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Characterizing and addressing student learning issues and misconceptions (SLIMs) in materials science with muddiest point reflections and fast formative feedback

Characterizing and addressing student learning issues and mi...

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121st ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: 360 Degrees of engineering Education

作者： Krause, Stephen J. Baker, Dale R. Carberry, Adam R. Alford, Terry L. Ankeny, Jane Koretsky, Milo Brooks, Bill Jay Waters, Cindy Gibbons, Brady J. Maass, Sean Chan, Candace K. Fulton School of Engineering Arizona State University United States Arizona State University United States School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering Arizona State University United States Dept. of Chem Engineering Oregon State University United States School of Chemical Biological and Environmental Engineering Oregon State University United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering North Carolina A and T State University United States Dept. of Materials Science Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical Oregon State University United States Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering United States Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering School for Engineering of Matter Transport and Energy Arizona State University United States

Well-designed formative feedback has the potential to enhance both instructor teaching and student learning. Initially, developing a formative feedback process takes some effort, but once established, requires little effort. The process includes four steps: 1) acquiring data from student reflections;2) assessing and characterizing student responses in order to diagnose the learning issues that can impede students from achieving their learning goals;3) designing and synthesizing the type and mode of formative feedback that best addresses the learning issues;and 4) selecting a formative feedback delivery method that quickly communicates to students the information and/or resources that they can use to enhance progress toward their learning goals. Over time, feedback to students on their performance and reflections on topical content has been divided into two general types - one is outcome feedback and the other is information or process feedback. Outcome feedback basically describes whether an outcome of a task is correct or incorrect, which only provides limited guidance for the student. In particular, with traditional lecture-and-test pedagogy, instructors communicate outcome feedback to students that is mainly composed of assessment by grading of homework, quizzes and tests as to whether the work is correct or incorrect. As such, instructors often assume that students can use this limited information to subsequently improve their knowledge and understanding of the content. On the other hand, information or process feedback from data analysis and synthesis of directed feedback provides rich and insightful information to address issues related to students' learning processes. It helps students monitor their construction of knowledge and contributes to the selfregulation that leads to deeper conceptual learning and the achievement of their learning goals. There are many methods for acquiring student reflection responses, but in this paper we will focus on the steps of

关键词： Students

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A new low reynolds number one-equation turbulence model based on a k-ω closure

A new low reynolds number one-equation turbulence model base...

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44th AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference 2014

作者： Wray, Timothy J. Agarwal, Ramesh K. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO 63130 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781624102899

Accurate turbulence modeling remains a critical problem in the prediction capability of computational fluid dynamics. In this paper a new one equation eddy viscosity model is derived from k-ω closure. The ω-equation used in this derivation includes a cross diffusion term that allows the new model to switch between a k-ω or k-Ε behavior. The new model is used to simulate the flow of several canonical separated flow cases. The open source software OpenFOAM is used for the flow calculations. It is shown that the new model increases the accuracy of flow simulations compared to the commonly used Spalart-Allmaras (SA) and Shear-Stress-Transport (SST) k-ω models for several of these flows.

关键词： Turbulence models

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Development of a finite state model for a coaxial rotor in forward flight

Development of a finite state model for a coaxial rotor in f...

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70th American Helicopter Society International Annual Forum 2014

作者： Nowak, Morgan Prasad, J.V.R. Peters, David School of Aerospace Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Washington University Saint Louis MI United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781632666918

Finite state inflow models satisfy the need for a computationally efficient induced inflow model in support of realtime rotor inflow calculations. Finite state inflow models develop equations relating pressure shaping functions to velocity shaping functions. This paper expands on the finite state model by applying an active-receiving rotor concept, which allows for the solution of off-disk inflows by relating the pressure from an active rotor to the induced inflow at a receiving rotor. The active-receiving rotor model has the same form of equations as the current industry standard model, the Peters-He model, but with different coefficient matrices. Model results are compared with experimental data from the Harrington rotor wind tunnel tests consisting of two teetering rotors tested in a coaxial rotor configuration. Rotor power requirements in trim are correlated for various forward flight cases. Results are also compared with Free Vortex Method (FVM) results and numerical integration results from the literature. Copyright © 2014 by the American Helicopter Society International, Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind tunnels

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Phase transformations and microstructure in gas tungsten ARC welds of grade 23 steel tubing

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7th International Conference on Advances in materials Technology for Fossil Power Plants

