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IEEE Workshop on Statistical Signal and Array processing

作者： M.A. Altinkaya H. Delic B. Sankur E. Anarim Dept. of Electr. & Electron. Eng. Bogazici Univ. Istanbul Turkey Department of Electrical and ComputerEngineering University of Southwestern Louisiana Lafayette LA USA Signal and Image Processing LaboratoryDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Boğaziçi University Istanbul Turkey Bogazici Universitesi Istanbul TR

In the frequency estimation of sinusoidal signals observed in impulsive noise environments, techniques based on Gaussian noise assumption are unsuccessful. One possible way to find better estimates is to model the noise as an alpha-stable process and to use the fractional lower order statistics of the data to estimate the signal parameters. Noise and signal subspace methods, namely the MUSIC and principal component-Bartlett methods, are applied to fractional lower order statistics of sinusoids embedded in alpha-stable noise. The simulation results show that techniques based on lower order statistics are superior to their second order statistics-based counterparts, especially when the noise exhibits a strong impulsive attitude.

关键词： Frequency estimation Gaussian noise 1f noise Working environment noise Statistics Additive noise Random variables Signal processing image processing Multiple signal classification

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High frequency noise reduction using an acousto-optic cell

High frequency noise reduction using an acousto-optic cell

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Southeastern Symposium on System Theory

作者： D.B. Dunn Jiangang Xia Ting-Chung Poon Optical Image Processing Laboratory The Bradley Department of Electrical Engineering Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University VA USA Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Blacksburg VA US Bradley Dept. of Electr. Eng. Virginia Polytech. Inst. & State Univ. Blacksburg VA USA

We present a novel and simple optical image processing system for high frequency noise reduction. The system consists of a single imaging lens and an acousto-optic modulator. image edge enhancement is achieved by Brag... 详细信息

关键词： Frequency Noise reduction Optical scattering Optical modulation Transfer functions Optical noise image processing Lenses Light scattering Optical imaging

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A method of pedestrian detection based on rhythm of walking

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SYSTEMS AND COMPUTERS IN JAPAN 1996年第2期27卷 1-11页

作者： Yasutomi, S Mori, H Kiyohiro, N Member Faculty of Engineering Yamanashi University Kofu Japan 400 Satoshi Tasutomi graduated from Dept. of Computer Science from the Faculty of Engineering Yamanashi University in 1988 and masters course at the same university in 1988. He joined Pioneer Ltd. in the same year. He is a doctoral candidate at Yamanashi University. He has engaged in research on image processing. He is a member of Robotics Society of Japan. Nonmember

It is important for mobile robots and security purposes to discriminate a pedestrian among moving objects in a video. This paper proposes a method which discriminates a pedestrian from other objects by using periodic motions of the feet, and the characteristics of the rhythm of pace and stride. This method uses brightness changes in sequential images of a moving object contacting with the ground, and extracts the main component of the frequency using a power spectrum estimation. Therefore, the method is independent of pedestrian's appearance such as clothes, build, and hair style. The system realizing this method consists of three processes: moving object detection which uses the difference between successive image frames;tracking of the moving object using a moving model with an extended Kahman filter and an observation model;and detection of the pedestrian based on rhythm of walking using the difference of brightness between images on successive frames. The whole process is performed in realtime. Experiments using real scenes confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method: 446 pedestrians out of 470 were successfully detected (detection rate 94.9%), and 101 persons out of 106 were successfully detected as non-pedestrians (96.2%).

关键词： pedestrian detection tracking rhythm of walking pace stride

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Adaptive quantization without side information using scalar-vector quantization and trellis coded quantization

Adaptive quantization without side information using scalar-...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： Y. Yoo A. Ortega Dept. of Electr. Eng. Syst. Univ. of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Signal and Image Processing Institute Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

We combine backward adaptive quantization with the scalar-vector quantizer (SVQ) and the trellis coded quantizer (TCQ) both of which have an underlying scalar quantizer (USQ) in their structure. The resulting adaptive scalar-vector quantizer (ASVQ) and adaptive trellis coded quantizer (ATCQ) redesign the USQ based on the past quantized outputs. The adaptive quantizers require no side information and also outperform the SVQ and the TCQ, respectively, when the input signal is non-stationary. For an input sequence from a bimodal source switching infrequently between two Gaussian distributions with the same mean and different variances, both adaptive quantizers achieve performance gains of more than 1.3 dB over the non-adaptive quantizers designed on the training set from the same bimodal source. Also the adaptive quantizers demonstrate minimal performance degradation due to adaptation when stationary inputs are considered.

关键词： Quantization Decoding Dynamic range Signal processing image processing Gaussian distribution Performance gain Degradation engineering profession Entropy

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Enhancing cable television pictures

Enhancing cable television pictures

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Pingnan Shi Julong Du R.K. Ward Image Processing Laboratory Electrical Engineering Department University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada The University of British Columbia Vancouver BC CA Dept. of Electr. Eng. British Columbia Univ. Vancouver BC Canada

Real time image enhancement of video pictures is discussed. Video pictures such as cable TV pictures are by nature noisy. The problem is how to enhance the picture's appearance without amplifying the noise. Two basic restrictions are that the pictures should be processed at video rate and the cost of the system has to be very low. The authors' scheme meets all these demands.

