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STLE/ASME International Joint Tribology Conference, IJTC 2006

作者： Krzanowski, James E. Zimmerman, John H. Mechanical Engineering Dept. Materials Science Program University of New Hampshire Durham NH 03824 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0791837890

The fabrication of nanocomposite coatings consisting of a hard matrix and solid lubricant islands holds promise developing highly wear resistant coatings with low friction coefficients. We have conducted research on methods for creating hard coating layers with a pattern of holes that can act as reservoirs for solid lubricant phases. The requirements for this method include low cost and the ability to create holes with nearly 1:1 aspect ratios. We first investigated methods to disperse polymer or ceramic microspheres on the substrate, followed by deposition of hard coatings (typically 1-3 microns thick) and then removal of the microspheres. This method resulted in a random distribution of 3 micron holes in the coating, and also permitted deposition of the hard coatings at elevated temperatures. The second part of this study investigated the behavior of a solid lubricant (molybdenum disulphide) when deposited on the surface in thin-film form and a powder (graphite) in liquid suspension form. The effectiveness of the patterned hole structure will be discussed in terms of the ability to reduce friction and wear. Copyright © 2006 by ASME.

关键词： Coatings

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Abstracts for the 6th Congress of Asian Sleep Research Society

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Sleep and Biological Rhythms 2009年第4期7卷 A1-A49页

作者： Seog Ju Kim In Kyoon Lyoo Yu-Jin Lee Do-Un Jeong Hirohiko Kanai Masanori Ookubo Atsushi Yoshimura Masako Okawa Noto Yamada Takeshi Munezawa Yoshitaka Kaneita Yoneatsu Osaki Hideyuki Kanda Tadahiro Ohtsu Masumi Minowa Kenji Suzuki Susumu Hijuchi Hiroyuki Suzuki Takashi Ohida Takashi Abe Yoko Komada Shoichi Asaoka Yuichi Inoue Jin-Seong Lee Sang-Yong Cho Deependra Kumar Hruda N. Mallick Velayudhan M. Kumar Mahesh K. Kaushik Akihiro Karashima Noiihiro Katayama Mitsuyuki Nakao Ravindra P. Nagendra Sathiamma Sulekha Sathyaprabha T. Narasappa Pradhan Nityanadan Bindu M. Kutty M. Nirmala P. N. Ravindra Basavaraj Ramappa Tubaki T. N. Sathyaprabha D. Sudhakar G. S. Lavekar C. R. Chandrashekar Kazuyoshi Kitaoka Mika Shimizu Sachiko Chikahisa Kazuo Yoshizaki Hiroyoshi Sei Jong-Won Kim Misa Takegami Shin Yamazaki Yasuaki Hayashino Rei Ono Koji Otani Miho Sekiguchi Shinichi Konno Shunichi Fukuhara Antonia J. Jakobson Paul Fitzgerald Russell Conduit Xin Shirley Li Siu Ping Joyce Lam Wai Man Mandy Yu Yun Kwok Wing Kazue Okamoto-Mizuno Koh Mizuno Mituaki Yamamoto Shuichiro Shirakawa Hirokazu Doi Mikako Kato Kazuyuki Shinohara Masako Tamaki Shiori Matsuda Katsuo Yamazaki Tadao Hori Keiko Ogawa Kazumi Takahashi Kunio Kitahama Katuo Yamazaki Yoshimasa Koyama Kohei Shioda Yugo Ueda Yukiko Nakamura Clara Inoue Kazushige Goto Sunao Uchida Yuko Morita Yoshiko Honda Tohru Kodama Mari Hagihara Toru Nakajima Masato Saito Yoshihiko Koga Shinichiro Tanaka Hiroshi Yamadera Madoka Takahara Sachiko Suwa Minoru Onozuka Sadao Sato Fumiharu Togo Taiki Komatsu Takeshi Mitani Jongbae Choi Bin Zhang Taeko Sasai Hiromi Mitsubayashi Mitsuhiro Ohtsu Isao Hasegawa Tatsuya Ishii Akira Komori Asami Suzuki Yue Nakahara Mitsuyasu Hiroki Mariko Nakauma Nobuo Someya Tomomasa Ochiai Shouhei Komori Rayleigh Ping-Ying Chiang Zai-Ting Yeh Seong T. Kim Seung H. Yoon Jeong S. Kwon Jong H. Choi Hyung J. Ahn Youngsoo Kim Bolortuya Yunren Lichao Chen Radhika Basheer Robert W. Mccarley Robert E. Strecker Makoto Honda Tetsuaki Arai Miyuki Fukazawa Yutaka Honda Kuniaki T Department of Psychiatry Gachon University of Medicine and Science Incheon Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Neuropsychiatry Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Seoul National University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry Shiga University of Medical Science Otsu Japan Division of Public Health Department of Social Medicine Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Department of Public Health Nihon University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Division of Environmental and Preventive Medicine Department of Social Medicine Faculty of Medicine Tottori University Yonago Japan Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine Fukushima Medical University Fukushima Japan Department of Public Health Showa University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan Faculty of Humanities Seitoku University Matsudo Japan Section on Behavioral Science Division of Clinical Research National Hospital Organization Kurihama Alcoholism Center Yokosuka Japan Department of Otolaryngology Second Hospital Fujita Health University Nagoya Japan National Hospital Organization Kurihama Alcoholism Center Kanagawa Japan Metropolitan Police Department Criminal Investigation Laboratory Tokyo Japan Japan Somnology Center Neuropsychiatrie Research Institute Tokyo Japan Department of Somnology Tokyo Medical University Tokyo Japan Japan Somnology Center Neuropsychiatric Research Institute Tokyo Japan Department of Somnology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Seoul National University College of Medicine Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science Center for Sleep and Chronobiology Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Physiology Al

