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IEEE Open Journal of engineering in Medicine and Biology 2024年 5卷 180-190页

作者： Huang, Kuan-Chih Tseng, Chun-Ying Lin, Chin-Teng National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Brain Science and Technology Center Hsinchu300 Taiwan University of Technology Sydney Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute Faculty of Engineering and IT SydneyNSW2007 Australia National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Brain Science and Technology Center Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Hsinchu300 Taiwan

A significant issue for traffic safety has been drowsy driving for decades. A number of studies have investigated the effects of acute fatigue on spectral power;and recent research has revealed that drowsy driving is associated with a variety of brain connections in a specific cortico-cortical pathway. In spite of this, it is still unclear how different brain regions are connected in drowsy driving at different levels of daily fatigue. This study identified the brain connectivity-behavior relationship among three different daily fatigue levels (low-, median-and high-fatigue) with the EEG data transfer entropy. According to the results, only low-and medium-fatigue groups demonstrated an inverted U-shaped change in connectivity from high performance to poor behavioral performance. In addition, from low-to high-fatigue groups, connectivity magnitude decreased in the frontal region and increased in the occipital region. These study results suggest that brain connectivity and driving behavior would be affected by different levels of daily fatigue. © 2020 IEEE.

关键词： Electroencephalography

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A novel deep learning approach for automated grading of knee osteoarthritis severity

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年 1-20页

作者： Kaur, PrabSimran Kohli, Guneet Singh Bedi, Jatin Wasly, Saud Department of Computer Science and Engineering Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Punjab Patiala India Electrical and Computer Engineering Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah22254 Saudi Arabia Center of Excellence in Intelligent Engineering Systems King Abdulaziz University Jeddah22254 Saudi Arabia

Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent musculoskeletal disorder that affects the knee joint that causes pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. It is also known as "Degenerative Joint Disease" and is caused by the degeneration of cartilage in the knee joint, leading to bone-on-bone contact and further damage. Knee OA is prevalent in the population, affecting around 22% to 39% of people in India, and there is currently no treatment available that can halt the progression of the disease. Therefore, early diagnosis and management of symptoms are essential to reduce its impact on an individual’s quality of life. To address this issue, have introduced a framework that leverages ConvNeXt architecture, a modernization of ResNets (ResNet-50) architecture towards Hierarchical Transformers (Swin Transformers), to provide accurate identification and classification of knee osteoarthritis. The classification of knee osteoarthritis was done using the Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) graded X-ray images. These images of the damaged knees are preprocessed and augmented, creating a scaled, enhanced, and varied version of the features, thus making the data fitter and more significant for classification. The performance estimation of the proposed strategy is conducted on the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI), a research project focused on knee osteoarthritis that works in partnership with NIH and other private industries to develop a public domain dataset that can facilitate research and evaluation. It involves training the prepared data using various hyper-tuned versions of ConvNeXt. The different fine-tuned results of the ConvNeXt models on each KL Grade are evaluated against the other state-of-the-art models and vision transformers. The comparative assessment of widely used performance measures shows that the proposed approach outperforms the conventional models by generating the highest score for all the KL grades. Lastly, an approach is employed to statistically confirm the validity of t

关键词： Joints (anatomy)

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Idecomp: imbalance-aware decomposition for class-decomposed classification using conditional GANs

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Discover Artificial Intelligence 2023年第1期3卷 31页

作者： Buczek, Patryk Zidan, Usama Gaber, Mohamed Medhat Abdelsamea, Mohammed M. School of Computing and Digital Technology Birmingham City University Birmingham100190 United Kingdom Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering Galala University Suez435611 Egypt Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computers and Information Assiut University Assiut71515 Egypt

