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2nd International Conference on Convergent Information Technology, ICCIT 07

作者： Chung, Gih Sung Choi, Byoung Hoon Kim, Ko Keun Lim, Yong Gyu Choi, Jin Wook Jeong, Do-Un Park, Kwang Suk Interdisciplinary Program in Medical and Biological Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University College of Medicine and Hospital Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Oriental Biomedical Engineering Sangji University Wonju Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)0769530389

It is widely known that autonomic Nervous System (ANS) is one of the indices to indicate the wakefulness of person. Therefore measuring the biosignals relating with the ANS during sleep is required to evaluate sleep quality. There are many researches that heart rate derived from the electrocardiogram (ECG) is good index to show the sympathetic or parasympathetic activities. To assess the quality of sleep, polysomnagraphy is used as golden standard but subjects have to attach many of sensors to their body and It is not only complicate, but also influence their sleep. In this study, to measure the autonomic nervous activities, we introduce newly developed system using load-cell. The sensors installed bottom of the bed measure the ballistocardiogram, mechanical vibration of heart. Ballistocardiogram is one of the nonintrusive methods to measure the heart rates unconstrainedly. By comparing with reference signal, ECG using Ag-AgCl electrodes, we validated our system with the four subjects. The results show comparison of LF/HF ratio, one of the heart rate variability, measured from the load-cells and Ag-AgCl electrodes for the each sleep stage, deep sleep, light sleep and REM sleep. It shows the different pattern for the light and deep sleep but contrary to our expectation, REM sleep doesn't indicate the highest value. LF/HF ratio measured from both methods have no significant differences. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： Vibrations (mechanical)

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Noninvasive heart rate variability analysis using loadcell-installed bed during sleep

Noninvasive heart rate variability analysis using loadcell-i...

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29th Annual International Conference of IEEE-EMBS, engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC'07

作者： Chung, Gih Sung Choi, Byoung Hoon Jeong, Do-Un Park, Kwang Suk Interdisciplinary Program in Medical and Biological Engineering Seoul National University Graduate School Korea Republic of Dept. of Neuropsychiatry College of Medicine and Hospital Seoul National University Korea Republic of Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)1424407885

Polysomnography is the standard method to score the sleep stages or to determine the quality of sleep. During all night examination, subjects must attach complicate and numerous electrodes on their body to acquire the biosignals. They can influence participants' sleep stage transition or sleep pattern, and the method seems intricate. In many researches, it is reported that autonomic nervous system (ANS) is varying with sleep stage transition and heart rate variability (HRV) is one of the indices which reflects the changes of autonomic nervous system. In this point of view, we can estimate the sleep quality by observing the HRV variation. In this study, to analyze the heart rate variability, we introduce a new system that can detect the heart beats of subjects during sleep by using bed installed load-cell sensors. The pressure to the sensor changes with the pulsation of the heart and we consider it as ballistocardiogram, the physical heart beat signal. To validate our system, we adopted this system for the 4 subjects with the polysomnography. The results show the LF/HF ratio of the heart rate, one of the reflection parameters of ANS, acquired from the system for each sleep stage. To validate the results, the HRV from electrocardiogram using Ag-AgCl electrodes will be compared. © 2007 IEEE.

关键词： biomedical engineering

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Multivariate feature selection using random subspace classifiers for gene expression data

Multivariate feature selection using random subspace classif...

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7th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering, BIBE

作者： Kamath, Vidya P. Hall, Lawrence O. Yeatman, Timothy J. Eschrich, Steven A. Biomedical Engineering Program University of South Florida H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa FL United States Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering University of South Florida Tampa FL United States Dept. Interdisciplinary Oncology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute Tampa FL United States

ISBN: (纸本)1424415098

Gene expression analysis techniques identify important genes that predict specified outcomes based on sample characteristics. Given the small sample sizes common to these studies and the large dimensionality of the data, feature selection methods are essential. In addition, cancer-related expression analysis often involves imbalanced datasets due to rare forms of disease. Popular methods of feature selection employ univariate techniques to identify the features most suitable for analysis. We propose a multivariate technique for selecting accurate subsets of features using an approach based on random subspaces. The random subspace method is used to explore random combinations of features and only subspaces that produce accurate classifiers are retained. The method is tested on two independent gene expression datasets and compared with a univariate approach. The multivariate feature selection method resulted in a 33% improvement in classification accuracy overall and 90% improvement in classification accuracy for the minority class. ©2007 IEEE.

