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Implications of Sea Breezes on Air Quality Monitoring in a Coastal Urban Environment: Evidence From High Resolution Modeling of NO2and O3

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Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 2023年第11期128卷 e2022JD037860-e2022JD037860页

作者： Bo Wang Jeffrey A. Geddes Taylor J. Adams Elena S. Lind Brian C. McDonald Jian He Colin Harkins Dan Li Gabriele G. Pfister Department of Earth and Environment Boston University MA Boston USA B. Wang Contribution: Conceptualization Methodology Formal analysis Investigation Resources Writing - original draft Writing - review & editing Visualization Contribution: Conceptualization Methodology Formal analysis Investigation Resources Data curation Writing - review & editing Supervision Project administration Funding acquisition Contribution: Resources Writing - review & editing Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Virginia Tech VA Blacksburg USA Now at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA Chemical Sciences Laboratory NOAA Earth System Research Laboratories CO Boulder USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences University of Colorado CO Boulder USA Contribution: Methodology Resources Writing - review & editing Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory NCAR CO Boulder USA Contribution: Conceptualization Resources Writing - review & editing

Coastal urban environments face unique challenges associated with air quality-meteorology interactions. In this study, high resolution chemical transport modeling over the Greater Boston area was performed to improve our understanding of sea breezes impacts on the spatiotemporal variability of primary and secondary pollutants. We perform WRF-Chem simulations at 3 km resolution over June 22 to 10 July 2019 (a period that included 10 sea breeze occurrences), and use Pandora tropospheric NO 2 column, surface air quality monitoring, and vertical meteorological aircraft profiles for evaluation. The model generally reproduces observed spatiotemporal variability of air pollution during sea breezes well. Tropospheric columns of NO 2 predicted by the model and observed by the Pandora instrument show that sea breezes are associated with rapid increases and steep gradients in tropospheric NO 2 and confirm accumulation of local primary emissions. Spatial heterogeneity in tropospheric NO 2 is strongly governed by inland penetration lengths of the sea breeze front. Process diagnostics show that three sea-breeze days where O 3 observations recorded hourly concentrations >70 ppb have both efficient net chemical O 3 production in the boundary layer (>10 ppb/hr) and rapid O 3 convergence in the near-surface convergence zone (>20 ppb/hr). During sea breezes, interactions between photochemistry, the convergence zone inland penetration, and urban NO x titration effects, contribute to strong heterogeneity and high O 3 inland that is not captured by the current monitoring network. We discuss monitoring needs and model applications for the sea breeze scenarios, with broad implications for air quality monitoring in coastal urban environments. High resolution WRF-Chem modeling reproduces observed spatiotemporal variability of NO 2 and O 3 during sea breezes in the Greater Boston area Model results suggest high O 3 pollution and NO 2 column spatial variability associated with sea breezes is n

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Vision-based Semantic Mapping and Localization for Autonomous Indoor Parking

Vision-based Semantic Mapping and Localization for Autonomou...

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2018 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, IV 2018

作者： Huang, Yewei Zhao, Junqiao He, Xudong Zhang, Shaoming Feng, Tiantian Key Laboratory of Embedded System and Service Computing Ministry of Education Tongji University Shanghai China Department of Computer Science and Technology School of Electronics and Information Engineering Tongji University Shanghai China School of Surveying and Geo-Informatics Tongji University Shanghai China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538644522

In this paper, we proposed a novel and practical solution for the real-time indoor localization of autonomous driving in parking lots. High-level landmarks, the parking slots, are extracted and enriched with labels to avoid the aliasing of low-level visual features. We then proposed a robust method for detecting incorrect data associations between parking slots and further extended the optimization framework by dynamically eliminating suboptimal data associations. Visual fiducial markers are introduced to improve the overall precision. As a result, a semantic map of the parking lot can be established fully automatically and robustly. We experimented the performance of real-time localization based on the map using our autonomous driving platform TiEV, and the average accuracy of 0.3m track tracing can be achieved at a speed of 10kph. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Autonomous vehicles

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A Deep Learning Framework for Optimization of MISO Downlink Beamforming

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Xia, Wenchao Zheng, Gan Zhu, Yongxu Zhang, Jun Wang, Jiangzhou Petropulu, Athina P. IEEE Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Wireless Communications Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications Nanjing210003 China Wolfson School of Mechanical Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering Loughborough University LeicestershireLE11 3TU United Kingdom School of Engineering and Digital Arts University of Kent KentCT2 7NT United Kingdom Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering Rutgers State University of New Jersey PiscatawayNJ08854

