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5th International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication, ICOSEC 2024

作者： Mishra, Shivani Yadav, Chavali Sai Sreeram Raju, Akansha Balasundaram, A. Shaik, Ayesha Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Center for Cyber Physical Systems Chennai India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331504403

Rice, a major stape food, is crucial for both sustenance and the living of millions of farmers. Detecting rice leaf diseases is vital to prevent widespread crop losses, safeguarding farmers' incomes and global food supply. While current detection systems face accuracy and robustness challenges, deep learning models, particularly the EfficientNetB0, show promise. Despite their sensitivity to noise and variations in leaf appearance, ongoing research addresses these issues. This study introduces the use of EfficientNetB0 for accurate classification, incorporating a fine-tuning strategy in a brief five-epoch training period. This approach optimally balances model adaptation and prevents overfitting, leveraging the deep neural network's ability to capture complex hierarchical features. The limited fine-tuning duration addresses potential risks while maximizing the model's robust features. This unique amalgamation of advanced architecture and tailored training strategy aims to achieve efficient and accurate disease classification. The research signifies a step toward revolutionizing rice disease detection, emphasizing the importance of striking a balance between cutting-edge methodologies and practical considerations in the pursuit of agricultural sustainability. Before Fine Tuning the Training Accuracy was 98.46%, Validation Accuracy was 99.15% and Test Accuracy was 98.44%.After Fine Tuning there was a significant increase in the accuracy. The Training Accuracy came to be 99.77%, Validation Accuracy is 99.43% and Test Accuracy: 99.12% © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Plant diseases

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Human Activity Recognition in Free Living Using a Wearable Sensor: A Two-Stage Approach 12

Human Activity Recognition in Free Living Using a Wearable S...

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12th International Conference on Awareness Science and Technology, iCAST 2023

作者： Li, Tianhui Zhou, Xue Kokubun, Kota Chen, Wenxi Division of Information System The University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu Japan Dept. of Computer and Information Systems The University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu Japan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324693

A novel two-stage approach for human activity recognition (HAR) using a wearable sensor is proposed in this study. The goal is to achieve both coarse-level and fine-level recognition of activities. The study focuses on five common activities: desk-working, driving, walking, downstairs, and upstairs. Three-axis acceleration signals were collected using a wrist-worn accelerometer sensor, and the activities were annotated during the participant’s daily routines. The acceleration data were preprocessed through segmentation, feature extraction, and normalization. In the first s tage, a t raditional m achine learning model (decision tree) was used for coarse-level classification, distinguishing between activities with exercise and without exercise. In the second stage, deep learning models were employed for fine-level classification to recognize specific activities within the coarse classes. The performance of the models was evaluated using accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. T he p roposed approach showed promising results with accuracies of 93.53%, 93.52%, 85.70%, 98.11%, and 85.91% respectively for desk-working, driving, walking, downstairs, and upstairs, demonstrating the effectiveness of the two-stage strategy for HAR. The proposed two-stage approach outperforms the one-stage method (decision tree classifier a nd d eep l earning m odel), p articularly i n imbalanced data, achieving a graceful equilibrium between sensitivity and specificity. T he s tudy h ighlights t he i mportance o f considering the complexity and variability of daily activities for accurate classification a nd r esource optimization. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Wearable sensors

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Towards the Utilization of Parallel Programming to Speed Up RAM Forensics 10

Towards the Utilization of Parallel Programming to Speed Up ...

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10th International Conference on software Defined systems, SDS 2023

作者： Al-Sharif, Ziad A. Alhamouri, Rahaf Jararweh, Yaser Lewis University Dept. of Engineering Computing and Mathematical Sciences Romeoville United States Jordan University of Sci. and Tech. Dept. of Software Engineering Irbid Jordan Jordan University of Sci. and Tech. Dept. of Computer Science Irbid Jordan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350382235

Memory forensics uses volatile digital artifacts as evidence about criminal activities. Analyzing captured memory dumps for volatile data requires time and effort. This paper studies the utilization of parallel programming to speed up RAM forensics. It presents a performance-based evaluation of parallel programming in the domain of memory forensics and compares sequential and parallel approaches to speed up the memory analysis process. First, it evaluates the sequential approach and uses it as a base case for further parallel approaches. Second, it evaluates two of the parallel approaches that can be performed on a typical user machine. Our experiments evaluate the use of two parallel programming paradigms: the in-process parallelization approach using OpenMP, and the inter-process parallelization approach using MPI. Our results compare the performance of the sequential approach, OpenMP thread-based approach, and MPI process-based approach. Experimentations compare the performance of three scenarios using six files of different sizes and various numbers of threads and/or processes. The results show that the use of MPI is slightly better than OpenMP approaches on the use of 2 and 4 processes/threads. However, when the number of processors/threads is increased to 8 and 16, OpenMP slightly outperforms the MPI approach. Additionally, the parallelization approach using OpenMP and MPI provides 3X to 5X speed up over the traditional sequential approach. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that this speed-up is achieved on traditional user machines without the use of HPC computers. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Parallel programming

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Evaluation of Meteorological Factors’ Effect on Daily Heart Rate Variability Over Five Years 12

Evaluation of Meteorological Factors’ Effect on Daily Heart...