关键词： Gene expression

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Pancreatic tissue assessment using fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy

Pancreatic tissue assessment using fluorescence and reflecta...

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European Conference on biomedical Optics, ECBO 2007

作者： Chandra, Malavika Heidt, David Simeone, Diane McKenna, Barbara Scheiman, James Mycek, Mary-Ann Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Dept. of Surgery University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Dept. of Pathology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Division of Gastroenterology University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Dept. of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819467713

The ability of multi-modal optical spectroscopy to detect signals from pancreatic tissue was demonstrated by studying human pancreatic cancer xenografts in mice and freshly excised human pancreatic tumor tissue. Measured optical spectra and fluorescence decays were correlated with tissue morphological and biochemical properties. The measured spectral features and decay times correlated well with expected pathological differences in normal, pancreatitis and adenocarcinoma tissue states. The observed differences between the fluorescence and reflectance properties of normal, pancreatitis and adenocarcinoma tissue indicate a possible application of multi-modal optical spectroscopy to differentiating between the three tissue classifications. © 2007 SPIE-OSA.

关键词： Tissue

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Sensing metabolic activity in tissue engineered constructs

Sensing metabolic activity in tissue engineered constructs

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European Conference on biomedical Optics, ECBO 2007

作者： Chandra, Malavika Wilson, Robert H. Lo, Wen-Liang Vishwanath, Karthik Izumi, Kenji Feinberg, Stephen E. Mycek, Mary-Ann Applied Physics Program University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery University of Michigan Ann Arbor 48109 United States Dept. of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States Comprehensive Cancer Center University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780819467713

Tissue engineered constructs can be employed to graft wounds or replace diseased tissue. Non-invasive methods are required to assess cellular viability in these constructs both pre-and post-implantation into patients. In this study, Monte Carlo simulations and fluorescence experiments were executed on ex vivo produced oral mucosa equivalent (EVPOME) constructs to investigate the fluorescence emitted at 355 nm excitation from these constructs. Both simulations and experiments indicated the need to investigate alternative excitation wavelengths in order to increase the cellular fluorescence from these constructs, while decreasing contributions from extra-cellular fluorophores. © 2007 SPIE-OSA.

关键词： Tissue engineering

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Systemic administration of IGF-I enhances healing in collagenous extracellular matrices: Evaluation of loaded and unloaded ligaments

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BMC Physiology 2007年第1期7卷 2-2页

作者： Provenzano, Paolo P. Alejandro-Osorio, Adriana L. Grorud, Kelley W. Martinez, Daniel A. Vailas, Arthur C. Grindeland, Richard E. Vanderby Jr., Ray Dept. of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin Madison WI United States Dept. of Biomolecular Chemistry University of Wisconsin Madison WI United States Dept. of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation University of Wisconsin Madison WI United States Dept. Health and Human Performance University of Houston Houston TX United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Biomedical Engineering Program University of Houston Houston TX United States Life Sciences Research Division NASA-Ames Research Center Moffett Field CA United States

Background. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) plays a crucial role in wound healing and tissue repair. We tested the hypotheses that systemic administration of IGF-I, or growth hormone (GH), or both (GH+IGF-I) would improve healing in collagenous connective tissue, such as ligament. These hypotheses were examined in rats that were allowed unrestricted activity after injury and in animals that were subjected to hindlimb disuse. Male rats were assigned to three groups: ambulatory sham-control, ambulatory-healing, and hindlimb unloaded-healing. Ambulatory and hindlimb unloaded animals underwent surgical disruption of their knee medial collateral ligaments (MCLs), while sham surgeries were performed on control animals. Healing animals subcutaneously received systemic doses of either saline, GH, IGF-I, or GH+IGF-I. After 3 weeks, mechanical properties, cell and matrix morphology, and biochemical composition were examined in control and healing ligaments. Results. Tissues from ambulatory animals receiving only saline had significantly greater strength than tissue from saline receiving hindlimb unloaded animals. Addition of IGF-I significantly improved maximum force and ultimate stress in tissues from both ambulatory and hindlimb unloaded animals with significant increases in matrix organization and type-I collagen expression. Addition of GH alone did not have a significant effect on either group, while addition of GH+IGF-I significantly improved force, stress, and modulus values in MCLs from hindlimb unloaded animals. Force, stress, and modulus values in tissues from hindlimb unloaded animals receiving IGF-I or GH+IGF-I exceeded (or were equivalent to) values in tissues from ambulatory animals receiving only saline with greatly improved structural organization and significantly increased type-I collagen expression. Furthermore, levels of IGF-receptor were significantly increased in tissues from hindlimb unloaded animals treated with IGF-I. Conclusion. These results sup

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Microfluidic cell culture chip employing polymeric nanofiber membrane

Microfluidic cell culture chip employing polymeric nanofiber...

