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SB-AGT: A stochastic beam search-enhanced attention-based Gumbel tree framework for drug-drug interaction extraction from biomedical literature

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computers in Biology and Medicine 2025年 189卷 110011-110011页

作者： Saad, Eman Kishk, Sherif Ali-Eldin, Amr Saleh, Ahmed I. Communication and Information Technology Center Mansoura University Egypt Electronics and Communication Engineering Dept. Mansoura University Egypt Computer Engineering & Control Systems Dept. Mansoura University Egypt

Drug-Drug Interactions (DDI) and Chemical-Protein Interactions (CPI) detection are crucial for patient safety, as unidentified interactions may lead to severe Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). While extensive DDI and CPI information exists within biomedical literature, manual extraction by experts proves time-intensive and resource-demanding. This study presents SB-AGT: Stochastic Beam Search-enhanced Attention-based Gumbel Tree an innovative approach to automated DDI and CPI extraction through an attention-based architecture incorporating a modified Gumbel-Tree method with stochastic beam search optimization. SB-AGT leverages multi-head attention mechanisms and enhanced latent tree structures to effectively capture complex syntactic features and drug relationship patterns. Also, the methodology includes comprehensive preprocessing protocols and addresses dataset imbalance through hybrid sampling techniques. Experimental validation on the DDIExtraction 2013 and CHEMPROT datasets demonstrates the model's effectiveness, achieving precision, surpassing traditional approaches and showing competitive performance compared to contemporary pre-trained models. Through parametric analysis, we establish optimal beam search configurations that maximize the model's extraction accuracy. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Stochastic models

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Forest Fire Prevention and Detection System

Forest Fire Prevention and Detection System

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Power Electronics, computer Applications (ICPECA), IEEE International Conference on

作者： Lasitha Jayakody Chamathka Edirisinghe Tharush Senasinghe Shaminda Dissanayake Narmada Gamage Dinithi Pandithage Jaliya L. Wijayaraja Dept. of Computer Systems Engineering Sri Lanka Institute of Information Malabe Sri Lanka

ISBN: (数字)9798331533694

ISBN: (纸本)9798331533700

Forest fires pose significant threats to both the environment and human life, necessitating the development of advanced detection and prevention systems. In this study, we propose an integrated IoT (Internet of Things)-based system for early detection and management of forest fires. The system incorporates a range of sensors including heat, gas, and thermal imaging sensors, along with IoT technology for real-time monitoring and communication. Utilizing image processing techniques and (ML) Machine Learning algorithms, the system can accurately detect fires, predict their spreading patterns, and analyze environmental conditions. Key features include the deployment of disposable heat sensors for temperature monitoring, IoT sensors for gas detection and weather monitoring, and a centralized processing node for data analysis. Alerts are sent to nearby authorities and residents, while automated firefighting devices are activated to suppress fires until backup arrives. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system in early detection and prevention of forest fires.

关键词： Temperature sensors Technological innovation Wildfires Prevention and mitigation Forestry Sensor phenomena and characterization Sensor systems Real-time systems Gas detectors Resilience

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Impacts of Earthing Variations on Overvoltage in Meshed Multi-terminal DC Grid

Impacts of Earthing Variations on Overvoltage in Meshed Mult...

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Annual Conference of Industrial Electronics Society

作者： Amir Ar-Rahman Bader Abhisek Ukil Dept. of Engineering Science The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand Dept. of Electrical Computer and Software Engineering The University of Auckland Auckland New Zealand

ISBN: (数字)9781665464543

ISBN: (纸本)9781665464550

This paper investigates the impact of different earthing methods on overvoltage within modular multilevel Voltage Source Converter (MMC VSC) based Direct Current (DC) transmission and distribution grids, particularly in meshed multi-terminal (MTDC) configurations. A bipolar MTDC grid is modelled and simulated in PSCAD/EMTDC to investigate the influence of earthing on midpoint overvoltages. The transient response of the grid under DC fault scenarios is analysed through various case-studies, including solid earthing placement, variations in earthing impedance, and the application of surge arresters. The findings show the critical role of earthing in mitigating overvoltage, with low-resistive earthing options proving to be the most effective trade-off.

关键词： Resistance Industrial electronics Arresters Transient response Grounding Voltage Solids Voltage control Surges Voltage-source converters

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Pulling Figure of Dielectric Resonator for 3D Filament Defectoscopy 34

Pulling Figure of Dielectric Resonator for 3D Filament Defec...

