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IEEE International Conference on Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON)

作者： Sunday A. Afolalu Adedotun O. Adetunla Adeolu A. Adediran Temitayo S. Ogedengbe Omolayo M. Ikumapayi Folake T. Ojo Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Mechanical Science University of Johannesburg South Africa Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg South Africa Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Federal University of Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Nile University of Abuja Nigeria Dept. of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Department of Nursing Ekiti State University Ado Nigeria

ISBN: (数字)9798331542559

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542566

The ever-growing energy demand can no longer be met by the quickly depleting fossil fuels. Furthermore, they are held accountable for the release of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which contributes to global warming. However, if they are not adequately managed, organic wastes like kitchen waste (KW) pose a serious threat to environmental degradation. Consequently, KW and PM anaerobic co-digestion may be a sustainable method of generating biogas, a clean, renewable energy source, with the least amount of negative environmental effects. This study reviewed anaerobic digestion, biogas production and properties. Food waste composition and its role in anaerobic digestion has also been discussed.

关键词： Food waste Renewable energy sources Humanities Reviews Water heating Production Biogas Global warming Waste heat Greenhouse gases

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Nanotechnology in food processing - an overview

Nanotechnology in food processing - an overview

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IEEE International Conference on Emerging & Sustainable Technologies for Power & ICT in a Developing Society (NIGERCON)

作者： Sunday A. Afolalu Adedotun O. Adetunla Adeolu A. Adediran Temitayo S. Ogedengbe Omolayo M. Ikumapayi Oluwatoyin O. Akinyemi Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti Nigeria Department of Mechanical Science University of Johannesburg South Africa Department of Mechanical Engineering Science University of Johannesburg Johannesburg South Africa Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Federal University of Oye-Ekiti Nigeria Mechanical Engineering Department Nile University of Abuja Nigeria Dept. of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Afe Babalola University Ado Ekiti Nigeria Faculty of Nursing Science Afe Babalola University Ado Nigeria

ISBN: (数字)9798331542559

ISBN: (纸本)9798331542566

The growing environmental concerns about mass manufacturing and improper elimination of recyclable materials for food packaging have resulted in an urgent demand for sustainable alternatives. Nanotechnology is seen as an essential innovation for the future. As a result, numerous governments have spent billions of dollars on the future. With escalating water and land contamination caused by plastics in many nations, biodegradable food packaging is a viable alternative to plastic packaging since it is both ecologically beneficial and relatively inexpensive to create. This study examines the use of nanotechnology in food packaging, quality monitoring, and food safety. Basically, adopting the conclusions of this research would considerably improve mankind's overall well-being by ensuring an environmentally friendly future and assisting with healthier food production.

关键词： Technological innovation Humanities Water conservation Food packaging Water pollution Plastic packaging Manufacturing Plastics Nanotechnology Monitoring

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Impact of Multi-Pass Friction Stir Alloying on the Characterization of Mg Based Bio-Ceramic Nano Composites

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： El-Sayed, Mostafa M. Shash, Ahmed Y. El-Danaf, Ehab A. Abd-Rabou, Mahmoud ElSherbiny, Mahmoud G. Manufacturing and Production Engineering Dept. Modern Academy for Engineering and Technology Cairo Egypt Mechanical Design and Production Engineering Dept. Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Giza12316 Egypt Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science German University in Cairo Cairo Egypt Zewail City of Science and Technology Giza Egypt

Multi-pass friction stir alloying is performed to incorporate bio-ceramic Nano-powders with MB3 magnesium alloy. The reinforcement bio-ceramic particles were hydroxyapatite (HA), tri-calcium phosphate (TCP) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3) Nano powders. The results revealed that the increased number of FSP passes caused a refinement in the grain structure, resulting in increasing average microhardness values in the stirred zone. Furthermore, the bio-ceramic type did not have a significant effect on the grains structure regardless the number of FSP passes. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results showed higher radius capacitive loop of the 4-pass manufactured composites and the best corrosion behavior was achieved at the 4-pass Mg-HA composite. Moreover, the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) results showed lower current density and the corrosion rates compared to the BM were reduced with about 68% and 64% for 4 passes Mg-HA and 2 pass Mg-HA respectively. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

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Subtractive processing of thick silicon nitride waveguide resonators: a comparison of soft and hard etch templates 25

Subtractive processing of thick silicon nitride waveguide re...

