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Preface: Security and safety in physical layer systems

Security and Safety 2024年第1期3卷 4-6页

作者： Aiqun Hu Liang Jin Xiangyun Zhou Feng Shu Xiangwei Zhou State Key Laboratory of Mobile Communications Southeast UniversityNanjing 210096China National Digital Switching System Engineering&Technological R&D Center Zhengzhou 450002China School of Engineering Australian National UniversityCanberra 2601Australia School of Information and Communication Engineering Hainan UniversityHaikou Hainan 570100China Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering Louisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge 70803USA

This special topic mainly focuses on the progress of physical-layer security(PLS)technologies and their potential applications for the future beyond fifth-generation(B5G)and sixth-generation(6G)*** tremendous growth in connectivity and the ubiquity of wireless communications have resulted in an unprecedented awareness of the importance of security and *** secure and trusted communications is vital for future intelligent connected applications,especially life-critical vehicle-toeverything(V2X)***,the heterogeneous,dynamic and decentralized architecture of these networks leads to difficulties for cryptographic key management,and *** exploiting the physical characteristics of devices,wireless channels and noise,PLS offers reliable solutions against eavesdropper attacks as complementary approaches to cryptographic techniques.

关键词： layer complementary networks

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Internet-of-Things technology and applications for clean energy systems

Energy Conversion and Economics

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Energy Conversion and Economics 2021年第4期2卷 183-185页

作者： Strunz, Kai Wang, Xuanyuan Guo, Qinglai Xie, Le Zhang, Song Fang, Xin Wang, Jianxiao School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Berlin10587 Germany State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co. LTD. Beijing China Department of Electrical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Texas A&M University College StationTX United States Department of Business Architecture and Technology ISO New England Inc. HolyokeMA United States Power Systems Engineering Center National Renewable Energy Laboratory GoldenCO United States School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering North China Electric Power University Beijing China

[...]future research interests regarding IESSs are summarised. A multi-stage PMU placement strategy was developed to alleviate power system vulnerability to possible false data injection attacks, where forward dynamic programming was used to distribute the capital cost of PMUs over a certain period. Three clustering methods, including linear regression, density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), and Gaussian mixture models (GMM), were combined for bad PMU data detection.

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Adaptable Invisibility Management Using Kirigami-Inspired Transformable Metamaterials

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Research 2021年第1期2021卷 1034-1044页

作者： He-Xiu Xu Mingzhao Wang Guangwei Hu Shaojie Wang Yanzhao Wang Chaohui Wang Yixuan Zeng Jiafang Li Shuang Zhang Wei Huang Air and Missile Defense College Air Force Engineering UniversityXi’an 710051China Institute of Flexible Electronics Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of SingaporeSingaporeSingapore 117583 Centre for Quantum Physics Key Laboratory of Advanced Optoelectronic Quantum Architecture and Measurement(MOE)Beijing 100081China School of Physics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Department of Physics University of Hong KongHong KongChina Department of Electronic&Electrical Engineering University of Hong KongHong KongChina

Many real-world applications,including adaptive radar scanning and smart stealth,require reconfigurable multifunctional devices to simultaneously manipulate multiple degrees of freedom of electromagnetic(EM)waves in an on-demand ***,kirigami technique,affording versatile and unconventional structural transformation,has been introduced to endow metamaterials with the capability of controlling EM waves in a reconfigurable ***,we report for a kirigami-inspired sparse meta-architecture,with structural density of 1.5%in terms of the occupation space,for adaptive invisibility based on independent operations of frequency,bandwidth,and *** on the general principle of dipolar management via structural reconstruction of kirigami-inspired meta-architectures,we demonstrate reconfigurable invisibility management with abundant EM functions and a wide tuning range using three enantiomers(A,B,and C)of different geometries characterized by the folding angleβ.Our strategy circumvents issues of limited abilities,narrow tuning range,extreme condition,and high cost raised by available reconfigurable metamaterials,providing a new avenue toward multifunctional smart devices.

关键词： tuning visibility smart

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System for coronavirus classification based on a new textural descriptor

System for coronavirus classification based on a new textura...

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International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and computer engineering (STA)

作者： Fathia Boubakri Norhene Gargouri Alima Damak Masmoudi Digital Research Center of Sfax Technopole of Sfax Computer Imaging and Electronic System Group CEM Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Imaging and Electronic System Group Sfax Engineering School University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia

The combination of Chest X-Ray imaging and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has proven its efficiency in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) detection [1]. The present paper proposes an efficient COVID-19 detection system based on a new textural features descriptor: Monogenic Local Binary Pattern Variance (MLBPV). An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model is used for Regions Of Interest (ROIs) classification. Evaluating MLBPV, it outperforms other tested models by achieving an Area Under Curve $(A_{z})$ of 0.96263 and an accuracy of 99.9805%. Comparing our method with previous ones proves that ours provides the best performance. This model may be implemented in digital X-Ray machine for radiography and help radiologists.

