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A study of tomato disease classification system based on deep learning

Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020年第2期69卷 349-355页

作者： Ham, Hyun-Sik Kim, Dong-Hyun Chae, Jung-Woo Lee, Sin-Ae Kim, Yun-Ji Cho, Hyun Uk Cho, Hyun-Chong Dept. of Electronics Engineering Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Electronics Engineering Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Department of Marine Environmental Engineering Gyeongsang National University Gyeongnam Korea Republic of

The early detection of plant disease is important in that it enhances the quality and productivity of crops. A large amount of research has considered machine learning classifiers to protect tomato plants from diseases, but the reliability of early disease diagnoses in this way remains uncertain due to the use of small datasets. Therefore, to enhance the dependability of them, this study examined a tomato disease classification system based on a deep learning using a dataset containing 17,063 images of tomato leaves infected with eight diseases. The deep learning model used in this classifier consisted of symmetric and asymmetric building blocks including convolutions, average pooling, max pooling, concats, dropouts, and fully connected layers. The obtained result indicated a high degree of accuracy (98.9%) which is high enough to be used as a proper diagnosis tool for farmers who lack professional knowledge of tomato diseases. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： Image enhancement

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Nature-Based Solutions Can Potentially Contribute to Biomass Density, Heat Stress Mitigation, and Biodiversity

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Shin Woo Kim, Da Sle Lee, Dong Kun Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Nature-based solutions (NBS) are actions to protect, sustainably manage, or restore natural ecosystems. They are increasingly recognized worldwide as a key strategy for sustainable development, integrating climate change adaptation and mitigation and biodiversity conservation. NBS is fundamental to the quality of life of residents, and urban planning often includes strategies that are directly or indirectly related to greening. Although numerous studies have been conducted to quantitatively evaluate the benefits of NBS, analysis of the potential effect of NBS remains insufficient. Therefore, we developed a spatial decision-making support model that optimizes the location of NBS on multiple effects (biomass density, urban heat stress mitigation, and landscape connectivity) using a Non-Sorting dominated Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II). Potential was assessed by comparing the NBS plan considering co-benefits with NBS strategy scenarios focused on individual objectives connectivity, biomass density, heat stress based scenario(CBS, BBS, and HBS). The model was applied to Suwon City, South Korea, demonstrating the potential of an integrated approach to maximize co-benefits simultaneously. The analysis revealed a trade-off between NBS benefits and implementation costs, with performance improvement in one objective often leading to decreased performance in others. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive correlations among the three objectives, with heat stress showing the lowest correlation. Simulations under four distinct scenarios highlighted the diverse potential arrangements of NBS and their effects. An integrated strategy demonstrated a consistently high overall value (a 221% improvement), which proved to be the most efficient approach when considering all aspects collectively. This study underscores the potential benefits of integrating multiple objectives into urban green space planning, thereby providing valuable insights for sustainable urban development.

关键词： Biodiversity

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SLACK IN CONSTRUCTION - PART 1: CORE CONCEPTS 29

SLACK IN CONSTRUCTION - PART 1: CORE CONCEPTS

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29th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction, IGLC 2021

作者： Formoso, Carlos Tommelein, Iris D. Saurin, Tarcisio Abreu Koskela, Lauri Fireman, Marcus Barth, Karina Bataglin, Fernanda Viana, Daniela Coelho, Rafael Singh, Vishesh Zani, Carolina Ransolin, Natália Disconzi, Claudia RS Porto Alegre Brazil University of California BerkeleyCA United States Industrial Engineering and Transportation Department UFRGS Brazil School of Art Design and Architecture University of Huddersfield Queensgate Huddersfield United Kingdom Postgraduate Program in Civil Eng.: Construction and Infrastructure UFRGS Porto Alegre90035-190 Brazil LDConsulting Interdisciplinary Department NORIE UFRGS Civil and Envir. Eng. Dept. University of California BerkeleyCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9786124802546

Construction projects are known to be complex, due to being subject to uncertainty and variability. The use of buffers to protect them from the detrimental impact of variability has been well-researched. A key managerial choice is not whether or not to buffer variability, but rather how to define the necessary combination of buffers. Slack is a concept related to buffers but has been used in the literature to describe a broader range of strategies for coping with complexity. It allows an organisation to adapt to internal pressures for adjustment or to external pressures for change in policy. This paper aims to further develop the concept of slack and to unveil its relationships with other concepts and ideas that are partly overlapping such as buffers, resilience, robustness, flexibility, and redundancy. A concept map was devised in order to articulate the nature of the slack concept. This paper explores in detail this concept map and proposes a conceptual role for slack in the realm of Lean. © Prof. Luis F. Alarcón and Assoc. Prof. Vicente González, IGL2021 All rights reserved.

