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22nd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics, INDIN 2024

作者： Gambale, Antonio Coleman, Sonya Kerr, Dermot Vance, Philip Kerr, Emmett Fermuller, Cornelia Aloimonos, Yiannis School of Computing Engineering & Intelligent Systems Ulster University Londonderry United Kingdom Dept. of Electronic & Mechanical Engineering Atlantic Technological University Letterkenny Ireland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies University of Maryland United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798331527471

In the fields of manufacturing and robotics, accurately determining the orientation of manufacturing components, such as bolts, is a critical yet challenging problem due to the limitations of existing detection methods. This study introduces a novel methodology for addressing this issue, leveraging traditional computer vision techniques, by proposing a streamlined approach that exploits the inherent geometric properties of bolts for orientation detection. Two methods are presented to ascertain the initial axis angle of the bolt: the Progressive Probabilistic Hough Transform (PPHT) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). These methods are used in conjunction with a novel tip direction detection approach. The results of the study demonstrate consistent accuracy in angle determination, with PPHT and PCA both achieving angular deviations below ±0.5◦ in the simple dataset, and PCA showing enhanced robustness in the dataset degraded by shadows, with a maximum error under ±1.5◦. This research not only reaffirms the viability of fundamental computer vision techniques in modern robotic applications but also sets a precedent for simple, generalisable, and reliable orientation detection solutions. These methods effectively bridge the gap between highly specialised machine learning systems, which often require tailored, complex models and extensive training data, and more universally applicable, straightforward approaches. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Bolts

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Modelling Weave effect in PCBs using 2D cross-sectional analysis

Modelling Weave effect in PCBs using 2D cross-sectional anal...

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2024 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Signal and Power Integrity, EMC+SIPI 2024

作者： Khilkevich, Victor Hinaga, Scott Missouri University of Science and Technology Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility Laboratory RollaMO United States Cisco Systems Inc San JoseCA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350360394

Printed circuit board dielectric substrates are composite materials produced by embedding fiber glass fabrics into epoxy resin. Because of this the medium in the PCB transmission lines is inhomogeneous which often leads to degradation of the signal integrity performance of the lines, particularly due to the differential skew. The detrimental effect of the fiber weave can be modeled relatively accurately using full-wave analysis, but at a high computational cost. Alternative modelling techniques are less demanding, but often lack accuracy. This article investigates a possibility of using the 2D cross-sectional analysis for the fiber weave effect modeling, which considerably decreases the computational cost of modeling while retaining the accuracy inherent to the field solvers. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： System-on-chip

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Embodied AI in Mobile Robots: Coverage Path Planning with Large Language Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kong, Xiangrui Zhang, Wenxiao Hong, Jin Braunl, Thomas Dept. of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth Australia Dept. of Computer Science and Software Engineering The University of Western Australia Perth Australia

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding and solving mathematical problems, leading to advancements in various fields. We propose an LLM-embodied path planning framework for mobile agents, focusing on solving high-level coverage path planning issues and low-level control. Our proposed multilayer architecture uses prompted LLMs in the path planning phase and integrates them with the mobile agents' low-level actuators. To evaluate the performance of various LLMs, we propose a coverage-weighted path planning metric to assess the performance of the embodied models. Our experiments show that the proposed framework improves LLMs' spatial inference abilities. We demonstrate that the proposed multi-layer framework significantly enhances the efficiency and accuracy of these tasks by leveraging the natural language understanding and generative capabilities of LLMs. Our experiments show that this framework can improve LLMs' 2D plane reasoning abilities and complete coverage path planning tasks. We also tested three LLM kernels: gpt-4o, gemini-1.5-flash, and claude- 3.5-sonnet. The experimental results show that claude-3.5 can complete the coverage planning task in different scenarios, and its indicators are better than those of the other models. © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Motion planning

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SELCC: Enhancing MLC Reliability and Endurance with Single-Cell Error Correction Codes

SELCC: Enhancing MLC Reliability and Endurance with Single-C...

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Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference and Exhibition

作者： Yujin Lim Dongwhee Kim Jungrae Kim Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkvunkwan University Dept. of Semiconductor and Display Engineering Sungkvunkwan University Dept. of Semiconductor Systems Engineering Sungkvunkwan University

ISBN: (数字)9783981926385

ISBN: (纸本)9798350348606

Conventional DRAM's limitations in volatility, high static power consumption, and scalability have led to the exploration of alternative technologies such as Phase Change Memory (PCM) and Resistive RAM (ReRAM). Storage-Class Memory (SCM) arises as a target application for these emerging technologies with non-volatility and higher capac-ity through Multi-Level Cells (MLCs). However, MLCs face issues of reliability and reduced endurance. To address this, our paper introduces a novel Error Correction Codes (ECC) method, “Single Eight-Level Cell Correcting” (SELCC) ECC. This technique efficiently corrects single-cell errors in 8- level cell memories using existing ECC syndromes without added redundancy. SELCC enhances memory reliability and improves 8LC memory endurance by 3.2 times, surpassing previous solutions without significant overheads.