关键词： COVID-19 Radiography Measurement Reactive power Pulmonary diseases Lung Feature extraction

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Grating pitch comparator traceable to the Cr atom transition frequency

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Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation 2025年 242卷

作者： Lin, Zichao Deng, Xiao Wu, Yize Feng, Jingtong Zhu, Hongyu Yang, Yaao Yu, Jing Xue, Dongbai Wang, Jianbo Shi, Yushu Jin, Tao Zhang, Wentao Dun, Xiong Cheng, Xinbin Li, Tongbao MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics Institute of Precision Optical Engineering School of Physics Science and Engineering Tongji University Shanghai200092 China National Institute of Metrology China Beijing100029 China College of metrology and measurement engineering China Jiliang University Hangzhou310018 China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing School of Optoelectronic Engineering Guilin University of Electronic Technology Guilin541004 China School of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai200093 China

Calibration of the grating pitch typically requires metrological instruments or diffraction techniques. The traceability and stability demands for laser wavelength in these techniques present substantial challenges for on-site grating calibration. This paper introduces a novel traceability approach to grating pitch calibration using a grating pitch comparator that utilizes the transition frequency of the chromium. The chromium transition frequency is converted into a chromium grating through atom lithography, establishing a self-traceable length standard dCr = 212.7787 ± 0.0049 nm. Calibration of the test grating's pitch is achieved by comparing the phase shift caused by the simultaneous movement of the chromium grating and the test grating. By using the dCr, this approach combines the high-accuracy of fundamental physical constants with the environmental stability of grating interferometers, eliminating the need for measuring laser wavelength, air refraction, diffraction angles. It significantly enhances the precision and makes more straightforward and portable, crucial for facilitating traceable on-site grating measurements. © 2024

关键词： Comparators (optical)

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Efficient Optical Control of Magnon Dynamics in van der Waals Ferromagnets

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Ultrafast Science 2024年第6期4卷 53-60页

作者： Yu Gong Zhonghua Yang Alem Teklu Ti Xie Noah Kern Andrew F.May Michael McGuire Christian Brennan Er-Jia Guo Narayanan Kuthirummal John Cetin Qian Zhang Ming Hu Cheng Gong Department of Physics and Astronomy College of CharlestonCharlestonSC 29424USA Department of Mechanical Engineering University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA College of Architecture and Civil Engineering Shenyang University of TechnologyShenyang 110870China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Quantum Technology Center University of MarylandCollege ParkMD 20742USA Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China

Optical control of magnons in two-dimensional(2D)materials promises new functionalities for spintronics and magnonics in atomically thin ***,we report control of magnon dynamics,using laser polarization,in a ferromagnetic van der Waals(vdW)material,*** magnon amplitude,frequency,and lifetime are controlled and monitored by time-resolved pump-probe *** show substantial(over 25%)and continuous modulation of magnon dynamics as a function of incident laser *** results suggest that the modification of the effective demagnetization field and magnetic anisotropy by the pump laser pulses with different polarizations is due to anisotropic optical *** implies that pump laser pulses modify the local spin environment,which enables the launch of magnons with tunable *** first-principles calculations confirm the anisotropic optical absorption of different crystal *** findings suggest a new route for the development of opto-spintronic or opto-magnonic devices.

关键词： magnon dynamics atomically thin devicesherewe control magnon dynamicsusing van der waals ferromagnets optical control modulation magnon dynamics ferromagnetic van der waals vdw materialfe co gete optical control magnons

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Seatbelt-Embroidered Metamaterials for In-Vehicle Vital Sign Monitoring

Seatbelt-Embroidered Metamaterials for In-Vehicle Vital Sign...

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Microwave, MTT-S International Symposium

作者： Qihang Zeng Xi Tian Dat T. Nguyen Xin Yang Patrick Chia Changsheng Wu John S. Ho Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore SIA-NUS Digital Aviation Corporate Laboratory National University of Singapore Singapore Integrative Sciences & Engineering NUS Graduate School National University of Singapore Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore

Continuous in-vehicle physiological monitoring can improve safety through early detection of driver fatigue and drowsiness. However, developing a system capable of effective and robust physiological monitoring in practical driving scenarios is challenging due to the noisy vehicular environment in which the sensor is exposed to engine vibrations, unpredictable road conditions and random body motions. In this work, we introduce a seatbelt-integrated metamaterial sensor for unobtrusive and continuous in-vehicle respiration and heartbeat monitoring. The metamaterial sensor is fabricated by digital embroidery of conductive threads and can continuously monitor respiration and heartbeat in a contactless manner. Our sensor supports confined microwave surface waves that are modulated by subtle local physiological motions, which are sensitively transduced into changes in the phase of the transmitted signal. We developed an algorithm based on variational mode decomposition (VMD) for noise-robust extraction of respiration and heart rate. We experimentally demonstrate the embroidered metamaterial in real-life driving scenarios and show accurate heartbeat detection with a median inter-beat interval (IBI) detection error of 23.5 ms during driving. Our results highlight the potential of embroidered metamaterial sensors in driver physiological monitoring applications, especially for the unobtrusive detection of fatigue and drowsiness.