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10th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2006

作者： Kim, Sung Rak Lee, Ki Hwa Lee, Kwang Ho Baek, Ju Yeoul Park, Yong Doo Sun, Kyung Lee, Sang Hoon Dept. of Biomedical Engineering Korea Univ. Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Medical and Biological Engineering Major Seoul National University Korea Republic of Korea Republic of

In this paper, we have developed cell chip employing polymeric nanofiber membrane which was used for the better diffusion of nutrition or other materials suchas growth factor and for the scaffold of cell culture, and we evaluated the function of this chip by culturing the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) which have large potential applications in the tissue engineering. © 2006 Society for Chemistry and Micro-Nano Systems.

关键词： Cell culture

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A novel artificial renal microchip employing polymeric nanofibers membrane

A novel artificial renal microchip employing polymeric nanof...

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10th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences, MicroTAS 2006

作者： Lee, Kwang Ho Kim, Jae Gwan Kim, Duck Joong Lee, Sang Hoon Min, Byoung Goo Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Engineering Major Seoul National University Korea Republic of School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Seoul National University Korea Republic of Dept. Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Korea University Korea Republic of Dept. Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University Korea Republic of

In this study, a novel artificial renal replacement system is presented using a biocompatible polymeric nanofibers and MEMS technology. Usually, a classical artificial renal replacement system employs a semi-permeable membrane based hemodialyzer that replaces an ability of the kidney by removing metabolic toxins through diffusion and hydraulic pressure gradients. But, it has some limits in efficient filtration of metabolic byproducts (e.g.: urea, creatinine, and so on). We have developed PDMS based artificial renal microchips (AR chip) integrating biocompatible polymeric nanofibers which are utilized for the filtration of blood. Here, we demonstrate a novel artificial renal chip by integrating a high efficient biocompatible polymeric nanofibers membrane with the PDMS based micro-fluidic platform. Via the optimization of PDMS micro fluidic channel network and the multiple packaging of nanofibers membrane, we will realize the portable and wearable artificial kidney system. © 2006 Society for Chemistry and Micro-Nano Systems.

关键词： Nanofibers

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Hardware single-switch keyboard and mouse replacement for computer control

Hardware single-switch keyboard and mouse replacement for co...

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IEEE 32nd Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, 2006

作者： Chabot, Eugene DiCecco, John Baugh, Nicole Ying, Sun Biomedical Engineering Program Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rhode Island Kingston RI 02881-0805 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780395638

A practical, low-cost device is constructed to emulate a computer keyboard and mouse through a single-switch input. Most of the current single-switch computer interface designs focus on simplified hardware implementations with a major portion handled on the destination computer in software. Our device called the PowerKeyboard provides an operating system independent, hardware, single-switch interface for persons of limited mobility or a form of paralysis. A combination of scanning and scrolling techniques provide the available keystroke and mouse control commands on an Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The triggering of a switch transmits the selected action or executes a stored configuration command of the PowerKeyboard, such as scrolling rate. In this paper, we present the design of the PowerKeyboard and compare it to existing designs. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Interfaces (computer)

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Visual-to-tactile interface to detect motions in real-time for persons with visual impairments

Visual-to-tactile interface to detect motions in real-time f...

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IEEE 32nd Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference, 2006

作者： Chabot, Eugene Sun, Ying Biomedical Engineering Program Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rhode Island Kingston RI 02881-0805 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0780395638

In this paper we propose an assistive technology (AT) device for individuals with visual impairments. This device would extract motion information from images acquired from a capture device and present the information through a tactile interface. The algorithm utilized provides information about the amount of motion present in the field of view and the centroid of the motion. Depending upon the number of stimulators and the location of the active stimulators, the direction and size of the objects could be determined. Currently, a simulation of the operation is performed using a computer to process images captured from an inexpensive camera. The primary goal of this design is to provide an AT device that is practical, cost-effective, and useful for individuals with visual impairments. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Patient treatment

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