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Laser Resonators, Microresonators, and Beam Control XXV 2023

作者： Colacion, Gabriel M. Rukh, Lala Stone, Brandon Drake, Tara E. Optical Science & Engineering Program Center for High Technology Materials University of New Mexico 1313 Goddard SE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States Dept. of Physics & Astronomy University of New Mexico 210 Yale Blvd NE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781510659193

Chip-based photonic microresonators are attractive for a multitude of applications owing to their small form factors and compatibility with photonic integration and standard CMOS fabrication. Within the last decade, the ring resonator geometry has gained widespread adoption in the application of optical frequency comb generation. However, these devices often require waveguides several hundreds of nanometers thick, posing a challenge for subtractive fabrication processes where the desired pattern must be chemically etched with the use of a protective "mask" pattern. Here, we demonstrate two procedures for subtractive processing of thick SiN waveguides based on both a polymer-based "soft" photoresist mask and a chromium metallic "hard" mask as etch templates. Optical characterization of our devices fabricated with both soft mask and hard mask techniques demonstrate quality factors of 320k ± 100k and 500k ± 180k., respectively. Furthermore, this work details two reliable pathways for achieving high quality optical microring resonators and illustrates the benefits and drawbacks of these two techniques. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Silicon nitride

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Production of Reduced Iron from Mill Scale Waste Using Tilting Rotary Furnace

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： El-Shiekh, Hazem El-Fawakhry, Mohamed K. Mitwally, Mohamed E. Shash, Ahmed Y. Faculty of Engineering and Materials Science German University in Cairo Cairo Egypt Cairo Egypt Mechanical Design and Production Dept. Faculty of Engineering Cairo University Cairo Egypt

The production of steel in steel mills generates undesired scales of oxidized iron on the surface of the hot steel. Although several attempts have been made to transform mill scale into valuable products, the low porosity of the oxides and the presence of oil contamination have been the main limitations in pelletizing the scales. In our recent research, we were able to produce reduced iron in the form of spheres with a 93% metallization degree using only mill scale as a source of iron without the need for any agglomeration or cleaning steps. The main equipment used in the production process was a tilting rotary furnace. We also examined the relationship between fuel consumption and the metallization degree of the reduced iron, as well as the effect of furnace RPM on the cross-sectional diameter of the produced spheres. By adjusting the process parameters, we were able to produce spheroidal iron with a cross-sectional diameter ranging from 10 mm to 400 mm. This high-quality reduced iron can be directly used as a replacement for DRI or scrap in traditional steel production methods. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Steelmaking

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Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of customised 3D-printed bone scaffolds with different architectures

Computational Fluid Dynamic Analysis of customised 3D-printe...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Ourania Ntousi Maria Roumpi Panagiotis Siogkas Despoina Deligianni Dimitrios I. Fotiadis Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems University of Ioannina Ioannina Greece Dept. of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics Laboratory of Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering University of Patras Rion Greece Biomedical Research Institute – Forth

Through the recent years, tissue engineering has been proven as a solid substitute of autografts in the stimulation of bone tissue regeneration, through the development of three dimensional (3D) porous matrices, commonly known as scaffolds. In this work, we analysed two scaffold structures with 500μm pore size, by performing computational fluid dynamics simulations, to compare permeability, Wall Shear Stress (WSS), velocity and pressure distributions. Taking into account those parameters the geometry named as "PCL-50" was the best to anticipate showing a superior performance in supporting cell growth due to the improved flow characteristics in the *** Relevance— Bone defects that require invasive surgical treatment with high risks in terms of success and effectiveness. Bone tissue engineering (BTE) in combination with the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis tools aim to assist in designing optimal scaffolds that better promote bone growth and repair. The fluid dynamic characteristics of a porous scaffold plays a vital role in cell viability and cell growth, affecting the osteogenic performance of the scaffold.

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UV Modification of Non-Woven Filters from Waste Wool Fibers for Treatment of Waters Polluted with Oil Products

UV Modification of Non-Woven Filters from Waste Wool Fibers ...

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Electrical engineering Faculty Conference (BulEF)

作者： Dilyana Gospodinova Mihail Panchev Margarita Neznakomova Dept. of Electrical Apparatus Faculty of Electrical Engineering Technical University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Dept. of Machine Elements and Non-metallic Constructions Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Technical University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria Dept. of Material Science and Technology of Materials Faculty of Industrial Technology Technical University of Sofia Sofia Bulgaria

ISBN: (数字)9798350391671

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391688

The present paper introduces a novel technology aimed at improving the retention rate of nonwoven filter barriers produced using the wet method with short, waste wool fibers and dusts. These filter barriers are specifically designed to treat oil-contaminated wastewater. The study demonstrates that exposing the filter barriers to ultraviolet (UV) radiation with a wavelength of 254 nanometers on one or both sides increases their efficiency. The findings indicate that a treatment time of between 2 and 3 minutes with single-sided UV irradiation is sufficient for the wool-based filter barrier. Additionally, the research suggests that using a three-layer filter structure can enhance the filter barrier's efficiency to 1.26 g/g fibers (0.196 for a single-layer filter structure). The study recommends the implementation of an environmentally friendly and cost-effective process for producing efficient filter barriers from textile waste for water purification purposes. This process involves using UVC irradiation, which is simple to implement and has low associated costs.