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Medical Image Segmentation via Single-Source Domain Generalization with Random Amplitude Spectrum Synthesis

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Qiao, Qiang Wang, Wenyu Qu, Meixia Su, Kun Jiang, Bin Guo, Qiang School of Mechanical Electrical & Information Engineering Shandong University Weihai China Shenzhen Research Institute Shandong University Shenzhen China School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong University of Finance and Economics Jinan China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Media Technology Jinan China

The field of medical image segmentation is challenged by domain generalization (DG) due to domain shifts in clinical datasets. The DG challenge is exacerbated by the scarcity of medical data and privacy concerns. Traditional single-source domain generalization (SSDG) methods primarily rely on stacking data augmentation techniques to minimize domain discrepancies. In this paper, we propose Random Amplitude Spectrum Synthesis (RASS) as a training augmentation for medical images. RASS enhances model generalization by simulating distribution changes from a frequency perspective. This strategy introduces variability by applying amplitude-dependent perturbations to ensure broad coverage of potential domain variations. Furthermore, we propose random mask shuffle and reconstruction components, which can enhance the ability of the backbone to process structural information and increase resilience intra- and cross-domain changes. The proposed Random Amplitude Spectrum Synthesis for Single-Source Domain Generalization (RAS4DG) is validated on 3D fetal brain images and 2D fundus photography, and achieves an improved DG segmentation performance compared to other SSDG models. The source code is available at: https://***/qintianjian-lab/RAS4DG. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation

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A 3D Continuous-Space Electromagnetic Channel Model for 6G Tri-Polarized Multi-user Communications

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Yang, Yue Wang, Cheng-Xiang Huang, Jie Thompson, John Vincent Poor, H. The National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and Engineering Southeast University Nanjing210096 China The Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing211111 China The Institute for Digital Communications School of Engineering University of Edinburgh EdinburghEH9 3JL United Kingdom The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University PrincetonNJ United States

It is envisioned that the sixth generation (6G) and beyond 6G (B6G) wireless communication networks will enable global coverage in space, air, ground, and sea. In this case, both base stations and users can be mobile and will tend to move continuously in three-dimensional (3D) space. Therefore, obtaining channel state information (CSI) in 3D continuous-space is crucial for the design and performance evaluation of future 6G and B6G wireless systems. On the other hand, new 6G technologies such as integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) will also require prior knowledge of CSI in 3D continuous-space. In this paper, a 3D continuous-space electromagnetic channel model is proposed for tri-polarized multi-user communications, taking into account scatterers and spherical wavefronts. Scattered fields are calculated using the method of moments (MoM) with high accuracy. Spherical wave functions are utilized to decompose the dyadic Green's functions that connect the transmitted source currents and the received electric fields. Simulation results demonstrate that transmit power, apertures, scatterers, and sample intervals have significant impacts on statistical properties and channel capacities, providing insights into the performance of continuous-space electromagnetic channel models and the design of future wireless systems. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Spheres

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A mixed-precision binary neural network architecture for touch modality classification 16

A mixed-precision binary neural network architecture for tou...

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2021 International Conference on Synthesis, Modeling, Analysis and Simulation Methods and Applications to Circuit Design, SMACD 2021 and 16th Conference on PhD Research in Microelectronics and Electronics, PRIME 2021

作者： Younes, Hamoud Ibrahim, Ali Rizk, Mostafa Valle, Maurizio COSMIC Laboratory Department of Electrical Electronic and Telecommunications Engineering and Naval Architecture University of Genova Genoa Italy Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Lebanese International University Bekaa Lebanon Department of Physics and Electronics Faculty of Sciences Lebanese University Lebanon

ISBN: (纸本)9783800755899

Binary Neural Networks (BNN) have been proposed to address the computational complexity and memory requirements of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN). However, in most of the applications, BNNs suffer from severe accuracy loss due to the 1-bit quantization. In this paper, a Mixed-Precision Binary Weight Network (MP-BWN) is proposed as a compromise between CNN and BNN. Compared to traditional binary networks, MP-BWN offers better performance with an acceptable increase in the network size. MP-BWN achieves up to 99% reduction in both the number of operations and the network size compared to similar state-of-the-art solutions. When validated on a touch modality classification problem, the MP-BWN surpassed similar existing solutions by achieving a classification accuracy of 77.8%. © VDE VERLAG GMBH.

关键词： Neural networks

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