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International Workshop on Acoustic signal Enhancement (IWAENC)

作者： Christin Baasch Vasudev Kandade Rajan Mohamed Krini Gerhard Schmidt Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Kiel University Germany Paragon AG Delbrueck Germany

In this paper a simple yet robust noise power spectral density estimation algorithm is presented. The motivation for the algorithm developed here is the harsh noise environment present in automobiles along with the need to keep the complexity low for real-time implementations. The scheme is based on a multiplicative estimator in which multiple increment and decrement time-constants are utilized. The time-constants are chosen based on noise-only and speech-like situations. Further, by observing the long-term “trend” of the noisy input spectrum, suitable time-constants are chosen which reduces the tracking delay significantly. The trend factor is measured taking into account the dynamics of speech. Evaluation of the proposed algorithm and comparisons with state of the art systems will be performed in the context of varying automobile noises.

关键词： Speech Noise measurement Market research Estimation Smoothing methods signal to noise ratio

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Model-based Tracking of Magnetic Sensor Gloves in Real Time

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Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 2023年第1期9卷 85-88页

作者： Schmidt, Gerhard Boueke, Moritz Hoffmann, Johannes Schmidt, Tobias Bald, Christin Bergholz, Robert Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kiel University Kaiserstr. 2 Kiel 24143 Germany Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kiel University Kiel Germany Department of Pediatric Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kiel University Kiel Germany

While mechanical tracking is commonly seen in robot-Assisted surgery, contactless gesture control leads to a more intuitive approach. Magnetic localization systems might be able to provide an untethered access to the necessary hand movement data. A model-based system exploiting a priori knowledge to improve the accuracy and robustness can be beneficial in this context. We present a proof of concept, in which the index finger of a digital twin of a hand is tracked with three simulated sensors. Based on the physiological composition, the finger is modeled as a kinematic chain with rotational degrees of freedom between the segments according to the corresponding finger joints. We applied an extended Kalman filter using this description to enhance position and rotation estimates for the sensors on the finger segments. We achieved mean absolute errors © 2023 the author(s), published by Walter de Gruyter Berlin/Boston.

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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Individual-gating-by-sorting in MHT

Individual-gating-by-sorting in MHT

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International Conference on Information Fusion

作者： Viet Due Nguyen Tim Claussen Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel Kiel Germany

An efficient individual gating method is described and tested. Compared to other approaches it does not solely calculate distances between the predicted and the actual measurement but checks for overlapping frames centered around them. In contrast to covariance ellipses, these frames are created only by using the main diagonal entries of covariance matrices. The overlap-check is done by sorting algorithms and binary search. Only measurements which pass the overlap-check are further processed by ellipsoid gating. In doing so, not only the computation time itself but also the complexity can be reduced compared to classical ellipsoid or rectangular gating. This Individual-Gating-by-Sorting is integrated into a Multi-Hypothesis tracker and applied to a multistatic sonar dataset. Results show outstanding performances. The gain compared to classical ellipsoid gating in terms of computation even further increases as the amount of data increases.

关键词： Logic gates Ellipsoids Position measurement Complexity theory Covariance matrices Target tracking Technological innovation

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Discriminative Training of Deep Regression Networks for Artificial Bandwidth Extension

Discriminative Training of Deep Regression Networks for Arti...

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International Workshop on Acoustic signal Enhancement (IWAENC)

作者： Jonas Sautter Friedrich Faubel Markus Buck Gerhard Schmidt Nuance Communications Speech Signal Enhancement Ulm Germany Kiel University Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Kiel Germany

Artificial bandwidth extension reconstructs a 16 kHz wideband signal from a given 8 kHz narrowband signal. State-of-the-art approaches use regression deep neural networks (DNNs) for extending the spectral envelope. As a cost function during training, they use the mean squared error (MSE) between true and estimated wideband spectral envelopes. With pure MSE training, the extension for fricatives and vowels is not distinctive enough compared to the true WB data. In this work, we propose to add a discriminative term to the cost function that forces the DNN to extend the energy more distinctively for different phoneme classes. The proposed cost function improves the separation of fricatives and vowels in the DNN. It also results in a higher speech quality, which was shown in subjective listening tests.

关键词： Training Cost function Bandwidth Speech processing Conferences Acoustics Neural networks

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A Minimum variance beamformer for spatially distributed microphones using a soft reference selection

A Minimum variance beamformer for spatially distributed micr...

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Hands-Free Speech Communication and Microphone Arrays, HSCMA

作者： Sebastian Stenzel Jürgen Freudenberger Gerhard Schmidt HTWG Konstanz Institute for System Dynamics Germany Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Germany

The signal quality at different microphone locations varies for distributed microphone arrays. Such microphone constellations require a suitable beamformer design that considers these differences in the input signal conditions. In this paper a frequency domain minimum variance (MV) beamforming approach is presented that uses a soft reference selection. The filter coefficients of this MV beamformer only depend on the spatial correlation properties of the input signals. The proposed beamformer is able to partially equalize the acoustic system, i.e. the magnitude of the overall transfer function is the envelope of all acoustic transfer functions.

