation. The accuracy of our model in identifying and diagnosing damaged low- to medium-voltage insulators is exceptional, as evidenced by its Mean Average Precision (mAP) score of 98.7%• Throughout the training process, the model exhibited minimal loss metrics, indicating its proficiency in predicting bounding boxes precisely, segmenting, classifying, and aligning masks. The model exhibited consistent reliability in distinguishing between undamaged and damaged components during the inference process, as seen by its consistently high detection rates for both 'normal intact' and 'damaged broken' insulators. The results demonstrate the practical usefulness of the model and offer promising prospects for enhancing power system maintenance and inspection protocols. The model's consistent and accurate identification of damaged insulators has the potential to significantly enhance the safety and efficiency of power systems, thereby revolutionizing the industry. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Insulator contamination

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Securing Mobile Robotic Networks Against Replacement Attack

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IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control 2025年

作者： Li, Yushan He, Jianping Chen, Cailian Guan, Xinping Cai, Lin Shanghai Jiao Tong University Dept. of Automation China Ministry of Education of China The Key Laboratory of System Control and Information Processing China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Control and Management Shanghai200240 China University of Victoria Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering BC Canada

The security of mobile robotic networks (MRNs) has been an active research topic in recent years. This paper aims to secure the ubiquitous formation control of MRNs against the replacement attack, where an external robot can replace a formation robot by compromising the communication and physically interfering with the victim simultaneously. To counter this advanced attack, the novel idea of this work is to leverage the physical proximity of the formation shape and the interaction topology among robots for defense design. First, from the physical proximity perspective, we propose the convex neighbor polygon (CNP) to capture the geometric characteristic of the formation robots, and design a CNP-based security mechanism for the robots during the replacement attack. Then, from the interaction perspective, we introduce the indirect controllability to characterize the possibility that the attacker leverages the interaction between robots to deactivate the CNP mechanism, and establish the conditions regarding the topology structure and the attack input to counter the replacement. Finally, based on the obtained conditions, we demonstrate how to design the initiatory topology among the formation robots to enhance the defense performance. Comparative simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Topology

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Efficient and Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network-based Series DC Arc Fault Protection for PV Systems

Efficient and Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network-based...

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IEEE Holm Conference on electrical Contacts

作者： Kamal Chandra Paul Jiale Zhou Shen-En Chen Chen Chen Tiefu Zhao Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA Center for Research in Computer Vision University of Central Florida Orlando FL USA

ISBN: (数字)9798331529079

ISBN: (纸本)9798331529086

Series DC arc faults in photovoltaic (PV) systems pose substantial fire risks and compromise electrical safety and reliability. Traditional AI-based arc fault detection methods, while highly accurate, are computationally burdensome to integrate into resource-constrained, low-cost microcontrollers for real-time applications. This research introduces an innovative AI algorithm that detects arc faults with high accuracy and employs a MOSFET-based solid-state circuit breaker (SSCB) for rapid circuit interruption. The model utilizes an efficient and lightweight convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture to analyze the frequency spectrum of the load current, featuring a compact design with just 14.6 k trainable parameters. Following the UL1699B standard, a comprehensive arc fault database is developed to enhance the algorithm's robustness under diverse loading conditions. The proposed algorithm detects arc faults with over 98.15% accuracy. TensorFlow-Lite was employed to reduce the model's binary size, facilitating efficient implementation on microcontrollers. The algorithm interrupts arc faults within 25 ms when implemented on a commercial STM32H743ZI2 microcontroller. This timeframe includes 12.8 ms for data acquisition, preprocessing with Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT), and inference time during real-time operations. To the best of our knowledge, this is the fastest AI-based arc fault circuit interrupter (AFCI). This method ensures rapid detection and interruption of arc faults, significantly enhancing the safety and reliability of PV systems.

关键词： Accuracy Microcontrollers Computational modeling Fault detection Real-time systems Solid state circuits Circuit faults Convolutional neural networks Integrated circuit modeling Load modeling

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Counting Triangles of Graphs via Matrix Partitioning

Counting Triangles of Graphs via Matrix Partitioning

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IEEE Workshop on Machine Learning for Signal Processing

作者： Georgios Kollias Vassilis Kalantzis Lior Horesh Shashanka Ubaru Panagiotis A. Traganitis IBM Research Thomas J. Watson Research Center Yorktown Heights NY USA Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350372250

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372267

Counting the number of triangles is an important task in the computation of several network-related metrics such as transitivity ratio, link recommendation, near-clique subgraph detection, and clustering coefficient. This contribution presents a new algorithm based on non-overlapping subgraph decomposition and matrix partitioning. The part of the adjacency matrix associated with each submatrix is replaced by a low-rank approximation resulting to complexity savings. The proposed algorithm is also suitable for high-latency architectures as well as graphs whose entries are updated over time. Several practical and theoretical aspects are discussed while numerical experiments on real-world graphs demonstrate the potential of the proposed algorithm.

关键词： Measurement Machine learning algorithms Message passing Signal processing algorithms Clustering algorithms Signal processing Parallel processing Approximation algorithms Partitioning algorithms Matrix decomposition

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Multifunctional Switchable Filter Using Shorted Coupled-Line Sections 52

Multifunctional Switchable Filter Using Shorted Coupled-Line...

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52nd European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2022

作者： Shirazi, Minahil Chatzichristodoulou, David Quddious, Abdul Shoaib, Nosherwan Psychogiou, Dimitra Nikolaou, Symeon Vryonides, Photos Frederick Research Center Cyprus Pakistan Rf and Microwave Solutions Ltd Cyprus Kios Research and Innovation Center of Excellence University of Cyprus Cyprus School of Engineering University College Cork Ireland Tyndall National Institute Ireland Frederick University Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Informatics Cyprus

ISBN: (数字)9782874870699

ISBN: (纸本)9782874870699

This paper presents a novel multifunctional RF filter based on RF-switched parallel-coupled line sections. It demonstrates three different reconfigurable responses namely a bandpass filter (BPF) response, a bandstop filter (BSF) response and a dual-band (DBPF) response. Reconfigurability is realized by turning on and off four p-i-n diodes that are placed at specific locations and either connect or disconnect a uniform transmission line and shorted parallel coupled-line sections to the main RF signal path. To verify the validity of the proposed design, a switchable filter prototype is fabricated and measured. For the BPF response, the measured 3-dB fractional bandwidth (FBW) is 43.48 % (1.75-2.75 GHz) with a passband insertion loss of 0.8 dB. For the BSF response the measured 3-dB FBW is 36.52 % (1.90-2.74 GHz) with an in-band suppression level above 12 dB. Finally for the dual-band BPF response, the measured 3-dB FBWs of the two bands are 18.2% and 18.5% respectively. © 2022 European Microwave Association (EuMA).

关键词： Notch filters

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