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3rd International Conference on Intelligent and Innovative Technologies in Computing, Electrical and Electronics, IITCEE 2025

作者： Chaitra, M. Kushal, B. Likhitha, H. Priyanka, H.R. Bnm Institute of Technology Affiliated to Vtu Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering Bengaluru India

ISBN: (数字)9798331515911

ISBN: (纸本)9798331515911

Deepfake technology, known for its ability to produce convincingly face-swapped videos, presents significant risks to privacy, security, and public trust. Misuse of this technology for spreading misinformation, defamation, and influencing politics is on the rise, creating a pressing need for more effective detection mechanisms. As deepfake generation methods continue to advance, conventional detection techniques are increasingly unable to keep up, often falling short in accuracy and adaptability. This project aims to create an AI-driven detection system specialized in identifying face-swap deepfakes. The system focuses on subtle irregularities in facial details, movements, and the synchronization between audio and visuals. Employing neural network models such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, and Capsule Networks, it pinpoints anomalies like unnatural expressions, atypical skin textures, and lighting inconsistencies. The system achieves high reliability with metrics including accuracy (96%), precision (95%), recall (94%), and F1 score (95%), showing marked improvement compared to traditional techniques. It outperforms existing methods such as XceptionNet (92%) on the Celeb-DF dataset, underscoring its superior generalizability and robustness. This scalable solution has broad applications in media, law enforcement, and cybersecurity, reinforcing efforts to combat deepfake threats and fostering improved trust and security across various sectors. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Long short-term memory

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Effect of Hydrate Morphology on Geomechanical Behavior of Gas Hydrate Sediments

Effect of Hydrate Morphology on Geomechanical Behavior of Ga...

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Geotechnical Frontiers 2025: Soil Characterization and Improvement

作者： Rao, Mahima S. Wani, Sahil Kandasami, Ramesh Kannan Dept. of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras Tamil Nadu Chennai India

ISBN: (数字)9780784486016

In the field of unconventional fossil fuels, natural gas hydrates are considered a promising alternative to the conventional energy resource. However, the process of extracting gas from these hydrate reservoirs poses significant challenges, potentially leading to the loss of geomaterials strength and consequent geohazards. Thus, understanding the mechanical behavior of gas hydrates under an in situ stress state is important. The mechanical behavior of gas hydrate sediments is highly dependent on the hydrate saturation, hydrate morphology, pore pressure, and temperature. This study investigates the influence of hydrate morphology (pore-filled and cemented) on the mechanical behavior of hydrate-bearing specimens using high-pressure temperature and gas-controlled triaxial apparatus. These two distinct morphologies are synthesized using excess water and excess gas methods. It is observed that, for the identical hydrate saturation (~12%), pore-filled hydrate specimen showed a marginal peak strength increase of 4.5%, while cemented specimen exhibited a significant peak strength enhancement of 41.1% compared to the host sand. Additionally, cemented specimens showed higher strain-softening and dilation response compared to pore-filled hydrates. These findings underscore the critical importance of the effect of hydrate morphology on the mechanical behavior of hydrate-bearing sediments. This understanding is essential for planning resource extraction strategies and geohazard mitigation efforts. © ASCE.

关键词： Natural gas fields

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Routing and Charge Planning Strategies for Ridesharing EV Fleets 11

Routing and Charge Planning Strategies for Ridesharing EV Fl...

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11th International Conference on Vehicle technology and Intelligent Transport systems, VEHITS 2025

作者： Singh, Ashutosh Gupta, Arobinda Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology KharagpurWB-721302 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587450

Ridesharing systems have become an important part of urban transportation. At the same time, electric vehicle (EV) adoption is also growing at a fast pace as an eco-friendly and sustainable transportation option. To operate a ridesharing system with EV fleets, scheduling an EV fleet to serve passenger requests requires consideration of both the requests, and the available charge and potential future charge requirements of the EVs. In this paper, we address the problem of scheduling EVs by a ridesharing operator, and propose four algorithms that schedule passenger requests while taking into consideration charging requirements of the EVs. Detailed simulation results are presented on a real world data set to show that the algorithms perform well. Copyright © 2025 by SCITEPRESS - Science and technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Urban transportation

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Numerical Analysis of a Group of Batter Piles Subjected to Lateral Loading for Different Batter Angles

Numerical Analysis of a Group of Batter Piles Subjected to L...