作者： Alexandrov, B.T. Steiner, J.M. Strader, K.C. Feng, X. Lippold, J.C. Dierksheide, J.E. Tanzosh, J.M. Welding Engineering Program Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Ohio State University Columbus OH United States Babcock and Wilcox Research Center Barberton OH United States

ISBN: (纸本)1627080600

The objective of this study was to determine the typical range of weld metal cooling rates and phase transformations during multipass gas-tungsten arc (GTA) welding of Grade 23 (SA-213 T23) tubing, and to correlate these to the microstructure and hardness in the weld metal and heat affected zone (HAZ). The effect of microstructure and hardness on the potential susceptibility to cracking was evaluated. Multipass GTA girth welds in Grade 23 tubes with outside diameter of 2 in. and wall thicknesses of 0.185 in. and 0.331 in. were produced using Grade 23 filler wire and welding heat input between 18.5 and 38 kJ/in. The weld metal cooling histories were acquired by plunging type C thermocouples in the weld pool. The weld metal phase transformations were determined with the technique for single sensor differential thermal analysis (SS DTA). The microstructure in the aswelded and re-heated weld passes was characterized using light optical microscopy and hardness mapping. Microstructures with hardness between 416 and 350 HV0.1 were found in the thick wall welds, which indicated potential susceptibility to hydrogen induced cracking (HIC) caused by hydrogen absorption during welding and to stress corrosion cracking (SSC) during acid cleaning and service. Copyright © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Distributed by ASM International®. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hardness

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Fluid flow-induced bending of the primary cilium triggers a distinct intraciliary calcium flux in mesenchymal stem cells

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Cilia 2015年第SUPPLEMENT 1期4卷 P22-P22页

作者： Corrigan, M. Lee, K. Labour, M. Jacobs, C. Hoey, D. University of Limerick Centre for Applied Biomedical Engineering Research Limerick Ireland University of Limerick Dept. Mechanical Aeronautical and Biomedical Engineering Limerick Ireland University of Limerick Materials and Surface Science Institute Limerick Ireland Columbia University Department of Biomedical Engineering New York NY United States Trinity College Trinity Centre for Bioengineering Dublin Ireland

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Novel nanoblends prepared from simultaneous in-situ polymerization and compatibilization of bio-based plant oils and thermoplastic polymer

Novel nanoblends prepared from simultaneous in-situ polymeri...

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Technical Conference and Exhibition of the Society of Plastics Engineers, ANTEC DUBAI 2014

作者： Madbouly, Samy A. Liu, Kunwei Kessler, Michael R. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Iowa State University AmesIA United States School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University PullmanWA United States Cairo University Faculty of Science Chemistry Department Giza Egypt

ISBN: (纸本)9781634397179

Nanostructured blends with prescribed macromolecular structure and properties have been successfully prepared via in-situ cationic polymerization of bio-based rung oil in the presence of poly(Ε-caprolactone) as a crystallizable, biodegradable, and biocompatible polymer. Different degrees of miscibility, morphology, and crystallization behavior have been observed as a function of blend composition. The isothermal crystallization kinetics of PCL/tung oil blends were investigated as a function of composition at different crystallization temperatures and analyzed on the basis of Avrami approach. A substantial decrease in the isothermal crystallization kinetics was observed as the concentration of PCL increased in the blends up to 30 wt.%. In a contrast, for 50 wt.% PCL blend, a considerable increase in the crystallization kinetics was detected.

关键词： Crystallization kinetics

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Manufacturing and fracture behavior of large scale multilayered metal-ceramic nanocomposites

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Journal of Institutional Economics 2014年第2期1650卷 1-7页

作者： Young, Austin T. Farias, Stephen L. Hemker, Kevin J. Cammarata, Robert C. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St Baltimore 21210 MD United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St Baltimore 21210 MD United States

Uniform and multilayered nanocomposites are of growing interest due to their desirable mechanical properties and their performance under high stress, wear, and impact conditions. Composite structures offer an opportunity to combine the useful properties from multiple materials. Controlled variations in composition and microstructure within a composite material allow for tunable local variations in properties. The simplest version of such a variation is to periodically change the composite volume fraction to create a multilayered composite material. Such structures would have hard layers to maintain strength and softer layers to allow for greater plasticity and prevent brittle failure. We are able to manufacture uniform and layered composites of nickel matrices embedded with alumina nanoparticles using electrodeposition. In this method a rotating disk electrode (RDE) is used to directly control the rate of particle incorporation. Uniform composites are made by holding a constant RDE rotation rate while layered composites are manufactured by periodically varying the rotation rate during deposition. We have demonstrated this novel manufacturing process for large-scale samples, several square centimeters in area and hundreds of microns thick, while maintaining submicron microstructural resolution. © 2014 materials Research Society.

