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Integrating ecosystem services and ecological connectivity to prioritize spatial conservation on Jeju Island, South Korea

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landscape AND URBAN PLANNING 2023年第1期239卷

作者： Kim, Jihwan Song, Youngkeun Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Transdisciplinary Program Smart City Global Conver Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Studies Dept Environm Design Seoul 08826 South Korea

Increasing development pressure on designated natural heritage areas poses a significant threat to biodiversity and ecosystems. Balancing intensive development and biodiversity conservation is crucial for achieving ecological sustainability. Ecological connectivity (EC) enhances regional ecological sustainability by promoting interactions between ecological sources and stabilizing ecosystem dynamics. Spatial conservation prioritization (SCP) is a useful approach for identifying areas requiring protection;however, resource allocation decisions for connectivity conservation remain challenging. In this study, we identified SCP areas and evaluated EC using the circuit theory-based Omniscape algorithm on Jeju Island, South Korea, a designated natural heritage site. Our objectives were to identify key pinch point areas, determine suitable locations for conservation and restoration based on our EC findings, and discuss strategies to enhance EC on Jeju Island. Our results showed that ecological sources are predominantly situated in central and eastern Jeju Island, whereas urban areas had high resistance values. These findings indicate ecological disconnection between coastal and mid-mountain areas;pinch points represented 4.92% and 8.87% of these areas, respectively. Channeled areas were mainly concentrated in mid-mountain regions. SCP areas occurred in small (22.06 km2, 18%) and large (97.52 km2, 79.54%) patches in coastal and mid-mountain areas, respectively, which did not overlap with existing protected areas. Our findings will assist land use planners and stakeholders in implementing conservation and restoration policies for mid-mountain areas, and provide guidance for connecting coastal and inland regions.

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Urban flood adaptation planning for local governments: Hydrology analysis and optimization

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION 2021年 59卷 102213-102213页

作者： Choi, Younghun Kang, Junsuk Kim, Jaekyoung Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Urban Design Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Natl Inst Environm Studies Ctr Global Environm Res Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058506 Japan Seoul Natl Univ Res Inst Agr & Life Sci Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Transdisciplinary Program Smart City Global Conve Seoul 08826 South Korea

Urban flooding damage is an increasing problem in cities worldwide and is only expected to become worse as urbanization and climate change continue. To prevent disasters and minimize loss of life and economic harm, government agencies have started implementing large-scale projects;however, budgetary constraints and overly optimistic designs have prevented the desired results. This study aims to prove that flood adaptation models using small-scale technologies can ameliorate the impact of torrential rainfall events. A new hydrology analysis model was applied to a district in Seoul, Korea that is prone to frequent floods. The results were encouraging and indicated the effectiveness of careful planning and urban design.

关键词： Climate change Disaster Hydrology analysis Urban flooding Flood adaptation

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Smart cities and disaster risk reduction in South Korea by 2022: The case of Daegu

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HELIYON 2023年第8期9卷 e18794页

作者： Kim, Jaekyoung Lee, Jung-Min Kang, Junsuk Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Transdisciplinary Program Smart City Global Conver Seoul 08826 South Korea Land & Housing Inst Daejeon 34047 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Res Inst Agr & Life Sci Seoul 08826 South Korea

Smart cities have been introduced globally. It involves technical development and economic, social, and environmental objectives. In response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) and global trends, Korea has prepared legal and institutional measures for smart city composition. This study reviewed the importance of key documents and agreements in Daegu Metropolitan City to reduce disaster risk for the vulnerable in the context of smart cities. 25 research studies were critically and systematically reviewed from the perspective of disaster risk reduction in smart cities. In its disaster safety areas, Daegu Metropolitan City aims to reduce property damage and casualties that may occur because of physical events such as collapse, water-related disasters, and heatwaves by up to 20%. Smart disaster mitigation involves data collection, sharing, and propagation. The entire process is handled on a safety platform called Data hub. According to the Daegu Metropolitan City government, solving social problems and managing disasters is key to a smart city, and it is striving to improve the efficiency of other cities. However, Daegu has limitations because it is a service-oriented smart city, and it is necessary to engage citizens to participate, raise awareness of the smart city, and educate them on the platform. The study results recommend future research that focus on disaster risk reduction and resilience in smart cities worldwide.