关键词： Resistance Phase change materials Power demand Scalability Resistive RAM Redundancy Memory management

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Identifying COVID-19 through X-ray and CT scan images using Machine Learning 18

Identifying COVID-19 through X-ray and CT scan images using ...

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18th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies, ICET 2023

作者： Shehzadi, Maham Arshad, Usama Abideen, Zainul Ali, Raja Hashim Khan, Ammad Aslam Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Basque Country Leioa Spain Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany Virtual University of Pakistan Dept. of Biological Sciences Rawalpindi Pakistan National University of Computer & Emerging Sciences Dept. of Computer Science Islamabad Pakistan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350328172

In the current global scenario, marked by the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become imperative for healthcare systems around the globe to swiftly and accurately diagnose the disease. This is where cutting-edge approaches such as machine learning (ML) come into play, specifically, ML-based identification of COVID-19 from chest X-ray and CT-Scan imagery. Our research collective is devotedly working towards devising a robust, accurate ML model capable of deciphering these images to identify COVID-19 effectively. This involves the application of a variety of AI algorithms and vast data resources. Our work is grounded on a large, annotated image dataset that aids in training and refining the model. Our findings indicate that ML methodologies can discern COVID-19 from chest X-ray and CT scan images with a mean accuracy of 90%. Such a tool holds promise in aiding medical practitioners in prompt and precise patient diagnosis, thereby improving patient prognosis. The most notable contribution of our study lies in the creation of an ML model that can accurately detect COVID-19 in chest X-ray and CT-Scan images, potentially aiding in early disease detection and management. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： COVID-19

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Exploiting Partial Observability and Optimized Simple State Representations in Deep Q-Learning 20

Exploiting Partial Observability and Optimized Simple State ...

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20th International Conference on Frontiers of Information Technology, FIT 2023

作者： Mahmood, Danyaal Arshad, Usama Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Shah, Muhammad Huzaifa Khan, Talha Ali Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Ali, Nisar Siddique, Abu Bakar Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany Applications & Nanostructure BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350395785

The advent of deep Q-learning has opened up new possibilities in training autonomous agents to perform intelligently in intricate settings. This research work examines the potential of deep Q-learning in the paradigmatic Snake game, which requires an agent to navigate a grid, ingest food items, and avoid collisions. We incorporated a partially observable game state, introducing a novel level of difficulty to the task. Our proposed approach utilizes a straightforward feed-forward neural network to estimate Q-values of potential actions, given the current state. The agent progressively learns to balance between exploration and exploitation, allowing it to navigate optimally in the game scenario. Most existing studies in deep Q-learning for the Snake game overlook the complexities posed by partial observability, focusing mainly on fully observable state representations. Furthermore, the majority of the investigations delve into the efficacy of complex neural network architectures, leaving a gap in the understanding of the performance of more simplistic feed-forward networks. Our study fills this gap by offering an in-dept. exploration and analysis of deep Q-learning strategies, especially when applied to partially observable game states and simple neural networks. Simulations and results reveal that adopting simpler state representations can significantly boost the agent's performance in the Snake game. A more detailed and intricate reward function is also observed to enhance the agent's decision-making skills and overall proficiency in the game. These observations underscore the significance of optimizing state representations and reward functions for maximizing the performance of deep Q-learning agents in the Snake game. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous agents

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Enhancing Eye Health Diagnosis through Deep Transfer Learning: Unveiling Insights from Low Quality Fundus Images

Enhancing Eye Health Diagnosis through Deep Transfer Learnin...

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2024 International Conference on System, Computation, Automation and Networking, ICSCAN 2024

作者： Sathishkumar, R. Karthikeyan, T. Kumar, P. Praveen Rengarajan, Chitra Tharagesh, A. Govindarajan, M. Manakula Vinayagar Institute of Technology Dept. of Cse Puducherry India Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College Dept. of Computer Science and Business Systems Puducherry India Sri Manakula Vinayagar Engineering College Dept. of Information Technology Puducherry India Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Centre for Agricultural Nanotechnology Tamil Nadu India Annamalai University Dept. of Cse Tamil Nadu Chidambaram India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510022

Due to the frequency of eye illnesses, effective and precise diagnostic instruments are required. This work suggests an approach that uses low quality fundus images with deep transfer learning more precisely, the EfficientNetB0 architecture to improve eye health diagnosis. We tackle the problem caused by the quality of fundus photographs that are commonly found in clinical settings, which frequently display noise and abnormalities. Our methodology consists of pretraining the EfficientNetB0 model on a sizable dataset of excellent fundus photos, followed by fine-tuning it on a dataset of poor fundus photos. By employing this transfer learning technique, the model enhances its diagnostic capabilities by learning to identify significant features from the low-quality images. We ran tests on a variety of datasets that included fundus photos of varying degrees of deterioration in order to assess our approach. As compared to conventional techniques, the results reveal a significant improvement in diagnostic accuracy, demonstrating the effectiveness of deep transfer learning for improving eye health diagnosis from difficult fundus images. With fused features from MobileNet and DenseNet-121 models, the ANN specifically achieved accuracies of 98.5% for cataracts, 99.1% for diabetic retinopathy, 99% for glaucoma, and 99.5% for normal conditions. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electronic health record

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Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detection models for NSL-KDD data sets

Investigating novel machine learning based intrusion detecti...