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34th International Scientific Symposium Metrology and Metrology Assurance, MMA 2024

作者： Miroshnyk, Maryna Zaichenko, Olga Miroshnyk, Anatolii Hapon, Nataliia Pakhomov, Yurii Klymenko, Liubov V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Dept. of Theoretical and Applied System Engineering Kharkov Ukraine Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics Dept. of Design and Operation of Electronic Devices Kharkiv Ukraine Kharkiv National University of Radioelectronics Dept. of Design Automation Kharkiv Ukraine O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv Dept. of Computer Science and Information Technologies Kharkiv Ukraine Ukrainian State University of Railway Transport Dept. of Specialized Computer Systems Kharkiv Ukraine

ISBN: (纸本)9798350352832

The research aim is to derive connection between the parameters of dielectric resonators frequency shift and the warp defect of 3D printing filament. Object of investigation are the processes of interaction of electromagnetic wave of a dielectric resonator with filament for 3D printing. The proposed model describes the connection between the frequency shift and defect warp of filament frequency pulling depending on the load. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Q factor measurement

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Noise Aware Utility Optimization of NISQ Devices

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Waring, Jean-Baptiste Pere, Christophe Le Beux, Sébastien Dept. of Electrical & Computer Engineering Concordia University MontréalQC Canada Dept. of Computer Science & Software Engineering INTRIQ Laval University QuébecQC Canada

In order to enter the era of utility, noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices need to enable long-range entanglement of large qubit chains. However, due to the limited connectivity of superconducting NISQ devices, long-range entangling gates are realized in linear dept.. Furthermore, a time-dependent degradation of the average CNOT gate fidelity is observed. Likely due to aging, this phenomenon further degrades entanglement capabilities. Our aim is to help in the current efforts to achieve utility and provide an opportunity to extend the utility lifespan of current devices —albeit by selecting fewer, high quality resources. To achieve this, we provide a method to transform user-provided CNOT and readout error requirements into a compliant partition onto which circuits can be executed. We demonstrate an improvement of up to 52% in fidelity for a random CNOT chain of length 50 qubits and consistent improvements between 11.8% and 47.7% for chains between 10 and 40 in varying in increments of 10, *** Codes 81P68 © 2024, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Quantum entanglement

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Dynamic Adaptation Gain Design and Tuning for Threat Discrimination 63

Dynamic Adaptation Gain Design and Tuning for Threat Discrim...

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63rd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, CDC 2024

作者： Zhang, Kangkang Chen, Kaiwen Polycarpou, Marios M. Parisini, Thomas University of Cyprus Kios Research and Innovation Center of Excellence Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Nicosia1678 Cyprus Imperial College London Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering LondonSW7 2AZ United Kingdom Aalborg University Department of Electronic Systems Denmark University of Trieste Department of Engineering and Architecture Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9798350316339

Considering potential threats to cyber-physical systems such as component faults and stealthy cyber-attacks, an adaptive observer-based threat discrimination method is proposed for identifying the occurring threat type. Typically, stealthy attacks have only weak effects easily obscured by disturbances on the system outputs. To solve this problem, a parameter adaptation algorithm based on a newly designed dynamic adaptive gain generator is proposed, aiming at improving the sensitivity of the adaptive threat discrimination scheme to potential threats. Only the strictly positive real condition of the proposed gain generator sufficiently ensures the stability of the adaptive observer error system. A moment-matching method is then developed to determine the proper parameters of the gain generator, allowing for the improvement of the sensitivity of the threat discriminators. A numerical example to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is presented. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Cyber attacks

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Impact of Rain Attenuation on Short-Range Frequency Operations in 5G Networks

Impact of Rain Attenuation on Short-Range Frequency Operatio...

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International Conference on Microwaves, Radar and Wireless Communications

作者： Sandra Bazebo Matondo Pius Adewale Owolawi Dept. Computer Systems engineering Tshwane University of Technology Pretoria South Africa

ISBN: (数字)9788396972613

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371611

Attenuation caused by rain poses significant challenges for millimeter wave communication systems, especially in regions with heavy rainfall. Accurate attenuation prediction is required to set realistic performance expectations and ensure robust millimeter-wave communications links for 5G networks even in challenging environments. The aim of this work is to model and optimize rain attenuation in terrestrial 5G using evolutionary algorithms. The attenuation is modelled using symbolic regression that takes rain rate, path length, and frequencies between 24.25 GHz and 86 GHz as input. Next, differential evolution is used to determine the optimal parameters that best fit the model. The model is found to predict the attenuation with minimal errors. The proposed model’s performance is evaluated against the ITU-R, Crane, Da Silva and Melo models. The proposed model’s accuracy and performance are further validated based on the obtained MSE, MAE and R-squared values.