关键词： Cable TV Noise reduction Costs image edge detection image enhancement Snow Frequency Hardware image processing Nonlinear distortion

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A 3-D Morphological Algorithm for Automated Labelling of the Cortex in Magnetic Resonance Brain images

A 3-D Morphological Algorithm for Automated Labelling of the...

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1994 AAAI Spring Symposium

作者： Sandor, Stephanie Leahy, Richard Signal & Image Processing Institute Dept. Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los AngelesCA90089-2564 United States

In this paper we describe a new method for automatic extraction and anatomic labelling of the cortical surface in Magnetic Resonance (MR) images of the human brain. Our algorithm consists of a series of morphological operations which automatically find the cortical surface and detect sulci in an MR volume image. The extracted surface points are labelled as "sulcus"or "not sulcus". © 1994, AAAI (***). All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance

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Analysis of texture images using robust fractal description

Analysis of texture images using robust fractal description

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1995 IEEE Southwest Symposium on image Analysis and Interpretation, IAI 1994

作者： Avadhanam, N. Mitra, S. Center for Image Processing and Integrated Computing Dept. of Electr. and Comput. Eng. California Univ. DavisCA95616 United States Computer Vision and Image Analysis Lab Dept. of Electrical Engineering Texas Tech University LubbockTX79401 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0818662506

A maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method is used to estimate the fractal dimension of a number of natural texture images with and without the presence of noise. An additional texture measure which can be linked to the lacunarity measure is used to characterize natural textures since fractal dimension alone cannot totally characterize texture images. Segmentation of natural textures is successfully achieved by a k-means clustering algorithm using fractal dimension and the additional measure as representative features. © 1994 IEEE.

关键词： image texture

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Blind identification algorithms for co-channel systems using higher-order statistics

Blind identification algorithms for co-channel systems using...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： M.I. Gurelli C.L. Nikias Dept. of Electr. Eng. Syst. Univ. of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA Signal and Image Processing Institute Department of Electrical Engineering Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

In this work, we describe a method for the blind identification of co-channel systems. More specifically, two independent communication signals propagate through multipath channels, and their sum is picked up by the receiver. This type of a problem occurs in communication systems which employ frequency reusage. In some cases, there is no training signal available to aid the receiver for channel estimation, hence the multipath channel transfer functions have to be estimated blindly. The algorithm described in this work uses second- and fourth-order cumulants of the received signal. First, the magnitude responses of the channels are estimated, then using these, the phase responses are estimated.< >

关键词： Higher order statistics Phase estimation Multipath channels Transfer functions Frequency estimation Power system modeling Mobile communication Baseband Filters Signal processing

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Applications of cumulants to array processing: direction-finding in coherent signal environment

Applications of cumulants to array processing: direction-fin...

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Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems & Computers

作者： E. Gonen M.C. Dogan J.M. Mendel Signal and Image Processing Institute Department of Electrical Engineering-Systems University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA University of Southern California Los Angeles CA US Dept. of Electr. Eng. Syst. Univ. of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA

Dogan and Mendel (see IEEE Trans. on Signal processing, 1994) have developed the virtual-ESPRIT algorithm (VESPA) for direction-finding and recovery of independent sources. VESPA can calibrate an array of unknown configuration and arbitrary response by using just one additional pair of identical sensors (instead of a copy of the entire array or storage of the entire array response for every possible scenario, which is required by existing alternatives). We present an approach that generalizes VESPA to handle the case of highly correlated or coherent sources. Unlike existing methods, our method is not restricted to linear arrays, and no search procedure is needed. Just as in VESPA, it is still possible to detect more sources than sensors, and suppress both Gaussian as well as non-Gaussian noise. A simulation experiment supporting our conclusions is provided.< >

关键词： Array signal processing Navigation Signal processing Sensor arrays Gaussian noise Vectors Noise measurement Additive noise image processing Intelligent sensors

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The RVIP image processor array

The RVIP image processor array

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1993 Computer Architectures for Machine Perception, CAMP 1993

作者： Johannesson, Mattias Åström, Anders Ingelhag, Per Image Processing Laboratory Dept. of Electrical Engineering Linköping University LinköpingS-581 83 Sweden TLSI Design Center Dept. of Physics Linköping University LinköpingS-581 83 Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0818654201

The authors present the radar video image processor (RIVP) architecture and its performance. RIVP is an SIMD (single instruction multiple data) linear processor array with 128 bit-serial processing elements (PEs) integrated on one chip. Each PE incorporates a serial-parallel multiplier and a bit-serial ALU with a 32-b accumulator register. The special multiplier-ALU-accumulator design makes convolutions, which is a basic image processing operation, very effective. Large IO and inter processor communication bandwidth is obtained by the use of four 32-b double-ported IO registers and a 16-b internal bidirectional shift register in each PE. Four RIVP chip and an internal micro controller are packaged n a 2Prime;× 2Prime;multi chip module (MCM) and is a stand-alone 512 PE SIMD processor array. A 512 PE MCM module is suited for real-time video-input processing of 512 × 512 images. Each RIVP MCM is capable of 1 Giga multiply-accumulations per second on 10 by 16 bit words at 50 MHz clock frequency. In some applications several RIVP MCM modules are needed. For instance, in the pulse Doppler radar example given eight modules are used to obtain a total of 4096 processing elements in series. © 1993 IEEE.

关键词： Shift registers

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