关键词： composite electrodeposition structural

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Reliability of sheet moulding composites (SMC) for the automotive industry

Reliability of sheet moulding composites (SMC) for the autom...

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7th International Conference on Times of Polymers (TOP) and Composites 2014

作者： Lamanna, Giuseppe Ceparano, Angelo Sartore, Luciana Materials Engineering and Science Lab Dept. of Industrial and Information Engineering Second University of Naples SUN Via Roma 29 81031 Aversa Italy Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Via Valotti 9 25123 Brescia Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9780735412330

The reliability of Sheet Moulding Composite (SMC) has been analysed by means of mechanical static and fatigue tests. SMCs showed substantial in-plane anisotropy either in terms of stiffness or strength reflecting the preferential orientation of the short fibres along the direction of the conveyor belt during the processing operations. The static data were modelled on a statistical basis assuming that the monotonic tensile strength follows a two-parameter Weibull distribution, while for the fatigue test we adopted a two parameters model already validated for Glass Fibre Reinforced Plastics (GFRP). Overall, the procedure indicated that he material reliability and its applicability limits can be achieved with a minimum of experimental tests. © 2014 AIP Publishing LLC.

关键词： Reliability

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Electrical properties of lanthanum silicate apatite electrolytes prepared by an innovative chemical route

Electrical properties of lanthanum silicate apatite electrol...

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Symposium on Nanotechnology General Session - 225th ECS Meeting

作者： Macedo, G.L.S. Macedo, D.A. Rajesh, S. Martinelli, A.E. Figueiredo, F.M.L. Marques, F.M.B. Nascimento, R.M. Department of Chemical Engineering UFRN Natal59078-970 Brazil Department of Materials Engineering UFPB João Pessoa58051-900 Brazil Dept. of Materials and Ceramic Eng. CICECO University of Aveiro 3810-193 Portugal Materials Science and Engineering Postgraduate Program UFRN 59078-970 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781607685869

This work reports the synthesis of apatite-type lanthanum silicate powders with nominal composition La10Si6O27 by an innovative chemical route which combines co-precipitation and sol-gel approaches. The herein proposed synthetic procedure is advantageous in reducing energy consumption and processing time, key elements to decrease the total manufacturing cost. The asprepared powder was calcined between 500 and 900 °C. Structure of the calcined powders, characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Rietveld refinement, indicated the formation of apatite crystalline lanthanum silicate with minor amount of L2O3 at 900 °C. The apatite powder was further analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of sintering temperature, ranging from 1400 to 1450 °C, on the electrical properties was investigated by impedance spectroscopy. Electrical measurements were recorded in the 400-800 °C temperature range. The lanthanum silicate electrolyte sintered at 1450 °C exhibited total electrical conductivity (σ700 °C = 2.12 × 10-3 ***-1) comparable with samples from literature prepared by sol-gel and freeze drying methods and sintered at 1500 °C. The results in the present study demonstrate that the co-precipitation method combined with a solgel approach is a promising alternative route to synthesize lanthanum silicate powders. © The Electrochemical Society.

关键词： Powders

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Manufacturing and fracture behavior of large scale multilayered metal-ceramic nanocomposites

Manufacturing and fracture behavior of large scale multilaye...

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2013 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Young, Austin T. Farias, Stephen L. Hemker, Kevin J. Cammarata, Robert C. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St BaltimoreMD21210 United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles St BaltimoreMD21210 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510805170

Uniform and multilayered nanocomposites are of growing interest due to their desirable mechanical properties and their performance under high stress, wear, and impact conditions. Composite structures offer an opportunity to combine the useful properties from multiple materials. Controlled variations in composition and micro structure within a composite material allow for tunable local variations in properties. The simplest version of such a variation is to periodically change the composite volume fraction to create a multilayered composite material. Such structures would have hard layers to maintain strength and softer layers to allow for greater plasticity and prevent brittle failure. We are able to manufacture uniform and layered composites of nickel matrices embedded with alumina nanoparticles using electrodeposition. In this method a rotating disk electrode (RDE) is used to directly control the rate of particle incorporation. Uniform composites are made by holding a constant RDE rotation rate while layered composites are manufactured by periodically varying the rotation rate during deposition. We have demonstrated this novel manufacturing process for large-scale samples, several square centimeters in area and hundreds of microns thick, while maintaining submicron microstructural resolution. © 2014 materials Research Society.

关键词： Composite materials

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