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Uniform National Discharge Standards - Overview and implications for future naval engineering

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 219-235页

作者： Kopack, D Smith, G Kim, D Erne, DL David F. Kopack:is a Program Manager in the Naval Sea Systems Command Office of Environmenta1 Protection Occupational Safety and Health SEA 00T. Mr. Kopack received his bachelor and master of science degrees in the physical sciences and management from the University of Maryland. Mr. Kopack has 20 years of experience in ship design and engineering industrial facility operations and program management. Gordon D. Smith:is a Chemical Engineer with the Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center in Bethesda Maryland and is working in the Naval Sea Systems Command Environmental and Auxiliary Systems Group. SEA 03L. Mr. Smith received his bachelor of science degree in chemical engineering from The Ohio State University. He has over 13 years of ronmental issues. In addition to supporting the development of Uniform National Discharge Standards he has been involved in research design testing and development of pollution abatement technologies suitable for use aboard Navy Ships. Don K. Kim:is a Senior Mechanical Engineer with the naval architecture and marine engineering firm of M. Rosenblatt & Son Inc. in Arlington Virginia. Mr. Kim received his bachelor of science and master of engineering degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Virginia. He is a registered Professional Engineer in the Commonwealth of Virgina. Mr. Kim has ten years of experience in the design installation maintenance and repair of shipboard mechanical systems equipment and components with specific expertise in compressor pump and fan design and operation. He is a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers and the American Society of Mechanical Engineer. David L. Erne:is an Associate with Booz Allen and Hamilton Inc. in Arlington Virginia. Mr. Erne received his bachelor of science degree in chemical engineering from the University of Idaho. He has over twelve years of experience in environmental program management and consulting. In addition to his support for the Uniform National Discharge Standards prog

In the Fiscal Year 1996 National Defense Authorization Act, Congress amended the Clean Water Act to provide the Department of Defense and the Environmental Protection Agency authority to jointly establish standards for incidental discharges from Armed Forces' vessels. The uniform national standards would apply to discharges from vessels of the Navy, Military Sealift Command, Army, Marine Corps, Air Force, and Coast Guard to the navigable waters and contiguous zone of the U.S. and its territories. Uniform National Discharge Standards (UNDS) will require control of discharges, by either a technology or management practice. UNDS will facilitate the Armed Forces' ability to better design and build future vessels to be environmentally sound and to maintain the operational flexibility of Armed Forces' vessels both domestically and internationally. The development of standards for Armed Forces' vessel discharges may have greater impact on naval engineering requirements for future vessels than any other single environmental issue, These standards are expected to stimulate the development of innovative vessel pollution control technologies, which on be used for both Armed Forces' vessels and commercial shipping vessels. This paper provides an overview of UNDS development, summarizes the results of UNDS Phase I, provides a summary overview of the preliminary approach for accomplishing UNDS Phase Il, and discusses implications for future naval engineering efforts.

关键词： Replenishment at sea homeland defense shipbuilding Military Personnel Uniform home range Treated water Naval engineering Uniforms Implication Clean Water Act Coastguards

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Developing a prototype concurrent design tool for composite topside structures