关键词： Smart city Disaster risk reduction Smart city innovation growth engine project Disaster mitigation Data sharing Safety platform

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STUDY ON THE PROCESS OF INTRODUCING TOWN DEVELOPMENT LEARNING AND STUDENT'S LEARNING THROUGH ITS IMPLEMENTATION

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AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 2022年第70期28卷 1635-1640页

作者： Urai, Ryotaro Hashida, Ryohei Kikuchi, Shigetomo Dept. of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Graduate School of Engineering The Univ. of Tokyo Japan Program of Architecture Faculty of Engineering Niigata Univ. Japan Faculty of Human-Environment Studies Kyushu Univ. Japan

In this study, we identify the challenges in implementing town development learning using the case of hometown learning we practiced at Koyasan Junior High School. Koyasan is famous as a tourist destination with a World Heritage Site but has been experiencing a population decline in recent years. In collaboration with teachers, we planned a hometown study program targeting the historic city area, including the discovery of the town's charms and issues and proposals for the future, which we implemented through trial and error in actual classes. © 2022 Architectural Institute of Japan. All rights reserved.

关键词： Population statistics

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Urban flood adaptation and optimization for net-zero: Case study of Dongjak-gu, Seoul

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JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY-REGIONAL STUDIES 2022年 41卷

作者： Kim, Jaekyoung Lee, Jihoon Hwang, Soonho Kang, Junsuk Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Transdisciplinary Program Smart City Global Conver Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Univ Illinois Urbana Champaign Res Inst Agr & Life Sci Dept Agr & Biol Engn IL61801 Seoul 08826 South Korea

Study region: Sangdo-dong, Dongjak-gu, which is classified as inland water disaster risk zone within Seoul, Republic of Korea. Study focus: This study evaluated the amount of flooding that could occur in the carbon-neutral era, and optimized low-impact development (LID) technology for an urban flood adaptation. The optimal scenario of LID technologies was proposed for the Sangdo-dong area at the urban level, and the amount of runoff and flood reduction was evaluated. New hydrological insights: The LID controls provided by the storm water management model were used to analyze the flood damage that may occur under RCP 2.6 scenario. The evaluation simulated eight combinations of three optimized techniques: green roofs, permeable pavements, and vegetative swales to construct evidence-based data for the use by decision makers. In Scenario 8, which was evaluated as the most efficient, both peak and total flooding could be reduced by 55-60% respectively. This study not only evaluate the runoff but also the flooding value reflecting the interactions among LID-pipe networks. The LID installation area and runoff damage scale are inversely proportional. In contrast, as total flooding considers the capacity of the sewage network, a non uniform graph can be seen compared to the runoff. Results of this study can be used as guidance for LID evidence-based design and construction as well as strategies for decision maker.

关键词： Hydrology LID-pipe network Climate change scenario Net-Zero RCP 2 6 Storm water management

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Verification of CFD Method for Meshing Analysis on the Propeller Performance with OpenFOAM

Verification of CFD Method for Meshing Analysis on the Prope...

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International Conference on Computing, Electronics & Communications Engineering (iCCECE)

作者： Aldias Bahatmaka Dong-Joon Kim Yongxing Zhang Interdisciplinary program of Marine Convergence Design Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea Dept. of Naval Architecture and Marine Systems Engineering Pukyong National University Busan Republic of Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781538649053;9781538649046

This paper inspects the capability if using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tools to investigate the effect of free surface with marine propeller. We conducted the numerical simulation for propeller performance on the open-water test. The numerical simulations were compared the meshing strategies for the propeller. The simulations show that effect on the thrust and torque. The OpenFOAM was applied to solve the propeller problem, where open water performances of propeller (KP505) is estimated by a Reynold-average Navier-Stokes equations (RANS) solver which is using the three-dimensional unsteady incompressible viscous flow and using the turbulence of k-Omega SST. For the mesh generation, unstructure meshes used in the numerical simulation with hexahedral meshing. The Arbitrary mesh strategy (AMI) and Multiple Rotating Frame (MRF) were compared to define the best meshing. The meshing strategies were selected in 3 categories, e.g coarse, medium, and fine mesh. Thus, the propeller can be performed in the best mesh. The numerical results were validated with the experimental data. The KT, KQ, and Efficiency of the propeller were compared to an experimental result and for all of the meshing strategies. Thus, the simulations show the influence of meshing in order to perform the propeller performance.