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In-situ study of the effect of electromigration on strain evolution and mechanical property change in lead-free solder joints

In-situ study of the effect of electromigration on strain ev...

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IEEE 56th Electronic Components and Technology Conference

作者： Ren, Fei Xu, Luhua Zhang, Xi Nah, Jae-Woong Pang, John H. L. Tu, K.N. Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering UCLA Los Angeles CA 90095 Dept. of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering NTU Singapore Singapore

ISBN: (纸本)1424401526

We report a localized mechanical property study by using the nano-indentation continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) technology on Pb-free solder joints with and without electromigration. The tensile test structure of a solder ball connected by two Cu wires of 300um diameters was prepared and tested. At 100°C, the applied current density was from 0 A/cm2 to 5×103 A/cm2 and the time from 3 to 144 hrs. An array of 500 nm indentations was created by the nano-indenter from the cathode area, across the bulk of the solder, to the anode area. The change of Young's modulus and the hardness at the cathode and the anode was calculated from the CSM. The results show that, the Young's modulus and the hardness of the anode were higher than the original values. And it increases with increasing electromigration time or higher current density. On the other hand, the Young's modulus and hardness at the cathode were lower than the original values and they decrease with increasing electromigration time or higher current density. Therefore, there is a change of mechanical properties at the cathode and the anode of the lead-free solder joints due to electromigration. Furthermore, an in-situ Micro-DISC technology, digital image speckle correlation technology, was used to study the strain evolution at the lead-free solder joints during electromigration. It is found that, during electromigration, with the atoms moving from the cathode to the anode, a tensile strain was created at the cathode region;while a compressive strain was observed at the anode region. And the strain difference between the cathode and anode kept increasing with the time of electromigration. The localized mechanical property change in the lead-free solder joints due to electromigration will be discussed. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： Electromigration

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Investigation on high dept. of cut of ultra-smoothness grinding of a glass by means of newly developed grinding method 6

Investigation on high depth of cut of ultra-smoothness grind...