Beamforming is an effective means to improve the quality of the received signals in multiuser multiple-input-single-output (MISO) systems. This paper studies fast optimal downlink beamforming strategies by leveraging the powerful deep learning techniques. Traditionally, finding the optimal beamforming solution relies on iterative algorithms which leads to high computational delay and is thus not suitable for real-time implementation. In this paper, we propose a deep learning framework for the optimization of downlink beamforming. In particular, the solution is obtained based on convolutional neural networks and exploitation of expert knowledge, such as the uplink-downlink duality and the structure of known optimal solutions. Using this framework, we construct three beamforming neural networks (BNNs) for three typical optimization problems, i.e., the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) balancing problem, the power minimization problem and the sum rate maximization problem. The BNNs for the former two problems adopt the supervised learning approach, while the BNN for the sum rate maximization problem employs a hybrid method of supervised and unsupervised learning to improve the performance beyond the state of the art. Simulation results show that with much reduced computational complexity, the BNNs can achieve near-optimal solutions to the SINR balancing and power minimization problems, and outperform the existing algorithms that maximize the sum rate. In summary, this work paves the way for fast realization of the optimal beamforming in multiuser MISO systems. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Beamforming

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Exploration of intercell wireless millimeter-wave communication in the landscape of intelligent metasurfaces

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Tasolamprou, Anna C. Pitilakis, Alexandros Abadal, Sergi Tsilipakos, Odysseas Timoneda, Xavier Taghvaee, Hamidreza Mirmoosa, Mohammad Sajjad Liu, Fu Liaskos, Christos Tsioliaridou, Ageliki Kantartzis, Nikolaos V. Manessis, Dionysios Georgiou, Julius Cabellos-Aparicio, Albert Alarcón, Eduard Pitsillides, Andreas Akyildiz, Ian Tretyakov, Sergei A. Economou, Eleftherios N. Kafesaki, Maria Soukoulis, Costas M. Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas Heraklion Crete71110 Greece Electrical and Computer Engineering Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Department Thessaloniki54124 Greece Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya Barcelona Spain Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering Aalto University P.O. Box 15500 AaltoFI-00076 Finland System Integration and Interconnection Technologies Fraunhofer IZM Berlin Germany Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Cyprus Cyprus Department of Computer Science University of Cyprus Cyprus Georgia Institute of Technology School of Electrical and Computer Engineering United States Department of Physics University of Crete Heraklion Crete70013 Greece Department of Materials Science and Technology University of Crete Heraklion Crete70013 Greece Ames Laboratory Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States

Software-defined metasurfaces are electromagnetically ultra-thin, artificial components that can provide engineered and externally controllable functionalities. The control over these functionalities is enabled by the metasurface tunability, which is implemented by embedded electronic circuits that modify locally the surface resistance and reactance. Integrating controllers within the metasurface cells, able to intercommunicate and adaptively reconfigure it, thus imparting a desired electromagnetic operation, opens the path towards the creation of an artificially intelligent (AI) fabric where each unit cell can have its own sensing, programmable computing, and actuation facilities. In this work we take a crucial step towards bringing the AI metasurface technology to emerging applications, in particular exploring the wireless mm-wave intercell communication capabilities in a software-defined HyperSurface designed for operation is the microwave regime. We examine three different wireless communication channels within the landscape of the reflective metasurface: Firstly, in the layer where the control electronics of the HyperSurface lie, secondly inside a dedicated layer enclosed between two metallic plates, and, thirdly, inside the metasurface itself. For each case we examine the physical implementation of the mm-wave transponder nodes, we quantify communication channel metrics, and we identify complexity vs. performance trade-offs. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Millimeter waves

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Common Limitations of Image Processing Metrics: A Picture Story