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第3期109卷 279-290页

作者： Dirlik, S Hambric, S Azarm, S Marquardt, M Hellman, A Bartlett, S Castelli, V Steve Dirlik:began his career at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division in 1981 as an aerospace engineer co-op student. He completed his bachelor of science degree in aeropace and ocean engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985 and his master of science degree in aerospace engineering from the University of Maryland in 1990. Mr. Dirlik recently completed a master of science program in applied physics at The Johns Hopins University and currently works in the Radar Cross Section and Target Physics Branch of the Signatures Directorate at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Corderoke Division. He has worked on Navy low observable programs since 1990. Stephen Hambric:is a research associate at the Applied Research Laboratory at The Pennsylvania State University. He received his B. S. and M.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and his D. Sc. in mechnical engineering from the George Washington University. He has worked on several computer aided multidiscikplinary design and optimization projects over the years including an automated propeller design system and a structural acoustic optimization capability. Dr. Shpour Azarm:is currently working as an associate professor with the Design and Manufacturing Group of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of maryland at College Park. Dr Azarm's expertise is in the areas of optimization-based designed and concurrent design and optimization of multidisciplinary systems. He was a consultant at Black & Decker Corporation (summer 1996) and worked as a Navy senior summer faculty fellow (summer 1995) and a NASA summer faculty fellow (summer 1994). He was a visiting scientist at NASA Langley Research Center for Multidisciplinary Analysis and Applied Structural Optimzatiom at the University of Siegen in Germany (spring 1992) and the Design Institute of the Technical University of Denmark (summer 1990). Dr Azarm was an associate technical editor of the ASME Jour

A prototype concurrent engineering tool has been developed for the preliminary design of composite topside structures for modern navy warships. This tool, named GELS for the Concurrent engineering of Layered Structures, provides designers with an immediate assessment of the impacts of their decisions on several disciplines which are important to the performance of a modern naval topside structure, including electromagnetic interference effects (EMI), radar cross section (RCS), structural integrity, cost, and weight. Preliminary analysis modules in each of these disciplines are integrated to operate from a common set of design variables and a common materials database. Performance in each discipline and an overall fitness function for the concept are then evaluated. A graphical user interface (GUI) is used to define requirements and to display the results from the technical analysis modules. Optimization techniques, including feasible sequential quadratic programming (FSQP) and exhaustive search are used to modify the design variables to satisfy all requirements simultaneously. The development of this tool, the technical modules, and their integration are discussed noting the decisions and compromises required to develop and integrate the modules into a prototype conceptual design tool.

关键词： Warships

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Ship habitability - Preparing for the 21st century

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第6期109卷 21-27页

作者： Meere, EP Grieco, L Edward P. Meere:works in the Arrangements Division of the NavSea Systems Command (SEA 03H1) and has been the Navy Habitability Program Manager for the past three years. He received a Bachelor of Science in Engineering Science from Illinois Institute of Technology in 1966. He received a Masters of Business Administration from the American University in 1977. His experience to date includes: Mathematics teacher at Prince Georges Community College for 7 years 10 years as Branch Head for Carrier and Amphibious Arrangements Project Engineer for Underway Replenishment Equipment responsible for the concept and development of the One Man Control Station. Louis R. Grieco:is a Supervisory Mechanical Engineer in the Habitability Branch of the Hull and Deck Machinery Department at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Philadelphia where he has been employed since 1971. He received a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering degree from Drexel University in 1979. His experience to date includes trade design and combat systems assignments at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard from 1960 to 1971 In Service Engineering Section and Branch Head for cargo/ weapons elevators conveyors torpedo handling systems habitability equipment and underway replenishment equipment and Life Cycle Manager for habitability systems. He also serves as a member of the Industrial Advisory Board at Temple University Philadelphia PA.

This paper discusses the problems identified in a FY 1995 fleet habitability survey. The survey questioned the fleet on the quality of shipboard living and working conditions and identified shortfalls in berthing, sanitary spaces, and food service systems that influence crew morale, safety, and ultimately mission effectiveness. Existing habitability programs, new initiatives and responses to the survey problems, plus a few quality of life ideas for the 21st century, are outlined.