关键词： Propellers Mathematical model Numerical models Blades Oceans Convergence Computational fluid dynamics

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Modeling spatial climate change landuse adaptation with multi-objective genetic algorithms to improve resilience for rice yield and species richness and to mitigate disaster risk

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ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS 2019年第2期14卷 024001-024001页

作者： Yoon, Eun Joo Thorne, James H. Park, Chan Lee, Dong Kun Kim, Kwang Soo Yoon, Heeyeun Seo, Changwan Lim, Chul-Hee Kim, Haeryung Song, Young-Il Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul 08826 South Korea Univ Calif Davis Dept Environm Sci & Policy Davis CA 95616 USA Univ Seoul Dept Landscape Architecture Seoul 02504 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Landscape Architecture & Rural Syst Engn Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Dept Plant Sci Seoul 08826 South Korea Natl Inst Ecol Div Ecol Survey Res Seocheon Gun 33657 South Korea Korea Univ Inst Life Sci & Nat Resources Seoul 02481 South Korea Korea Environm Inst Korea Adaptat Ctr Climate Change Sejong 30121 South Korea

As climate change is ongoing, many studies have recently focused on adaptation to climate change from a spatial perspective. However little is known about how changing the spatial composition of landuse could improve climate change resilience. Consideration of climate change impacts when spatially allocating landuse could be a useful and fundamental long term adaptation strategy, particularly for regional planning. Here, we identify climate adaptation scenarios based on existing extents of three landuse classes using multi-objective genetic algorithms for a 9982 km 2 region with 3.5 million inhabitants in South Korea. We selected five objectives for adaptation based on predicted climate change impacts and regional economic conditions: minimization of disaster damage and existing landuse conversion, maximization of rice yield, protection of high species richness areas, and economic value. We generated 17 Pareto landuse scenarios by six weighted combinations of the adaptation objectives. Most scenarios, although varying in magnitude, showed better performance than the current spatial landuse composition for all adaptation objectives, suggesting that some alteration of current landuse patterns could increase overall climate resilience. Given the flexible structure of the optimization model, we expect that regional stakeholders could efficiently generate other scenarios by adjusting model parameters (weighting combinations) or replacing input data (impact maps), and selecting a scenario depending on preference or a number of problem-related factors.

关键词： scenario planning landslides economic value landuse conversion trade-offs South Korea

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An empirical assessment of whether urban green ecological networks have the capacity to store higher levels of carbon

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2024年第1期14卷 1-15页

作者： Wan, Yunshan Wang, Yilei Gao, Ming Jin, Lin China Architecture Design & Res Grp Sch Architecture Beijing Peoples R China Huazhong Agr Univ Dept Landscape Architecture Wuhan Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Architecture Harbin Peoples R China Minist Ind & Informat Technol Key Lab Cold Reg Urban & Rural Human Settlement En Harbin Peoples R China Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Integrated Major Smart City Global Convergence Seoul South Korea

Carbon-neutral growth is a crucial long-term climatic aim in the context of global warming. This paper introduces complex network theory and explores its potential application to achieve this goal. Specifically, we investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of nodes and sources in the ecological network, and examine whether a relationship exists between the topological index of network nodes and the landscape pattern index of ecological source areas. We also determine the contribution of nodes to the carbon stock of the entire network by exploring the correlation between the carbon stock of nodes and sources to develop an optimization strategy based on the synergistic effect of node-source carbon enhancement. Finally, we test the effect of network optimization through robustness. Our results show that: (1) The correlation topological feature index analysis reveals that the degree distribution of the node network's topological characteristics becomes dispersed and modular, exhibiting the characteristics of small-world networks according to a large clustering coefficient. The heterogeneity and extent of ecological source landscapes have increased by modularity index but remain distributed and locally fragmented;(2) According to correlation analysis, by enhancing the eccentricity of the node topology, the patch cohesion index (COHESION) of the ecological source site can maximize the contribution of the node to the enhancement of the carbon stock benefits of the source site;(3) According to the tests on the robustness of nodes and edges and the robustness of network links, network stability is improved and carbon sink capacity is enhanced. Simultaneously, the restoration and rejuvenation of ecological space through national ecological construction projects can effectively improve the carbon sink within the organized region, contributing to the carbon neutrality aim. This research gives scientific and quantifiable references for potential ecological construction p