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6th International Conference European Society for Precision engineering and Nanotechnology, EUSPEN 2006

作者： Yasui, H. Yamamoto, Y. Miyamoto, K. Furuya, S. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Kumamoto University Japan Graduate School of Kumamoto University Japan

ISBN: (纸本)0955308208

Glass is one of the most important materials for the ultra-precision component. The high productive ultra-smoothness grinding technique of glass has been strongly required. From the point of this view, in the research, high dept. of cut of grinding of a glass by means of the newly developed ultra-smoothness grinding method is examined. The dept. of cut ranges from 5 μm to 1 mm. In the ultra-smoothness grinding method, it is found possible to finish the glass to near the ultra-smoothness surface at the dept. of cut of 30 μm using metal bonded diamond wheel of coarse grain size of #140. The surface roughness of glass formed at the dept. of cut of 30 μm attains about 50 nm(Rz) or 5 nm(Ra).

关键词： Glass

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Tribological Properties of Sputter-Deposited MoS 2 Films Containing Titanium

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2006年第1期890卷 1-6页

作者： E. Krzanowski James Dyumani Nunna Mechanical Engineering Dept. and Materials Science Program University of New Hampshire Durham USA

The tribological properties of sputter-deposited MoS2 and MoS2-Ti films were investigated in this study. The deposited films were characterized using microprobe analysis for composition and x-ray diffraction (XRD) for structure. The frictional properties of the films were examined using a pin-on-disk (POD) with counterfaces of 440C steel, aluminum, tungsten carbide and alumina. The tests were run under low (25%), medium (50%) and high (70%) humidity levels. MoS2 films without Ti were first examined under cyclic humidity conditions between 25 and 50% R/H. The results showed that for steel, WC and alumina counterfaces, the effect of the higher humidity was to increase the friction, but lower friction could be recovered when the humidity was reduced back to 25%. For films containing Ti, the best results were obtained at a concentration of 20 at. % Ti. These films performed well for steel and WC counterfaces, but poorly against aluminum. The effect of deposition temperature (up to 450oC) was examined for MoS2 and MoS2-5% Ti films. Higher temperatures yielded more crystalline films, but the addition of Ti partially countered this effect. The POD test showed that at medium humidity levels the friction decreased with temperature, but increased slightly when tested under low humidity. In all cases, the 5% Ti-containing films had a fiction coefficient of about 0.1 below that for films without Ti.

关键词： lubricant sputtering x-ray diffraction (XRD)

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Influence of processing parameters on microstructure of pulsed laser deposited Au thin films

Influence of processing parameters on microstructure of puls...

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2006 MRS Fall Meeting

作者： Kulovits, Andreas Leonard, John Wiezorek, Jorg Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh 848 Benedum Hall Pittsburgh PA 15261 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781604234282

It has long been recognized that thin film polycrystalline microstructures are determined by the thermodynamics and kinetics associated with physical vapor deposition, but it is quite process dependent and not easily quantified. We have examined the microstructure in polycrystalline Au films obtained by pulse laser deposition (PLD) under various conditions and interpret the results in terms of three fundamental parameters common to all physical vapor deposition: Flux kinetic energy, substrate temperature, and deposition rate. With this model, it is predicted that nanocrystalline films are formed in the limits of low temperature, flux, and high deposition rate. The deposited films are analyzed with X-ray diffraction and SEM to determine texture and grain morphology, which are found to fit well within in the process maps. © 2007 materials Research Society.

关键词： Thin films

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Modeling of interdigital capacitive strain gauges fabricated using direct write technology

Modeling of interdigital capacitive strain gauges fabricated...