关键词： buffer complexity concept map Slack uncertainty variability waste

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Impact of microplastics on terrestrial ecosystems: A plant-centric perspective

Environmental Pollution and Management

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Environmental Pollution and Management 2024年 1卷 223-234页

作者： Md Mehedee Hasan Most Nishat Tarannum Gazi A.K.M. Rafiqul Bari Ashikur Rahman Swapon Md Shahjahan Kabir Shakil Ahmmed Md. Daraj Uddin Prodhan Department of Agricultural Chemistry Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 South Korea Department of Fisheries Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University Dinajpur Bangladesh School of Mechanical Smart and Industrial Engineering Gachon University 1342 Seongnam-daero Sujeong-gu Seongnam-si 13120 Gyeonggi-do Republic of Korea Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Chonnam National University Gwangju Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program in IT-Bio Convergence System Chonnam National University Republic of Korea Department of Food Processing and Preservation Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University Dinajpur Bangladesh Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh 2202 Bangladesh Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207 Bangladesh

Microplastics (MPs), defined as plastic particles smaller than five millimeters, are pervasive environmental pollutants affecting ecosystems from aquatic habitats to terrestrial soils. While extensive research has been conducted on MPs contamination in marine environments, the impacts of MPs in agricultural soils, particularly on plant health, remain underexplored. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of MPs contamination sources, pathways, and effects on soil properties and plant systems, focusing on MPs unique mechanisms of translocation within plants. By examining the role of MPs in disrupting soil structure, microbial communities, and plant growth, this paper identifies critical knowledge gaps and highlights the ecological risks of MPs presence in agricultural settings. Unlike prior reviews, this work provides a plant-centric perspective, addressing MPs uptake, translocation, and accumulation within plant tissues, and proposes novel mitigation strategies such as biodegradable alternatives and advancements in waste management. Furthermore, we discuss the implications of MPs interactions with heavy metals and other pollutants in soil, which may amplify toxicity in plant systems and impact overall soil fertility. This review aims to inform future research directions and policy-making efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of MPs in terrestrial ecosystems, with significant implications for agricultural productivity, soil health, and long-term food security.

关键词： Microplastics Soil contamination Plant health Agricultural productivity Environmental pollution

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Machine learning based gastric cancer computer-aided diagnosis system using feature selection

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020年第1期69卷 170-176页

作者： Kim, Yun-Ji Lee, Sin-Ae Kim, Dong-Hyun Chae, Jung-Woo Ham, Hyun-Sik Cho, Hyun Chin Cho, Hyun-Chong Dept. of Electronics Engineering Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Electronics Engineering Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Internal Medicine Institute of Health Sciences Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang Korea Republic of

Gastric cancer is a kind of cancer that is difficult to detect at an early stage because it has almost no symptoms at the beginning. In this study, we propose a Computer-aided Diagnosis(CADx) system that detects gastric cancer from the endoscopy. The data set we used consist of 93 normal images and 93 gastric images. We extracted 6 features in 449 dimensions from the gastric endoscopy images and reduced them to 10 dimensions through feature selection algorithms. Algorithms that we use to dimension reduction are Pearson Correlation, Chi-Squared Test, Recursive Feature Elimination, and Model-based Feature Selection, which are provided by the Sci-kit Learn library. A method was also used to select the top 10 features with a higher number of times selected by these four algorithms. Normal images and gastric cancer images were classified using support vector machine(SVM). Recursive feature elimination algorithm has the highest performance among the five feature selection algorithms, with an accuracy of 0.92. © 2020 Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Support vector machines

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Physical thorax model and 2D grid of force sensors to monitor respiration

Physical thorax model and 2D grid of force sensors to monito...

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ASME 2019 International Mechanical engineering Congress and Exposition, IMECE 2019

作者： Dean, Matthew R. Martins, Noah J. Brown, Joseph D. McCusker, James Ma, Guohua Dow, Douglas E. Electromechanical Engineering Program Dept. of Interdisciplinary Engineering Wentworth Institute of Technology BostonMA United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Wentworth Institute of Technology BostonMA United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Wentworth Institute of Technology BostonMA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791859407

Sleep disorders impair the quality of life for many individuals, but often go undiagnosed and untreated due to the cost and sleep-disturbing aggravation of polysomnography, the clinical sleep test. Simpler sleep monitoring systems that could be used at home may provide useful health information. A 2D grid of force sensors within a mat beneath the thorax of a sleeping subject has been reported to enable monitoring of respiration during sleep. A physical model of a thorax over such a 2D grid of force sensors may enable more tests and perturbations of parameters than could be done using only human subjects. The purpose of this project was to develop and test a physical model of a thorax undergoing volume changes, and measuring the changes in force by a grid of force sensors under the model. A prototype system was developed. Early testing shows promise for being able to monitor the changes in force as volume of the model changes. More development and testing are required toward development of improved algorithms and systems for sleep monitoring mats. Copyright © 2019 ASME.