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Attributes of the Positive Side of Urban Shrinkage: Evidence from Seoul

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JOURNAL OF URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT 2023年第2期149卷 05023008-05023008页

作者： Cho, Hyung Rae Kim, Saehoon Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Studies Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture 82-3161 Gwanak Ro Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Environm Planning Inst 82-3161 Gwanak Ro Seoul 08826 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Studies Dept Landscape Architecture Urban Design Major & I 82-4101 Gwanak Ro Seoul 08826 South Korea

While most studies on shrinking urban areas have focused on the negative consequences of urban change, scholarly interest in reinventing urban shrinkage continues to grow. Nevertheless, research on the possible benefits of urban shrinkage remains insufficient. Thus, this study used a cross-case analysis to investigate the positive attributes of shrinkage as well as their utilization processes and associated benefits in three shrinking districts in Seoul. The results indicate that the following opportune circumstances could arise: collective actions prompted by people feeling despair after shrinkage;the initiation and spread of small-scale projects that replace a grand plan;the availability of less competitive land and built property for transformative uses;and the rediscovery of local industrial values and know-how. These attributes influence the growth of social capital and civic engagement in local planning and the revitalization of stagnant local economies. The findings suggest that even if an urban district declines, opportunities for reinvention may occur if stakeholders effectively capitalize on the favorable features of urban shrinkage.

关键词： Urban shrinkage Urban decline Shrinking cities Urban regeneration Sustainable development

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Unveiling differences in biodiversity conservation efficiency across multi-level ecological networks under future climate change scenarios

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ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS 2024年 169卷

作者： Liu, Qiqi Hang, Tian Wu, Yunfei Song, Youngkeun Tang, Xiaolan Nanjing Forestry Univ Dept Landscape Architecture Nanjing Peoples R China Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Environm Studies Dept Environm Design Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Interdisciplinary Program Landscape Architecture Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Integrated Major Smart City Global Convergence Seoul South Korea Nanjing Forestry Univ Dept Art & Design Nanjing Peoples R China Nanjing Forestry Univ Acad Chinese Ecol Progress & Forestry Studies Nanjing Peoples R China

Constructing ecological networks between protected areas is crucial for preventing further biodiversity loss. Considering the variations among protected areas, developing multi-level ecological networks can optimize resource allocation. However, the future effectiveness of these multi-level networks in protecting biodiversity remains unclear. In this study, we considered aspects including the distribution of endangered species, the impact of climate change, and human activity to identify ecological sources at different levels and established multi-level ecological corridors. We then evaluated the biodiversity conservation efficiency of multi-level ecological networks under future climate change scenarios. The results showed that high-priority ecological corridors are primarily concentrated in the southwestern part of the Yangtze River Delta, gradually extending eastward, while ecological corridors in the northern region are of relatively lower priority. Significant differences were also observed in the conservation efficiency of ecological networks at different levels. Under future climate change scenarios (SSP 126, 245, 370, and 585), smaller scale but higher-priority ecological networks (Level 1 and Level 2) demonstrated higher conservation efficiency, reaching 75.36% and 61.13%, respectively. In contrast, larger scale but lower-priority ecological networks (Level 3 and Level 4) had conservation efficiency below 50%. These results highlight that the prioritization of ecological networks should be considered during their construction and implementation, as it is essential to their future contributions to biodiversity conservation.

关键词： Ecological network Biodiversity conservation Conservation efficiency Protected areas SSP scenarios

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