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2023 International Conference on IT and Industrial Technologies, ICIT 2023

作者： Shah, Muhammad Huzaifa Abu Bakar, Muhammad Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Arshad, Usama Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Ali, Nisar Imad, Muhammad Nabi, Said Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315974

This study investigates the application of the Mutual Information (MI) feature selection technique to improve the accuracy of Machine Learning (ML) models on NSL-KDD datasets, building upon prior research. Six ML models, namely Decision Tree (DT), Logistic Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with different kernels (1st, 2nd, and 3rd), are implemented for classification purposes. The proposed DT model in this study shows higher accuracy than the DT model proposed in the original paper by Ingre et al. for Intrusion Detection System (IDS). Additionally, a multi-class classification model for NSL-KDD datasets is developed, considering both normalized and non-normalized features. Interestingly, it is observed that the models trained without normalized features achieve higher accuracies compared to those trained with normalized features. Moreover, the study enhances the classification performance of the DT-based IDS using the Correlation based Feature Selection (CFS) technique for feature selection. The proposed IDS is evaluated both before and after feature selection for multi-class classification (normal and various attack types) and binary classification (normal and abnormal data). © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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AMN: Attention-based Multimodal Network for Android Malware Classification

AMN: Attention-based Multimodal Network for Android Malware ...

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IEEE Conference on Cybernetics and Intelligent systems

作者： Yi Yang Huyu Wu Yanzhe Wang Peng Wang Dept. Software Engineering Sichuan University Chengdu China Dept. Computer Science Sichuan University Chengdu China

ISBN: (数字)9798350364194

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364200

With the rapid evolution of malware, android malware classification has become increasingly important and remains an active area of research. Traditional machine learning methods rely heavily on hand-crafted features based on expert domain knowledge, making the feature engineering process time-consuming. In recent years, deep learning-based Android malware classification has attracted considerable attention, inspired by the remarkable success of deep learning techniques in the fields of vision and natural language processing. Deep learning methods replace the manual process of feature engineering with a framework capable of simultaneous feature extraction and classification directly from raw data. However, existing approaches do not fully exploit hybrid and multimodal features, which limits their ability to consider multiple disparate sources of information during classification. In this paper, we present attention-based multimodal network(AMN), a multimodal approach to malware classification based on the attention mechanism. AMN combines two modalities of data: 1) grayscale images generated by malware binary files, and 2) network traffic feature sequences. The model employs a cross-modal attention mechanism that combines the features of both modalities by compensating for their limitations. Furthermore, a transfer learning method is proposed to improve the generalization performance of the model, especially in scenarios with limited sample size. The proposed solution surpasses the state-of-the-art precision, achieving 97.73%, along with a recall of 96.51%, as demonstrated through experiments conducted on the CICInvesAndMal2017 dataset. Additionally, to show the effectiveness of our model, ablation experiments were conducted.

关键词： Deep learning Attention mechanisms Mechatronics Transfer learning Random access memory Telecommunication traffic Feature extraction

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Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algorithm-driven Feature Selection

Prediction of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Using Genetic Algori...

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2023 International Conference on IT and Industrial Technologies, ICIT 2023

作者： Faridoon, Fatima Ali, Raja Hashim Ul Abideen, Zain Shahzadi, Nazia Ijaz, Ali Zeeshan Arshad, Usama Ali, Nisar Imad, Muhammad Nabi, Said Gik Institute of Engg. Sciences & Technology Faculty of Computer Science & Engineering Topi Pakistan University of Europe for Applied Sciences Dept. of Technology & Software Engineering Berlin Germany BCMaterials Basque Center for Materials Applications & Nanostructure Spain University of Regina Faculty of Electronic Systems Engineering Regina Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350315974

PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder frequently found in women of reproductive age having a significant impact on the cause of infertility. It is an endocrine condition characterized by abnormalities in female hormone levels and aberrant synthesis of male hormones. This syndrome causes ovarian malfunction, increasing the risk of miscarriage and infertility. PCOS has a wide range of symptoms, making a diagnosis difficult. In this study, we proposed a feature selection method based on genetic algorithm with logistic regression to increase the accuracy of early diagnosis. A dataset containing the clinical and biochemical characteristics of 109 patients, including 36 with PCOS, is used. The genetic algorithm is used to extract the most important features from the dataset. Then, a logistic regression model is used for classification. The proposed model outperformed the baseline model that used all features, which had an accuracy of 86.2%, and produced a markedly improved accuracy of 95.4%. These results show that the proposed model effectively locates key characteristics for PCOS diagnosis. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Feature Selection

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