关键词： Sleep research

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Computer-aided diagnosis system for abnormalities classification in gastric endoscopy images using machine learning

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2020年第1期69卷 107-113页

作者： Lee, Sin-Ae Cho, Hyunchin Cho, Hyun-Chong Dept. of Electronics Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Internal Medicine & Institute of Health Sciences Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine and Gyeongsang National University Hospital Korea Republic of

Gastric cancer is the most common cancer and has been the number one incidence since 1999 in Korea(as of 2016). Gastrointestinal symptoms and functional gastrointestinal disorders comprise a large proportion of primary care and gastroenterology practice. We propose a Computer-aided Diagnosis (CADx) system that analyzing the traditional gastroscope images and help the medical experts improve the accuracy of medical diagnosis. The data set we used consists of 400 normal images and 285 abnormal images from 103 volunteers. We also extracted four color features and two texture features from each image. The Least Square Support Vector Machine(LS-SVM) classifier was used for normal and abnormal classification. LS-SVM finds the solution by solving a set of linear equations instead of a convex quadratic programming problem for classical SVMs. The AUC value was 0.85, which is 0.02 higher than that of normal SVM. Copyright © The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers.

关键词： Endoscopy

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Modeling supports the implementation of urban greening as a response to the challenges of sustainable spatial planning

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Journal of Environmental Management 2025年 386卷 125648页

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Da Seul Lee, Dong Kun Low-Carbon and Climate Impact Research Centre School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong Kowloon Tong China Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Forest Disaster & Environment Department National Institute of Forest Science Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Urban greening is critical for sustainable urban development, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation. However, the effectiveness of urban greening varies depending on the specific goals (e.g., enhancing biodiversity, reducing urban heat, or both) and their spatial implementation. To address the spatial variability in the effectiveness of greening, we propose a spatial decision support model based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). This model aims to optimize urban greening locations to maximize biomass density, mitigate urban heat stress, and improve landscape connectivity. Applied to Suwon City, South Korea, the model's effectiveness was evaluated against a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario across four scenarios: connectivity-based, biomass density-based, heat stress-based, and an integrated-based scenario. The integrated approach, balancing trade-offs between ecological benefits and implementation costs, outperformed the BAU scenario by 8.84 %. Despite highlighting a weaker correlation with heat stress mitigation, this outcome indicates significant improvements in biomass density and landscape connectivity. Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated planning approach to urban greening, as it can contribute toward attaining urban development goals. Additionally, by proposing an app-based model for policymakers, our outputs should enable the reconciliation of multiple environmental objectives in urban landscapes. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biotic

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Rats: A robotic arm training system designed for rats

Rats: A robotic arm training system designed for rats

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ASME 2020 International Design engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in engineering Conference, IDETC-CIE 2020

作者： Zhang, Haohan Luna, Tatiana Yang, Lillian Martin, John Agrawal, Sunil Robotics and Rehabilitation Laboratory Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States CUNY School of Medicine City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Dept. of Molecular Cellular and Biomedical Sciences Center for Discovery and Innovation CUNY School of Medicine Neuroscience Program CUNY Graduate Center New YorkNY10031 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780791883990

This paper presents a novel robotic system to characterize and retrain reaching in rats. This robot is intended to be a research platform for rehabilitation of forelimb movements in rats. In this paper, we focus on the design of this robotic system. We present the design requirements, mathematical models, and details of the physical device. A parallel mechanism with a special alignment of the component chains is used to accommodate observed reaching motions of a rat’s forelimb. Additionally, we demonstrate the use of this robot to record forelimb trajectories. Three healthy rats were used to record repeated reaching motions while the robot applied nearly zero force. We believe that this robotic system can be used in future training studies with rats who have impaired arm motions due to a neurological insult. Copyright © 2020 ASME

关键词： Rats

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Integration of Machine-Learned Force Fields for Phonon DOS in Nanoscale Heterostructures

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Microscopy and Microanalysis 2024年第SUPPLEMENT_1期30卷

作者： Walker, Harrison A Hoglund, Eric R Bao, De-Liang Kamal Hussain, Md Ni, Haoyang Mamun, Abdullah Baxter, Jefferey Khan, Asif Caldwell, Joshua D Hopkins, Patrick E Hachtel, Jordan A Pantelides, Sokrates T Dept. of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN United States Interdisciplinary Materials Science Program Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN United States Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN United States Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Univ. of Virginia Charlottesville VA United States Dept. of Electrical Engineering Univ. of South Carolina Columbia SC United States Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL United States Materials Research Laboratory Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana IL United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN United States Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Univ. of Virginia Charlottesville VA United States Dept. of Physics Univ. of Virginia Charlottesville VA United States Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Vanderbilt Univ. Nashville TN United States

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