关键词： Warships

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Video over wireless

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IEEE PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 1996年第1期3卷 44-54页

作者： Moura, JMF Jasinschi, RS Shiojiri, H Lin, JC Instituto Superior Técnico Lisbon Portugal Masachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA United States Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA United States Faculty of IST MIT University of Southern California University of São Paulo Brazil Carnegie Mellon University Lyman Laboratory Harvard University Robotics Institute Center for Automation Research University of Maryland Dept. of Elec. and Comp. Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Tohoku University Second Transmission Division NEC Corporation Kanagawa Japan NEC Corporation Carnegie Mellon National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Serv. Orders Proc. Syst. Data Center N. Taiwan Telecom. Administration

This paper addresses the issues arising when transmitting video across wireless and heterogenous networks. Key factors considered in this application are the large volumes raw data created by the video sources. These factors combine to conflicting requirements: aggressive compression ratios of 1000-10000 with simple decoding algorithms. Also, the Generative Video (GV), a content-based video meta representation that reduces video sequences to a small number of still images (world images) and site information (ancillary data) is presented. The GV representation is particularly suited to the wireless environment: it has the potential of large compression ratios at acceptable perceptual quality, it is easily scalable, and it is an asymmetric encoding/decoding algorithm.

关键词： Image communication systems

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Position control of a velocity controlled robot with compliant end effector using modal decoupling

Position control of a velocity controlled robot with complia...

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and automation (ICRA)

作者： D. Torfs J. De Schutter TRASYS Space Horizon center Zaventem Belgium Division of Production Engineering Machine Design and Automation PMA Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Belgium

This paper discusses the position control of a velocity controlled robot with compliant end effector using modal decoupling. Recent research has shown promising positioning and tracking results if a flexible one link robot is equipped with a velocity controlled actuator, together with an independent state feedback (ISF) of the rigid body mode and the flexible mode. The controller proposed extends the ISF controller to the case of a robot with multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) end-effector compliance. This multi-DOF system is transformed into a set of SISO-systems using modal decoupling. The ISF-approach is then applied to each of the SISO-system.

关键词： Position control Velocity control Robot control End effectors Robotics and automation Robot sensing systems Actuators Force control Automatic control Orbital robotics

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TECHNICAL ISSUES REGARDING SATELLITE PACKET-SWITCHING

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第3期12卷 257-267页

作者： IVANCIC, WD CHU, P SHYY, DJ National Aeronautics and Space Administration Lewis Research Center Cleveland Ohio 44135 USA. A design engineer in the Digital Technology Branch of the Space Electronics Division. He has extensive experience in satellite communications systems modulation and coding on-board switching and routeing and high speed digital design. Since joining NASA in 1982 Mr. Ivancic has been responsible for the development of a variety of matrix switch controllers ground terminal equipment numerous pieces of special test equipment a beacon controller for the SARSAT program (Search and Rescue Satellite) and a time-shared decoder for a processing satellite. In addition Mr. Ivancic has been technical contract monitor on a number of advanced communications technology contracts including the Advanced Modulation Technology Development a 5 GHz fibre-optic link and multi-programmable modem study. He was awarded the B.S.E.E. and M.S.E.E. degrees by Cleveland State University in 1982 and 1986 respectively. Cleveland State University Cleveland Ohio 44115 USA. Currently an assistant professor of Electrical Engineering Department at Cleveland State University. He obtained the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Iowa State University majoring in Electrical and Computer Engineering. His research interests include high-speed computer networks digital systems and neural networks applications. He is a member of Sigma Xi Phi Kappa Phi as well as the IEEE and ACM. ComSearch Reston Virginia 22091 USA. Received the B.S. degree in electrical engineering from National Chiao-Tung University Hsin-Chu Taiwan in 1983 and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA in 1986 and 1990 respectively. From June 1987 to October 1987 he worked for the Department of Neurology Emory University Atlanta as a Programmer. From September 1989 to December 1989 he worked for the Advanced Development Laboratory. AMP Inc. Atlanta as a Test Engineer. From February 1990 to August 1993 he wor

Many concepts for advanced communication satellite networks have recently been proposed. Critical technical issues relating to satellite packet switching for meshed very small aperture terminal networks and broadband ... 详细信息

关键词： FAST PACKET SWITCH BISDN MESHED VSAT ON-BOARD PROCESSING

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PITCH STABILIZATION FOR SURFACE COMBATANTS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第4期106卷 174-191页