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Geotechnical Frontiers 2025: Emerging Topics and Geotechnologies

作者： Verma, Dinesh Kumar Patra, Nihar Ranjan Dept. of Civil Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Uttar Pradesh Kanpur India

ISBN: (数字)9780784485989

In this study, numerical analysis of a group of batter piles subjected to different magnitudes of lateral load has been done using PLAXIS 3D for three pile lengths, and apart from it, batter angles varied. In the analysis, it is observed that when the batter angle increases from 10° to 20° reductions in lateral deformation of battered pile group are 25%, 28%, and 30% for different pile lengths (10 m, 15 m, and 20 m), respectively, in the case of maximum applied lateral load. The effect of batter angle on axial load and bending moment of different pile lengths have also been analysed. Furthermore, when soil stiffness is reduced by 25%, increase in lateral deformation of battered pile group is 25% and 22.4% when compared with the initial stiffness of soil case for 10-m and 15-m piles, respectively. © ASCE.

关键词： Bending (deformation)

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FPGA Based Approximate Vector Operation Accelerator for VLMs

FPGA Based Approximate Vector Operation Accelerator for VLMs

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2025 International Conference on Electronics, Information, and Communication, ICEIC 2025

作者： Kim, Raehyeong Lee, Chaebin Lee, Dayoung Jeong, Yue Ri Lee, Seung Eun Seoul National University of Science and Technology Dept. of Electronic Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798331510756

As artificial intelligence continues to advance, the importance of autonomous robotic systems and human-robot in-teractions is growing, particularly in the areas of language-based control and behavior prediction. Vision-language models (VLMs), which simultaneously process images and texts, are essential for interpreting commands and analyzing environments. However, their high computational demands, particularly for vector op-erations like softmax and layer normalization, pose significant challenges. These operations, involving complex functions such as exponentials and square roots, consume substantial resources as model sizes grow. This paper proposes a vector operation accelerator for VLMs through approximation techniques, specifically Newton-Raphson and piecewise linear approximations, to improve speed while reducing resource usage. The optimized architecture reuses resources by targeting redundant operations. Implemented on an FPGA, the accelerator achieved up to 54% faster performance compared to an RTX 3070 GPU, with minimal aproximation error. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Visual languages

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Low Complexity Riemannian Coordinate-Descent over Symmetric Positive Definite Matrices

Low Complexity Riemannian Coordinate-Descent over Symmetric ...

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2025 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ICASSP 2025

作者： Darmwal, Yogesh Rajawat, Ketan Dept. of Electrical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Uttar Pradesh Kanpur208016 India

ISBN: (纸本)9798350368741

Many signal processing and machine learning applications are framed as constrained optimization problems with positive definite constraints. Important examples include kernel matrix learning, covariance estimation of Gaussian distributions, maximum likelihood parameter estimation of elliptically contoured distributions, parameter estimation in Gaussian mixture models and matrix square root. In this work, utilizing Riemannian geometric principles, we propose coordinate-descent algorithms on the Riemannian manifold of symmetric positive definite (SPD) matrices. We further identify a broad class of functions encompassing all the aforementioned applications. Finally, we demonstrate that for this class of functions, the proposed algorithm achieves per-iteration complexities of O(n)-an order of magnitude lower than the O(n3) or higher complexities of full update algorithms like Riemannian gradient-descent and interior-point methods. Interestingly, the proposed algorithm is significantly faster than the Burer-Monteiro factorization-based coordinate descent algorithm, which has a per-iteration complexity of O(n2), as confirmed through simulations on the log-det minimization problem. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Riemannian coordinate-descent

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Voltage Regulation in Islanded Microgrids Using Linear Quadratic Gaussian Control 4

Voltage Regulation in Islanded Microgrids Using Linear Quadr...

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4th International Conference on Robotics, Electrical and Signal Processing Techniques, ICREST 2025

作者： Islam, Md. Ariful Sarkar, Ajay K. Saha, Ritam Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology Dept. of Electrical and Electronics Engg. Rajshahi Bangladesh

ISBN: (纸本)9798331530938

This paper investigates the application of a Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller to regulate voltage in an islanded microgrid. Microgrids are becoming increasingly common because of their ability to incorporate renewable energy sources while improving power reliability. However, ensuring voltage stability during islanded operation remains a challenge, especially due to the fluctuating nature of renewable energy. The proposed LQG controller aims to address these challenges by minimizing voltage deviations, settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error. The controller is integrated into the microgrid inverter framework. The paper analyzes the controller's performance under various loading conditions and fault scenarios. The key contributions of this work are: • Proposing an LQG controller for voltage regulation in an island microgrid. • Demonstrate the effectiveness of the controller in reducing the settling time, overshoot, and steady-state error. • Evaluating the controller's robustness under different loading and fault conditions. This research contributes to the development of advanced control strategies to improve the stability of the voltage and overall performance of island microgrids. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Microgrids

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Dynamic Charging on the Go: Optimizing Mobile Charging Stations for Electric Vehicle Infrastructure 11

Dynamic Charging on the Go: Optimizing Mobile Charging Stati...