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12th International Conference on Awareness Science and Technology, iCAST 2023

作者： Kokubun, Kota Li, Tianhui Chen, Wenxi Dept. of Computer and Information Systems The University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu Japan Division of Information System The University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu Japan Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering The University of Aizu Aizu-Wakamatsu Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350324693

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of meteorological factors on heart rate variability (HRV) derived from daily electrocardiogram (ECG) data. Daily meteorological data were obtained from the Japan Meteorological Agency’s database. Daily ECG data were measured while bathing for five y ears. T he s ubject w as a h ealthy m ale i n h is fi fties. After collecting ECG data, R-R intervals were calculated to perform HRV analysis in time domain and frequency domain. The evaluation of link between meteorological factors and HRV parameters was realized by utilizing meteorological factors’ importance calculated by Random Forest, and Steel-Dwass significant difference analysis of the values. Additionally, the evaluation was also performed by analyzing the obtained meteorological factors’ importance values using Granger Causality test. In Steel-Dwass test, several significant d ifferences (p © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Electrocardiograms

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EHR based Prediction and Diet Recommender For Diabetes using Blockchain 3

EHR based Prediction and Diet Recommender For Diabetes using...

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3rd International Conference on Smart Technologies and systems for Next Generation Computing, ICSTSN 2024

作者： Poonguzhali, N. Amarabalan, N. Jawaharlal Nehru University School of Computer and Systems Sciences New Delhi India Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Puducherry India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391565

Diabetes is an illness which is triggered due to high blood sugar levels. Ignoring diabetes is undesirable since the condition can have adverse impacts on the heart, kidneys, cholesterol levels, eyes, and almost all other organs. Diabetes will be easier to manage the earlier it is detected. To do this, researchers use a variety of machine learning techniques to more accurately forecast the onset of early diabetes in human bodies or in its patients. By constructing models using datasets that are available, machine learning techniques produce more accurate predictions. In the proposed work, Random Forest Algorithm is used to predict diabetes, as this technique outperforms in terms of accuracy. Individuals with diabetes, maintaining an appropriate diet is crucial. The majority of them aim to assist users in managing their blood sugar levels. A person's weekly meal preparation habits can be attributed to a myriad of intersecting elements, such as taste, healthfulness, financial constraints, personal preferences, and lifestyle. An individual might experience it difficult to choose what to eat. To assist with the management of diabetes, the proposed system advises using a customized meal planning strategy. The diet plan suggested in the system is based on decision tree technique which is diabetic-friendly that is also socially, economically, and culturally acceptable and that can satisfy all nutritional needs while being mindful of calories. Following the prediction of diabetes and the suggestion of a diet plan, the patient's medical information is stored in the EHR for convenient access. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Web Accessibility of the Cyprus Island Food Retailers' Websites 5

Web Accessibility of the Cyprus Island Food Retailers' Websi...

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5th International Congress on Human-computer Interaction, Optimization and Robotic Applications, HORA 2023

作者： Iseri, Erkut Inan Uyar, Kaan Ilhan, Umit Near East University Dept. of Physics TRNC Mersin 10 Nicosia Turkey Near East University Dept. of Software Engineering TRNC Mersin 10 Nicosia Turkey Near East University Dept. of Computer Engineering TRNC Mersin 10 Nicosia Turkey

ISBN: (纸本)9798350337525

Accessibility is the process of making information and electronic communication environments meaningful and usable for most people including those with disabilities. It is not always an easy task to provide all user communities with different areas of interests and needs with exact styles and contents. It is a good practice to employ responsible designs and a certain degree of interaction that provide equitable conditions to suit the needs of the most user communities. It became evident that in the passed two years the world went thru a terrifying Coronavirus disease which made the accessibility of web sites of retailers even more challenging. Most of the food supplying companies introduced shop-to door deliveries of food products with web based applications. Although, technically speaking, these web sites accomplished the task for most of the people but with some accessibility issues. These issues can be identified and solved by following the international standards to gain world wide acceptance. This study covers the investigation of the accessibility of the Food Retailers' websites in the whole of Cyprus Island. Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 (WCAG 2.1) published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is followed in the process. Three testing software are used to determine the degree of compliance of the food retailers with the WCAG 2.1 in Cyprus Island. The aim of this study is to raise awareness about web accessibility among general public. The findings are not so promising and the sites examined are not in compliance with the standard of the guidelines defined in WCAG. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Websites

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Detection of Compromised Functions in a Serverless Cloud Environment

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Lavi, Danielle Brodt, Oleg Mimran, Dudu Elovici, Yuval Shabtai, Asaf Dept. of Software and Information Systems Engineering Ben-Gurion University of the Negev