作者： FERREIRO, LD SMITH, TC THOMAS, WL MACEDO, R THE AUTHORS Larrie Ferreiro:is a naval architect with the Surface Ship Design Group of NavSea where he works on combatants and amphibious ships most recently the LX. He has authored papers on comparative naval architecture combat system survivability habitability and shallow water hydrodynamics. He has a BSE and an MSc in naval architecture from respectively the University of Michigan and the University College London. He is a licensed professional engineer in Virginia Great Britain and Europe and holds black belts in taekwondo and kendo. Timothy C. Smith:is a naval architect with the Surface Ship Dynamics Branch of Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center. He is currently involved with seakeeping prediction of surface ships and their operability. He recently returned from an exchange at the Defense Research Establishment Atlantic Canada where he wrote a time domain operability program and examined criteria for underway replenishment. He has a BSE and MSE from the University of Michigan and is also a Competent Toastmaster. William L. Thomas III:has been a naval architect in the Surface Ship Dynamics Branch of Carderock Division Naval Surface Warfare Center since 1985. He is currently involved with seakeeping prediction of surface ships and their operability. He received a BS from the US Naval Academy and served for five years in submarines prior to joining NSWC. Roberto Macedo:worked on this project while an Engineer-in-Training at NavSea. Shortly after he became the automated resources coordinator for integrating CAD 2 within the NavSea Machinery Group. He is now with the Department of Energy working with the Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Program. He received a BS in Mathematics and Physics from Georgia Southern University an MS in Mechanical Engineering from Notre Dame and is currently pursuing a Masters in Engineering Administration from Virginia Tech.

Pitching is one of the most damaging motions for a ship, and is the obvious choice after rolling for reduction to improve ship operability. Although SWATHs or bigger monohulls have greater operability, they are often costly. Therefore, some method of stabilizing pitch on existing combatant hulls should be found. Historical research has shown that devices such as transom flaps and bow fins are ineffective or undesirable, but canted rudders show some promise. Using criteria for ASW and mobility operations, a destroyer hull equipped with large canted rudders using rudder pitch stabiliazation (RPS) was modeled on seakeeping evaluation programs. Its motion and operability were compared with a baseline hull (no RPS) as well as a SWATH and a larger Seakeeping Monohull. RPS reduced pitch motions 30-40% and improved operability 6-11% over the baseline hull, making its seakeeping performance comparable to the SWATH and Seakeeping Monohull. The use of high-lift devices can provide the same performance with reasonably sized rudders. We recommend a program to further develop pitch stabilization using high-lift canted rudders, including development of high-lift foil technology and small-scale validation of the RPS concept.

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LIVE FIRE TEST AND EVALUATION FOR SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第3期106卷 228-245页

作者： BLOOM, JB REESE, RM HOPKINS, TM Joel B. Bloom:is a staff specialist in the Office of the Deputy Director Land and Maritime Programs Test and Evaluation Directorate of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD). He is the OSD action officer for developmental testing including live fire testing for ships submarines underwater weapons and Army direct fire weapons. He is responsible for day-to-day OSD oversight of Navy ship vulnerability and is a member of the crew casualty working group of the Joint Technical Coordinating Group for Munitions Effectiveness. Previously he worked at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard the Marine Division of the Army Corps of Engineers the David Taylor Model Basin and the Office of Naval Intelligence and on the staff of the Navy's Ship Characteristics and Improvement Board. Mr. Bloom graduated from Virginia Polytechnic Institute with a BS in mechanical engineering (naval architecture and marine engineering). His graduate work was in oceanography and in engineering administration. He is a member of ASNE SNAME the International Test and Evaluation Association the U.S. Naval Institute and the Naval Submarine League and is listed inWho's Who in the East.He is a recent recipient of the Secretary of Defense Meritorious Civilian Service Medal. Dr. Ronald M. Reese:has headed the live fire test and evaluation sea systems team in the operational evaluation division of the Institute for Defense Analyses (IDA) for the past three years. From 1980–1990 he worked at NKF Engineering Inc. in various areas of ship survivability and ship design specializing in ship signature reduction. From 1960–1980 he served in the U.S. Navy as a surface line officer and in various capacities as an Engineering Duty Officer including Naval Ship Engineering Center Ship Design Manager for PHM and Continuing CV Conceptual Design NavSea PMS 378 Program Manager/SUPSHIP Newport News Project Officer forVirginia(CGN-38) class construction and Force Maintenance Officer Commander Naval Surface Force U.S. Atlantic Fleet. He retired from t