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Reinke, Annika Tizabi, Minu D. Sudre, Carole H. Eisenmann, Matthias Rädsch, Tim Baumgartner, Michael Acion, Laura Antonelli, Michela Arbel, Tal Bakas, Spyridon Bankhead, Peter Benis, Arriel Blaschko, Matthew Buettner, Florian Cardoso, M. Jorge Chen, Jianxu Cheplygina, Veronika Christodoulou, Evangelia Cimini, Beth A. Collins, Gary S. Engelhardt, Sandy Farahani, Keyvan Ferrer, Luciana Galdran, Adrian van Ginneken, Bram Glocker, Ben Godau, Patrick Haase, Robert Hamprecht, Fred Hashimoto, Daniel A. Heckmann-Nötzel, Doreen Hirsch, Peter Hoffman, Michael M. Huisman, Merel Isensee, Fabian Jannin, Pierre Kahn, Charles E. Kainmueller, Dagmar Kainz, Bernhard Karargyris, Alexandros Karthikesalingam, Alan Kavur, A. Emre Kenngott, Hannes Kleesiek, Jens Kleppe, Andreas Koehler, Sven Kofler, Florian Kopp-Schneider, Annette Kooi, Thijs Kozubek, Michal Kreshuk, Anna Kurc, Tahsin Landman, Bennett A. Litjens, Geert Madani, Amin Maier-Hein, Klaus Martel, Anne L. Mattson, Peter Meijering, Erik Menze, Bjoern Moher, David Moons, Karel G.M. Müller, Henning Nichyporuk, Brennan Nickel, Felix Noyan, M. Alican Petersen, Jens Polat, Gorkem Rafelski, Susanne M. Rajpoot, Nasir Reyes, Mauricio Rieke, Nicola Riegler, Michael A. Rivaz, Hassan Saez-Rodriguez, Julio Sánchez, Clara I. Schroeter, Julien Saha, Anindo Selver, M. Alper Sharan, Lalith Shetty, Shravya Smeden, Maarten V.A.N. Stieltjes, Bram Summers, Ronald M. Taha, Abdel A. Tiulpin, Aleksei Tsaftaris, Sotirios A. Calster, Ben V.A.N. Varoquaux, Gaël Wiesenfarth, Manuel Yaniv, Ziv R. Jäger, Paul Maier-Hein, Lena Division of Intelligent Medical Systems and HI Helmholtz Imaging Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Intelligent Medical Systems Heidelberg Germany NCT Heidelberg DKFZ University Medical Center Heidelberg Germany MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing Department of Computer Science University College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Science King’s College London London United Kingdom Division of Medical Image Computing Heidelberg Germany Instituto de Cálculo CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centre for Medical Image Computing University College London London United Kingdom McGill University Montréal Canada Division of Computational Pathology Dept of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine Indiana University School of Medicine IU Health Information and Translational Sciences Building Indianapolis United States University of Pennsylvania Richards Medical Research Laboratories FL7 PhiladelphiaPA United States Institute of Genetics and Cancer University of Edinburgh Edinburgh United Kingdom Department of Digital Medical Technologies Holon Institute of Technology Holon Israel European Federation for Medical Informatics Le Mont-sur-Lausanne Switzerland Center for Processing Speech and Images Department of Electrical Engineering KU Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 - box 2441 Leuven3001 Belgium Frankfurt/Mainz DKFZ UCT Frankfurt-Marburg Germany Heidelberg Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Medicine Germany Goethe University Frankfurt Department of Informatics Germany Frankfurt Cancer Insititute Germany Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften – ISAS – e.V. Dortmund Germany Department of Computer Science IT University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark Imaging Platform Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard CambridgeMA United States Centre for St

While the importance of automatic image analysis is continuously increasing, recent meta-research revealed major flaws with respect to algorithm validation. Performance metrics are particularly key for meaningful, objective, and transparent performance assessment and validation of the used automatic algorithms, but relatively little attention has been given to the practical pitfalls when using specific metrics for a given image analysis task. These are typically related to (1) the disregard of inherent metric properties, such as the behaviour in the presence of class imbalance or small target structures, (2) the disregard of inherent data set properties, such as the non-independence of the test cases, and (3) the disregard of the actual biomedical domain interest that the metrics should reflect. This living dynamically document has the purpose to illustrate important limitations of performance metrics commonly applied in the field of image analysis. In this context, it focuses on biomedical image analysis problems that can be phrased as image-level classification, semantic segmentation, instance segmentation, or object detection task. The current version is based on a Delphi process on metrics conducted by an international consortium of image analysis experts from more than 60 institutions worldwide. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Medical imaging

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Insulation Simulation Analysis of Press-Pack IGBT

Insulation Simulation Analysis of Press-Pack IGBT

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China International Electrical and Energy Conference (CIEEC)

作者： Yuzhe Liu Chaoqun Jiao Zhibin Zhao Chengzong Pang Yuanliang Fan School of Electrical Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University Beijing China State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources North China Electric Power University Beijing China Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Wichita State University Wichita USA Fujian Provincial Enterprise Key Laboratory of High Reliable Electric Power Distribution Technology State Grid Fujian Electric Power Research Institute Fuzhou China

ISBN: (数字)9781728116754

ISBN: (纸本)9781728116761

In high voltage applications such as power grid and rail transportation, IGBT devices generally operate under very harsh conditions, which places high demands on device reliability. In this paper, the electric field distribution of silicon chip termination area and press-pack IGBT package structure under high voltage reverse bias experimental conditions is simulated by Fem software. The results indicate the potential electrical insulation failure areas in the package model and the corresponding optimization measures are proposed. To some extent, the problem of breakdown discharge of IGBT devices during operation is alleviated.