关键词： Water Radiation effects Powders Purification Lubricating oils Water pollution Wool Wastewater Petroleum Periodic structures

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Grain boundary metastability controls irradiation resistance in nanocrystalline metals

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： El-Atwani, Osman Barnett, Annie K. Martínez, Enrique Han, Jian Leff, Asher C. Hung, Chang-Yu Nathaniel, James E. He, Sicong Mang, Emily H. Woryk, Larissa M. Hattar, Khalid Uberuaga, Blas P. Srolovitz, David J. Falk, Michael L. Marian, Jaime Taheri, Mitra L. Energy and Environment Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory RichlandWA United States Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering Drexel University PhiladelphiaPA United States Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering University of Pennsylvania PhiladelphiaPA United States Army Research Laboratories AdelphiMD United States Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering Johns Hopkins University BaltimoreMD United States Sandia National Laboratories LivermoreCA United States University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA United States Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National Laboratories AlbuquerqueNM United States Department of Nuclear Engineering University of Tennessee KnoxvilleTN United States Materials Science and Technology Division Los Alamos National Laboratory Los AlamosNM United States Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University ClemsonSC29623 United States Dept.of Mechanical Engineering The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Shenzhen China

Grain boundaries (GBs) in polycrystalline materials are powerful sinks for irradiation defects. While standard theories assume that a GB’s efficiency as a sink is defined solely by its character before irradiation, recent evidence conclusively shows that the irradiation sink efficiency is a highly dynamic property controlled by the intrinsic metastability of GBs under far-from-equilibrium irradiation conditions. In this paper, we reveal that the denuded (i.e., defect-free) zone, typically the signature of a strong sink, can collapse as irradiation damage accumulates. We propose a radiation damage evolution model that captures this behavior based on the emergence of a series of irradiation defect-enabled metastable GB microstate changes that dynamically alter the ability of the GB to absorb further damage. We show that these microstate changes control further defect absorption and give rise to the formation of a defect network that manifests itself as a net Nye-tensor signal detectable via lattice curvature experiments. Experimental and simulation results elucidate outstanding questions on how nanocrystalline materials respond to irradiation extremes. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Grain boundaries

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Efficient Propagation of Uncertainty via Reordering Monte Carlo Samples

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Khatamsaz, Danial Attari, Vahid Arróyave, Raymundo Allaire, Douglas L. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Texas A&m University College StationTX77843 United States Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering Texas A&m University College StationTX77843 United States

Uncertainty analysis in the outcomes of model predictions is a key element in decision-based material design to establish confidence in the models and evaluate the fidelity of models. Uncertainty Propagation (UP) is a technique to determine model output uncertainties based on the uncertainty in its input variables. The most common and simplest approach to propagate the uncertainty from a model inputs to its outputs is by feeding a large number of samples to the model, known as Monte Carlo (MC) simulation which requires exhaustive sampling from the input variable distributions. However, MC simulations are impractical when models are computationally expensive. In this work, we investigate the hypothesis that while all samples are useful on average, some samples must be more useful than others. Thus, reordering MC samples and propagating more useful samples can lead to enhanced convergence in statistics of interest earlier and thus, reducing the computational burden of UP process. Here, we introduce a methodology to adaptively reorder MC samples and show how it results in reduction of computational expense of UP processes. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Uncertainty analysis

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Tuning of Carrier Envelope Offset Frequency in Octave-Spanning Si3N4 Microcomb

Tuning of Carrier Envelope Offset Frequency in Octave-Spanni...

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2024 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO 2024

作者： Chin, Hsiao Hsuan Melton, Tristan Aldhafeeri, Alwaleed Rukh, Lala Colación, Gabriel M. Chen, Yujie Cheng, Xiang Chang, Kai-Chi Drake, Tara E. Wong, Chee Wei Mesoscopic Optics and Quantum Electronics Laboratory University of California Los AngelesCA90095 United States Optical Science & Engineering Program Center for High Technology Materials University of New Mexico 1313 Goddard SE AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University of New Mexico AlbuquerqueNM87106 United States

We demonstrate the tuning of carrier envelope offset frequency in chip-scale micro-resonator and the effects on the spectrum, providing a pathway to f-2f stabilization. CLEO 2024 © Optica Publishing Group 2024 &#... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171395

关键词： Laser tuning

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