Live Fire Test and Evaluation (LFT&E) is a relatively recent addition to the requirements for ship acquisition programs. Ship LFT&E requires a combination of testing and analysis in order to evaluate the vulnerability of a new acquisition ship class to the threat weapons it is likely to encounter in combat. LFT&E supports the ship acquisition process by identifying vulnerability weaknesses early in a development program and enabling timely, well informed decisions regarding ship vulnerability reduction features. This paper discusses the various aspects of ship LFT&E and how they relate to make a positive impact on a ship acquisition program in a timely fashion. It describes a four-element approach to ship LFT&E consisting of (1) component, system, and full-scale ship tests, (2) surrogate tests, (3) damage scenario-based engineering analyses, and (4) a Total Ship Survivability Trial demonstrating the ability of the full-up ship to combat damage and ''fight hurt.''

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ACQUISITION REFORM AND BEST PRODUCT PROCUREMENT - AN engineering VIEW

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第6期106卷 41-57页

作者： FISHER, DA SKOLNICK, A He has been involved with several weapon system developments. Among these were the Trident II fire control and navigation systems the BSY-I Anti-Submarine Warfare System and the Navy standard computers (UYK44 and EMSP). He served as manager of the Digital Circuits Engineering Branch and was then appointed as manager of the Automatic Test Equipment (ATE) Technology Division. As manager of the ATE Technology Division he was responsible for the SP-23 Fire Control System Support Project the SP-24 Navigation Project and the Fleet Progressive Maintenance Program (2M/ATE). This Division was responsible for selection and application of electronic product technology and for developing fleet test and repair techniques. He holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from the University of Evansville and is currently pursuing a Masters of Public Administration at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis. Dr. Alfred Skolnick:retired from the Navy in 1983 with the rank of captain. He is president of System Science Consultants (SSC) specializing in strategic planning technical program definition technology assessment and engineering analyses on selected matters of national interest. Dr. Skolnick taught mathematics and management sciences at University of Virginia and Marymount University. He is adjunct faculty at Northern Virginia Community College. From 1985 to 1989 he was president of the American Society of Naval Engineers. In the Navy he served at Applied Physics Laboratory/The Johns Hopkins University then aboard USSBoston(CAG-1) and played leading roles in several weapon system developments inertial navigation (Polaris) deep submergence (DSRV) and advanced ship designs (SES). He later was director Combat System Integration Naval Sea Systems Command and head Combat Projects Naval Ship Engineering Center. In 1975 he became a major project manager and led the Navy's High Energy Lasers Program in 1981 he was assigned all Navy Directed Energy Weapons development efforts. He was vice president advanced tech

The military services are being moved in the direction of performance-based specifications and standards. They are being steered against dictating ''how to'' produce an item since such action forecloses on the ability to gain access to components or technology that may have a commercial equivalent. Why should the engineering community embrace the new approach? Aside from the obvious weight of it being approved policy, therefore currently mandated, it warrants examination because it is the correct approach at this time when applied to appropriate products. Military specifications and standards are to be displaced then, by acceptable alternative contractor design solutions. Industry bidders will be allowed to propose the particular design details, permitting procurement flexibility by contractually citing only system level or interface requirements, both physical and functional. Hopefully, this can broaden the industrial base and increase competition with reduced costs to follow. Conceptually, the approach appears both performance-sensible and cost-attractive (there are, of course, consequent risks) but how does implementation proceed? Is it possible to pursue the goals envisioned along paths that are not in themselves experimental? Can the American postulate, minimal loss of life and limb to U.S. military people, continue to be honored? Experience and track record elsewhere imply encouraging possibilities in select situations-useful prospects are identified and discussed in practical terms.