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11th International Conference on Vehicle technology and Intelligent Transport systems, VEHITS 2025

作者： Jain, Suhas Gupta, Arobinda Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Indian Institute of Technology WB Kharagpur721302 India

ISBN: (纸本)9789897587450

With the growing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) as an eco-friendly and sustainable means of transportation, availability of adequate EV charging infrastructure has become very important. While fixed charging stations are the primary means for public charging, they can be effectively augmented by mobile charging stations. In this paper, we address the problem of planning and operating a mobile charging station fleet by an operator. We propose an algorithm for the operator to use for route planning of the MCSs and for scheduling charging requests of EVs to them to try to maximize the number of charging requests served. Detailed simulation results are presented in different realistic scenarios to show that the proposed algorithm works well. Copyright © 2025 by SCITEPRESS - Science and technology Publications, Lda.

关键词： Electric vehicles

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Adiabatic perturbation theory for mode analysis in optical waveguides with large index variations without eigen value decomposition

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Optics Express 2025年第7期33卷 15931-15944页

作者： Zhou, Junhe Hao, Wenxin Wang, Ruichen Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology Tongji University Shanghai200092 China Dept. of Electronics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China

Eigen mode and eigen value evaluation is crucial in optical waveguide design and is quite time consuming. It is known that the perturbation method can compute the modes efficiently for an index perturbed structure based on the known eigen modes and thereby avoids the time consuming eigen value decomposition process. However, the perturbation method can only be applied to the waveguide structures with small index variations, and hence it poses a significant constraint to the applicability of the method to the optical waveguide inverse design problem, which might have large index variations. In this paper, an adiabatic perturbation theory is proposed to tackle this problem. The eigen modes and the propagation constants of the optical waveguides are evaluated gradually by adding the index variation with respect to the previous step. While keeping the index variation to a small value within a step, the optical waveguide structure achieves a significant index change in total and thereby enables the application of the perturbation theory to the optical waveguide inverse design problem. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Perturbation techniques

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Raspberry-Pi Based Semi-Autonomous Rover for Pre-Defined Navigation Path 2

Raspberry-Pi Based Semi-Autonomous Rover for Pre-Defined Nav...

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2nd International Conference on Machine Learning and Autonomous systems, ICMLAS 2025

作者： Ahmed, S. Towseef Noorjahan, Md. Samreen, Syed. Nishath Kumari, S. Saritha Sultana, S. Fowzia G.Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology Dept. of ECE A.P India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505745

The Chandrayaan missions aim to study nearby Moon's composition, mineralogy, geologic evolution. Chandrayaan-1 and Chandrayaan-2 missions had their unique challenges and limitations. India's first lunar mission was Chandrayaan-1, it was launched in cognizant, 2008. and did not include a rover;instead, it carried an orbiter and an impact probe. Success was achieved in the detection of water molecules on the Moon, but in the project that spanned over ten months of operation, the orbiter had to suffer from failure due to overheating and communication problems. Launched in 2019, the Chandrayaan-2 mission included the Pragyan rover, planned for exploring the lunar surface. Unfortunately, the Vikram lander suffered considerable damage during descent from software and trajectory errors, putting the entire mission at jeopardy. The successful soft landing of Chandrayaan-3, India's third lunar research project, in 2023 at the Moon's South Pole drove a momentous turning point for the nation's space exploration endeavors and yielded vital new information for lunar science. To this end, we have developed a semi-autonomous rover that employs the A* path finding algorithm to navigate in a grid-like environment. The major aim, therefore, is for the rover to autonomously plan the best route while avoiding obstacles that were specified in advance. After setting the locations of the rover's source and destination, the current system uses the A* algorithm to find the most efficient path in a grid-like representation. Real-time modifications of its trajectory allow the rover to circumvent obstacles and navigate accurately and safely in an ever-changing environment. Test results show the ability of the rover to perform tasks related to navigation, thus proving the applicability of the A* algorithm in real-life situations such as industrial automation, rescue operations, and autonomous exploration in confined spaces. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Lunar landing

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