Serverless computing is an emerging cloud paradigm with serverless functions at its core. While serverless environments enable software developers to focus on developing applications without the need to actively manage the underlying runtime infrastructure, they open the door to a wide variety of security threats that can be challenging to mitigate with existing methods. Existing security solutions do not apply to all serverless architectures, since they require significant modifications to the serverless infrastructure or rely on third-party services for the collection of more detailed data. In this paper, we present an extendable serverless security threat detection model that leverages cloud providers’ native monitoring tools to detect anomalous behavior in serverless applications. Our model aims to detect compromised serverless functions by identifying post-exploitation abnormal behavior related to different types of attacks on serverless functions, and therefore, it is a last line of defense. Our approach is not tied to any specific serverless application, is agnostic to the type of threats, and is adaptable through model adjustments. To evaluate our model’s performance, we developed a serverless cybersecurity testbed in an AWS cloud environment, which includes two different serverless applications and simulates a variety of attack scenarios that cover the main security threats faced by serverless functions. Our evaluation demonstrates our model’s ability to detect all implemented attacks while maintaining a negligible false alarm rate. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Synthetic Data: Revisiting the Privacy-Utility Trade-off

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Sarmin, Fatima Jahan Sarkar, Atiquer Rahman Wang, Yang Mohammed, Noman Dept. of Computer Science University of Manitoba Canada Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering Concordia University Canada

Synthetic data has been considered a better privacy-preserving alternative to traditionally sanitized data across various applications. However, a recent article challenges this notion, stating that synthetic data does not provide a better trade-off between privacy and utility than traditional anonymization techniques, and that it leads to unpredictable utility loss and highly unpredictable privacy gain. The article also claims to have identified a breach in the differential privacy guarantees provided by PATE-GAN and PrivBayes. When a study claims to refute or invalidate prior findings, it is crucial to verify and validate the study. In our work, we analyzed the implementation of the privacy game described in the article and found that it operated in a highly specialized and constrained environment, which limits the applicability of its findings to general cases. Our exploration also revealed that the game did not satisfy a crucial precondition concerning data distributions, which contributed to the perceived violation of the differential privacy guarantees offered by PATE-GAN and PrivBayes. We also conducted a privacy-utility tradeoff analysis in a more general and unconstrained environment. Our experimentation demonstrated that synthetic data indeed achieves a more favorable privacy-utility trade-off compared to the provided implementation of k-anonymization, thereby reaffirming earlier conclusions. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Anonymity

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Benchmarking Convolutional Neural Network Inference on Low-Power Edge Devices 48

Benchmarking Convolutional Neural Network Inference on Low-P...

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48th IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2023

作者： Ferraz, Oscar Araujo, Helder Silva, Vitor Falcao, Gabriel Instituto de Telecomunicações Portugal University of Coimbra Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Portugal Institute of Systems and Robotics Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163277

The massive adoption of IoT devices, the recent developments in the efficiency of AI systems, and the increase of edge computational power, accelerated the deployment of edge AI systems. The implementation of these systems through the use of low-power embedded devices scattered across the edges of a network allows for reduced latency and cost, compared to traditional cloud-based AI computing systems. As a result of the low-complexity AI models and the available low-power embedded systems on the market, this paper provides a comparative study on the inference performance of convolutional neural networks for different edge devices, by exploiting low-power GPUs and dedicated AI hardware. The benchmark results were able to achieve 864 inferences/s for the Jetson AGX Xavier board on a pre-trained SqueezeNet, while reaching a high power efficiency of 52.6 inferences/s per Watt. For the dedicated Movidius neural stick, the system requires only 1.5 W for processing 24.2 inferences/s. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Benchmarking Edge devices GPUs Inference Engine IoT Low-power

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Downlink Secrecy Rate Maximization for IRS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO Networks: Analysis and Deep Learning Design 13

Downlink Secrecy Rate Maximization for IRS-Aided Cell-Free M...

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13th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence, ICTC 2022

作者： Tran, Thong-Nhat An, Beongku Graduate School Hongik University Dept. of Electronics and Computer Engineering Korea Republic of Hongik University Dept. of Software and Communications Engineering Korea Republic of

ISBN: (数字)9781665499392

ISBN: (纸本)9781665499392

In this paper, we study to maximize the downlink secrecy rate for IRS-Aided Cell-Free Massive MIMO (CF-mMIMO) networks. Particularly, firstly, we derive the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at users and the eavesdropper to obtain the downlink achievable secrecy rate of an attacked user. Then, we propose an optimization problem to maximize the downlink achievable secrecy rate of the attacked user. Secondly, we propose a mathematical analysis and deep learning methods to solve the optimization problem. Finally, the simulation results show that the secrecy rate is significantly improved compared to the conventional CF-mMIMO. Moreover, the approximate results of the mathematical analysis and the deep learning method mean that the deep learning method can replace the mathematical analysis method to save computational costs. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization

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