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9th AIAA/ASME Joint Thermophysics and Heat Transfer Conference Proceedings

作者： Li, Jinggao Longtin, Jon P. Gouldstone, Andrew Sampath, Sanjay State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794-2300 Center for Thermal Spray Research at Stony Brook State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook NY 11794-2275 Dept. of Mechanical Engineering 101 Old Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering 159 Light Engineering Dept. of Materials Science 104B Heavy Engineering Dept. of Materials Science 104A Heavy Engineering

ISBN: (纸本)1563478153

In this work, an analytical model is developed for an interdigital capacitive strain gauge fabricated using direct-write thermal spray and/or ultrafast laser micromachining direct write technologies. The model is adapted from the electrical engineering literature for inter-digitated capacitors and expanded to include the effects of strain, i.e., dimensional change, on the gauge. Model results are compared to several interdigital capacitive strain gauges with reasonable agreement between the measured and predicted values of nominal capacitance and gauge factor. The model represents a powerful tool for the design and optimization of direct-write capacitive strain gauges on engineering components.

关键词： Strain gages

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UFG to NC FePd by Combined Reaction Transformation Mode of Severely Plastically Deformed Disordered FePd

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MRS Online Proceedings Library 2006年第1期980卷 18-23页

作者： Sokalski, Vincent Kulovits, Andreas Wiezorek, Jorg Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh USA

Numerous studies have shown that equiaxed ultra fine grained FePd alloys can be produced by phase transformation of heavily deformed austenitic FePd via the combined reaction mode. As the magnetic properties can be improved by suppressing development of the polytwinned micro-constituent formed by the conventional ordering mode, it appears reasonable to speculate that further grain refinement might lead to further property enhancement. In order to reduce the grain size in bulk intermetallic alloys severely plastically deformed austenitic FePd has been phase transformed in this study. Equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) has been used to deform disordered FePd. The microstructure and property evolution during the deformation process and post-deformation annealing have been studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and hardness and magnetization curve measurements. The observations are compared to known results from use of other deformation processing routes, such as cold rolling.

关键词： cold working microstructure phase transformation

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The role of nanotubes in melt-processed, single-walled nanotube reinforced titanium metal matrix composites

The role of nanotubes in melt-processed, single-walled nanot...

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38th SAMPE Fall Technical Conference: Global Advances in materials and Process engineering

作者： Wilson, K. Bayazitoglu, Y. Barrera, E.V. Rice University Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Dept. MS 321 6100 Main St. Houston TX 77251-1892 United States

ISBN: (纸本)0938994727

The role of nanotubes in metal matrix composites (MMCs) is studied via Single-Walled Nanotube (SWNT) dispersions in titanium (Ti). SWNT reinforced Ti MMCs were produced by powder metallurgy and induction heating methods to achieve melt processing. Nanotubes were electrolessly plated with a nickel coating and dispersed in a Ti powder by ball milling. Composite preforms were fully melted in an argon environment. Scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy observations and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to observe the nanotubes and to assess their role in microstructural evolution and mechanical property development. Mechanisms for stabilizing nanotubes in metals to high temperatures are proposed and the role nanotubes play in mechanical enhancement are identified. Our studies show that stable nanotubes in Ti can lead to over 100% increase in hardness with small amounts of nanotubes added. This research shows the promise of nanotube additions to metal alloy and MMCs for several material property enhancements.

关键词： Metallic matrix composites

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Tribo-chemical modeling of copper CMP

Tribo-chemical modeling of copper CMP

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23rd International VLSI Multilevel Interconnection Conference, VMIC 2006

作者： Tripathi, Shantanu Doyle, Fiona Dornfeld, David Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Univ. of California Berkeley United States Etcheverry Hall Univ. of California Berkeley 94720-1740 United States Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Univ. of California Berkeley United States

We are developing an integrated tribo-chemical model of copper CMP that considers abrasive and pad properties, process parameters (speed, pressure etc.), and slurry chemistry to predict material removal rates. In this paper, the framework of the model is explained, and two important constituents of the model are presented: transient passivation behavior and characteristics of mechanical interactions.

关键词： Copper

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