关键词： Microphones Speech Transfer functions Acoustics signal to noise ratio Correlation

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Video post-processing with adaptive 3-D filters for wavelet ringing artifact removal

Video post-processing with adaptive 3-D filters for wavelet ...

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作者： Marušič, Boštjan Skočir, Primož Tasič, Jurij Košir, Andrej Faculty of Electrical Engineering University of Ljubljana Triaaka 25 Ljubljana Slovenia Laboratory for Digital Signal Image and Video Processing University of Ljubljana Slovenia University of Ljubljana Slovenia University of Ljubljana Faculty of Electrical Engineering Slovenia System Theory and Computing

This paper reports on the suitability of the SUSAN filter for the removal of artifacts that result from quantization errors in wavelet video coding. In this paper two extensions of the original filter are described. The first uses a combination of 2-D spatial filtering followed by 1-D temporal filtering along motion trajectories, while the second extension is a pure 3-D motion compensated SUSAN filter. The SUSAN approach effectively reduces coding artifacts, while preserving the original signal structure, by relying on a simple pixel-difference-based classification procedure. Results reported in the paper clearly indicate that both extensions efficiently reduce ringing that is the prevalent artifact perceived in wavelet-based coded video. Experimental results indicate an increase in perceptual as well as objective (PSNR) decoded video quality, which is competitive with state-of-the-art post-processing algorithms, especially when low computational demands of the proposed approach are taken into account. Copyright © 2005 The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers.

关键词： Adaptive filtering

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Magnetoneurograhy of an electrically stimulated arm nerve: Usability of magnetoelectric (ME) sensors for magnetic measurements of peripheral arm nerves

Magnetoneurograhy of an electrically stimulated arm nerve: U...

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作者： Elzenheimer, Eric Laufs, Helmut Sander, Tilmann Schmidt, Gerhard Kiel University Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Kaiserstr. 2 Kiel24143 Germany UKSH Department of Neurology Arnold-Heller-Str. 3 Kiel24105 Germany Abbestr. 2-12 Berlin10587 Germany

For further development and optimization of novel uncooled magnetoelectric (ME) sensors, a better understanding of spectral power distribution and signal strength of nerve signals is of high interest. For obtaining information on these signal properties, Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) measurements were performed at the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) in Berlin. signal amplitudes were subject-dependent and ranged from 17 fT to 60 fT in a frequency range from 100 Hz to 1 kHz. The required SQUID averaging time was in the range of minutes, while for current ME sensors significantly longer averaging times are expected to be necessary. © 2018 Eric Elzenheimer et al.

关键词： SQUIDs

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On the Use of Vocal-Tract Approximations for Instrumental Quality Assessment

On the Use of Vocal-Tract Approximations for Instrumental Qu...

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Speech Communication;10. ITG Symposium

作者： Christoph R. Norrenbrock Ulrich Heute Florian Hinterleitner Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Christian-Albrechts-Universtat zu Kiel Quality and Usability Lab Telekom Innovation Laboratories

ISBN: (纸本)9783800734559

The nature of linear prediction becomesmost vivid through the relation between predictor and reflection coefficients in the context of the source-filter model of speech production. In particular, an approximation of the vocal-tract shape can be recursively calculated using the reflection coefficients only. To date, it is not fully clear to what extent such an approximation can be exploited for a perception-related quality analysis of connected speech signals. In this paper, we will review known approaches from literature and elaborate on a novel extension towards instrumental quality assessment of synthesized speech signals.

关键词： Speech Approximation methods Cavity resonators Correlation Instruments Electron tubes Speech processing

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What makes this voice sound so bad? A multidimensional analysis of state-of-the-art text-to-speech systems

What makes this voice sound so bad? A multidimensional analy...

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IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop

作者： Florian Hinterleitner Christoph Norrenbrock Sebastian Möller Ulrich Heute Quality and Usability Lab Telekom Innovation Laboratories Technical University of Berlin Germany Digital Signal Processing and System Theory CAU Kiel Germany

This paper presents research on perceptual quality dimensions of synthetic speech. We generated 57 stimuli from 16/19 female/male German text-to-speech systems (TTS) and asked listeners to judge the perceptual distances between them in a sorting task. Through a subsequent multidimensional scaling algorithm, we extracted three dimensions. Via expert listening and a comparison to ratings gathered on 16 attribute scales, the three dimensions can be assigned to naturalness of voice, temporal distortions and calmness. These dimensions are discussed in detail and compared to the perceptual quality dimensions from previous multidimensional analyses. Moreover, the results are analyzed depending on the type of TTS system. The identified dimensions will be used in the future to build a dimension-based quality predictor for synthetic speech.

关键词： Speech Synthesizers Hidden Markov models Correlation Sorting Databases Rhythm

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Model-based Tracking of Magnetic Sensor Gloves in Real Time

Model-based Tracking of Magnetic Sensor Gloves in Real Time

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作者： Schmidt, Gerhard Boueke, Moritz Hoffmann, Johannes Schmidt, Tobias Bald, Christin Bergholz, Robert Digital Signal Processing and System Theory Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kiel University Kaiserstr. 2 Kiel24143 Germany Department of Electrical and Information Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kiel University Kiel Germany Department of Pediatric Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kiel University Kiel Germany

关键词： Degrees of freedom (mechanics)

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