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PISTA-SENSE-ResNet for Parallel MRI Reconstruction

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Lu, Tieyuan Zhang, Xinlin Huang, Yihui Yang, Yonggui Guo, Gang Bao, Lijun Huang, Feng Guo, Di Qu, Xiaobo Xiamen University Xiamen China Department of Radiology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College Xiamen China Neusoft Medical System Shanghai China Fujian Provincial University Key Laboratory of Internet of Things Application Technology School of Computer and Information Engineering Xiamen University of Technology Xiamen China

Magnetic resonance imaging has been widely applied in clinical diagnosis, however, is limited by its long data acquisition time. Although imaging can be accelerated by sparse sampling and parallel imaging, achieving promising reconstruction images with a fast reconstruction speed remains a challenge. Recently, deep learning approaches have attracted a lot of attention for its encouraging reconstruction results but without a proper interpretability. In this letter, to enable high-quality image reconstruction for the parallel magnetic resonance imaging, we design the network structure from the perspective of sparse iterative reconstruction and enhance it with the residual structure. The experimental results of a public knee dataset show that compared with the optimization-based method and the latest deep learning parallel imaging methods, the proposed network has less error in reconstruction and is more stable under different acceleration factors. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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Parallel Implementation for Real Time Person Matching system

Parallel Implementation for Real Time Person Matching System

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International Conference on Microelectronics, ICM

作者： Nesrine Abid Tarek Ouni Kais Loukil Mohamed Abid Ahmed Chiheb Ammeri Laboratory of Computer and Embedded Systems National School of Engineering of Sfax SFAX TUNISIA Digital Research Center SFAX TUNISIA Electrical and Computer Engineering Department College of Engineering Sultan Qaboos University Al-Khod Muscat Sultanate of Oman

ISBN: (纸本)9781538681688;9781538681671

Local Binary Pattern multi-scale covariance descriptor (LBP_MSCOV) has been proved to be robust for video surveillance applications such as person detection, tracking and re-identification. Matching technique has recently grown in interest. It can be used to design person detection, tracking and re-identification. However, the original version is difficult to execute in real time. It requires a large data set and complex operations. Parallel implementation is adopted to achieve real time constraints. In this paper, we propose an optimized parallel model of a person matching algorithm based on LBP_MSCOV. For this end, a high-level parallelization approach based on the exploration of task and data levels of parallelism is adopted. First, an initial model is defined using only task-level parallelism. Second, this model is validated and analyzed at a high level of abstraction. Using the communication and computation workload results, the potential bottlenecks of this model are then identified. Concurrent optimizations are then performed to propose an optimized parallel model with the best workload balance. Finally, this model is validated and prototyped using a dual-core ARM-Cortex-A9architecture achieving up to 20.21 fps processing performance.

关键词： Computational modeling Feature extraction Microsoft Windows Microelectronics Task analysis Covariance matrices Real-time systems

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Ontology-Based Academic Article Recommendation 15

Ontology-Based Academic Article Recommendation

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15th International computer Conference on Wavelet Active Media Technology and Information Processing, ICCWAMTIP 2018

作者： Chughtai, Gohar Rehman Lee, Jia Kabir, Asif Abbasi, Rashid Shehzad Hassan, Muhammad Arshad College of Computer Science Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China Department of Computer Science University of Kotli AJ and K Kotli11100 Pakistan College of Computer Science and Technology Anhui University Hefei230601 China State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment System Security and New Technology School of Electrical Engineering Chongqing University Chongqing400044 China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728115351

The qualitative analysis of scientific production in the tome of scientific literature is based on the article recommendation to peer reviewers by the venues (journal, conferences), which is usually done by editor of any venue. The better classification of an article depends upon the ontologies or concepts presented in it. It has been observed that venues provide a very abstract classification of the topic which can't be topic-specific classification. In this write-up, we have proposed ontology-based category classification of an article which is not only extracted through the particular article but also from the cited articles which can give us more insight into the topic-specific categorization and also give us the homogeneity of ontologies of the cited article with reference to any particular article. Simulation has been done over the data set from the web of science. For the better understanding and its implication, we narrow our data set to just computer science subject. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Ontology

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Assessment of a quality control procedure of hourly solar irradiations at Fez city, Morocco

Assessment of a quality control procedure of hourly solar ir...

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International Conference on Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency 2017, REEE 2017

作者： Bounoua, Z. Marzouq, M. Mechaqrane, A. Laboratory of Renewable Energies and Intelligent System Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez PO. Box 2202 Fez Morocco Laboratory of Computer Sciences and Interdisciplinary Physics National School of Applied Sciences Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University Fez Morocco

In order to properly dimension solar power plants, it is necessary to have long series of relevant measurements of the available solar components at the site chosen for the installation. It is, however, well known that the quality of the measurements of solar irradiations can fail from time to time. Therefore, a quality control of the recorded data must be carried out before their use. This paper describes an assessment of a quality control procedure which is implemented for the hourly horizontal global and diffuse solar irradiations. A set of four quality control tests are applied to remove the erroneous data. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Quality control

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