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THE CALLING(SM) NETWORK - A GLOBAL WIRELESS COMMUNICATION-SYSTEM

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS 1994年第1期12卷 45-61页

作者： TUCK, EF PATTERSON, DP STUART, JR LAWRENCE, MH Calling Communications Corporation. 1900 West Garvey Ave South. Suite 200 West Covina CA 91790 USA. Chairman of Calling Communications Corporation. He is also the Managing Director of Kinship Venture Management Inc. the general partner of Kinship Partners 11 and a General Partner of Boundary the general partner of The Boundary Fund. As a venture capitalist he has founded or participated in founding several telecommunications companies including Calling Communications Corporation Magellan Systems Corporation manufactures of Global Positioning System receivers Applied Digital Access manufacturer of DS-3 test access and network performance monitoring equipment Endgate Technology Corporation specialists in satellite phased array antennas and Poynting Systems Corporation. now a division of Reliance Corporation manufacturers of fibre optic transport equipment. He was a founder of Kebby Microwave Corporation where he invented the first solid-state. frequency-modulated commercial microwave link system. The company was acquired by ITT Corporation where he rose to the position of V.P. and Technical Director of ITT North America Telecommunications Inc. Subsequently he was V.P. of Marketing and Engineering at American Telecommunications Inc. (ATC). He was founding Director of American Telecom Inc. a joint venture between ATC and Fujitsu and has served on more than 20 boards of directors including those of three public companies. He has authored articles on microwave engineering and telephone signalling and was a contributor to Reference Data For Radio Engineers. He is a graduate of the University of Missouri at Rolla where he was later awarded an honorary Professional degree and serves on its Academy of Electrical Engineering. Mr Tuck is a Senior Member of the IEEE a Fellow of the Institution of Engineers (Australia) a Professional Member of the AIAA and a registered professional engineer in three states. More than 25 years of experience in the telecommunications industry where he has been responsibl

There is a very large demand for basic telephone service in developing nations, and remote parts of industrialized nations, which cannot be met by conventional wireline and cellular systems. This is the world's largest unserved market. We describe a system which uses recent advances in active phased arrays, fast-packet switching technology, adaptive routeing, and light spacecraft technology, in part based on the work of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and on recently-declassified work done on the Strategic Defense Initiative, to make it possible to address this market with a global telephone network based on a large low-Earth-orbit constellation of identical satellites. A telephone utility can use such a network to provide the same modern basic and enhanced telephone services offered by telephone utilities in the urban centres of fully-industrialized nations. Economies of scale permit capital and operating costs per subscriber low enough to provide a service to all subscribers, regardless of location, at prices comparable to the same services in urban areas of industrialized nations, while generating operating profits great enough to attract the capital needed for its construction. The bandwidth needed to support the capacity needed to gain these economies of scale requires that the system use K(alpha)-band frequencies. This choice of frequencies places unusual constraints on the network design, and in particular forces the use of a large number of satellites. Global demand for basic and enhanced telephone service is great enough to support at least three networks of the size described herein. The volume of advanced components, and services such as launch services, required to construct and replace these networks is sufficient to propel certain industries to market leadership positions in the early 21st Century.

关键词： LOW EARTH ORBIT SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS FAST PACKET SWITCHING EARTH FIXED CELLS ADAPTIVE ROUTEING LIGHT SPACECRAFT K(A) BAND PHASED-ARRAY ANTENNAS

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