关键词： Rain Accuracy Cranes 5G mobile communication Evolutionary computation Predictive models Millimeter wave radar

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Multi-granularity Coal Mine Risk Conceptual Prediction Based on Time-varying Cloud Model

Multi-granularity Coal Mine Risk Conceptual Prediction Based...

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2023 International Conference on Cyber Security, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Economy, CSAIDE 2023

作者： Dai, Jin Hu, Sunling Zhang, Lei Dept. of Software Engineering Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China Dept. of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Computational Intelligence Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications Chongqing China

ISBN: (纸本)9781510666597

The big data of coal mine was characterized by large scale, many influencing factors and weak correlation. The existing big data mining based on quantitative data analysis usually adopts fixed framework processing, which is easy to fall into the dilemma of overfitting and cannot acquire elastic knowledge across layers. From the perspective of coal mine monitoring and management, a multi-granularity time-varying cloud model is proposed based on a multi-granularity semantic transformation model and a grey prediction model to achieve the conceptual prediction of coal mine gas concentration risk. The new model first converts the gas concentration data into semantic concepts using a semantic transformation model, then processes the sequence of semantic concept sets for randomness and oscillation, and builds a grey prediction model for them, which is used to project future semantic concepts. The new model is compared with the existing model, and the experimental results show that the new method can not only predict coal mine risk concepts at different granularities, but also has high prediction accuracy. © 2023 SPIE.

关键词： Coal mines

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Enhancing Train Transportation in Sri Lanka: A Smart IOT based Multi-Subsystem Approach using MQTT

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Balasingham, Dhanushka Samarathunga, Sadeesha Bandara, Anuththara Arachchige, Gayantha Godakanda Gamage, Narmada Wijayaraja, Jaliya L. Dept. of Computer Systems Engineering Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology Sri Lanka

This research proposes a system as a solution for the challenges faced by Sri Lanka’s historic railway system, such as scheduling delays, overcrowding, manual ticketing, and management inefficiencies. It proposes a multi-subsystem approach, incorporating GPS tracking, RFID-based e-ticketing, seat reservation, and vision-based people counting. The GPS-based real-time train tracking system performs accurately within 24 meters, with the MQTT protocol showing twice the speed of the HTTP-based system. All subsystems use the MQTT protocol to enhance efficiency, reliability, and passenger experience. The study’s data and methodology demonstrate the effectiveness of these innovations in improving scheduling, passenger flow, and overall system performance, offering promising solutions for modernizing Sri Lanka’s railway infrastructure. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Global positioning system

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Predicting Lifespan of Ground-to-Air Multipath Components in mmWave UAV Channels

Predicting Lifespan of Ground-to-Air Multipath Components in...

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IEEE Conference on Wireless Communications and Networking

作者： Wahab Khawaja Rune H. Jacobsen Sajid Hussain Ismail Guvenc Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Dept. Computer Systems Engineering Mirpur Univ. Science and Technology Mirpur AJK Pakistan Dept. Electrical and Computer Engineering North Carolina State University Raleigh NC USA

ISBN: (数字)9798350368369

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368376

In mobile ground-to-air (GA) propagation channels, the birth and death of multipath components (MPCs) are frequently observed, and the wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS) assumption does not always hold. Several methods exist for tracking the birth and death of MPCs, however, to the best of knowledge of authors, there is no existing literature that addresses the prediction of the lifespan of the MPCs in non-WSSUS GA propagation channels. In this work, we consider the GA channel as non-WSSUS and individual MPCs across receiver positions are represented as time series based on the Euclidean distance between channel parameters of the MPCs. These time series representations, referred to as path bins, are analyzed using a semi-Markov chain model. The channel parameter variations and dependencies between path bins are used to predict the lifespan of path bins using weighted sum method, machine learning classifiers, and deep neural networks. For comparison, the birth and death of path bins are also modeled using a Poisson distribution and a Markov chain. Simulation results demonstrate that deep neural networks offer highly accurate predictions for the lifespan (including death) of MPC path bins in the considered GA propagation scenario.

关键词： Analytical models Simulation Time series analysis Scattering Artificial neural networks Machine learning Receivers Euclidean distance Autonomous aerial vehicles Millimeter wave communication

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