Medical image classification tasks frequently encounter challenges associated with class imbalance, resulting in biased model training and suboptimal classification performance. To address this issue, the combination of class decomposition and transfer learning has proven to be effective in classifying imbalanced medical imaging datasets. Nevertheless, in order to further augment the performance gains achieved through the utilisation of class decomposition within deep learning frameworks, we propose a novel model coined imbalance-Aware Decomposition for Class-Decomposed Classification (iDeComp) model. By incorporating a conditional Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) model, iDeComp is capable of generating additional samples specifically tailored to underrepresented decomposed subclasses. This paper investigates the application of iDeComp using two different medical imaging datasets. iDeComp selects underrepresented samples from the training set of the sublevel classes within each dataset, which are then employed to train separate conditional Deep Convolutional GAN (DCGAN) models and verification models. The conditional DCGAN model is responsible for generating additional samples, while the verification model critically evaluates the appropriateness of the synthesised images. Subsequently, the resulting augmented samples are utilized to train the classification model. To assess the effectiveness of iDeComp, we employ various evaluation metrics including accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. The results obtained from our experiments clearly indicate that iDeComp outperforms existing approaches in terms of classifying both imbalanced datasets. © The Author(s) 2023.

关键词： Generative adversarial networks

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Highly efficient ternary organic solar cells with excellent open-circuit voltage and fill factor via precisely tuning molecular stacking and morphology

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science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 963-972页

作者： Dinghong Sun Zhenyu Chen Jianfeng Zhang Wei Song Jingyu Shi Jintao Zhu Yuanyuan Meng Fei Jin Shuncheng Yang Ziyi Ge Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Faculty of Material Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Energy Optoelectronic Materials and Devices Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology&EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham NingboNingbo 315100China

The micro-morphology and molecular stacking play a key role in determining the charge transport process and nonradiative energy loss, thus impacting the performances of organic solar cells(OSCs). To address this issue, a non-fullerene acceptor PhC6-IC-F with alkylbenzene side-chain, possessing optimized molecular stacking, complementary absorption spectra and forming a cascade energy level alignment in the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend, is introduced as guest acceptor to improve efficiency of ternary OSCs. The bulky phenyl in the side-chain can regulate crystallinity and optimizing phase separation between receptors in ternary blend films, resulting in the optimal phase separations in the ternary films. As a result, high efficiencies of 18.33% as photovoltaic layer are obtained for PhC6-IC-F-based ternary devices with excellent fill factor(FF) of 78.92%. Impressively, the ternary system produces a significantly improved open circuit voltage(V_(oc)) of 0.857 V compared with the binary device,contributing to the reduced density of trap states and suppressed non-radiative recombination result in lower energy loss. This work demonstrates an effective approach for adjusting the aggregation, molecular packing and fine phase separation morphology to increase V_(oc) and FF, paving the way toward high-efficiency OSCs.

关键词： alkylbenzene side-chain morphology regulation ternary blends organic solar cells

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Less Traces Are All It Takes: Efficient Side-Channel Analysis on AES

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IEEE Transactions on computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems 2024年第6期44卷 2080-2092页

作者： Xiao, Zhiyuan Wang, Chen Shen, Jian Wu, Q. M. Jonathan He, Debiao Zhejiang Sci-Tech University School of Information Science and Engineering School of Cyber Science and Technology the Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Fashion and Data Governance Zhejiang Provincial International Cooperation Base for Science and Technology on Cloud Computing Security and Data Aggregation Hangzhou310018 China University of Windsor Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering WindsorON Canada Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Software Engineering Computer School Wuhan430072 China

In cryptography, side-channel analysis (SCA) is a technique used to recover cryptographic keys by examining the physical leakages that occur during the operation of cryptographic devices. Recent advancements in Deep Learning (DL) have greatly enhanced the extraction of crucial information from intricate leakage patterns. A considerable amount of research is dedicated to studying the SubByte (SB) operations of the advanced encryption standard (AES). This is because the SB process, which generates numerous transitions between 0s and 1s during encryption, results in significant energy leakage. However, traditional analysis models primarily focus on the initial round of SB operations in AES, which are less effective on mobile terminals where it is difficult to collect enough signals. These models often neglect additional operations and subsequent rounds, thus providing limited insights from small datasets. Consequently, this limitation has a direct impact on the accuracy and efficiency of key recovery. Our study uses ρ-test analysis to show that significant leakage occurs not only during the S-box operation but also during the AddRoundKey (AR) phase of AES. To address these challenges, we propose a new SCA method that is optimized for small sample sizes. This method includes a new comprehensive round trace labeling algorithm, which simultaneously analyzes the SB and AR stages of each AES round. Additionally, we introduce the peak precise localization algorithm to accurately identify the points of energy leakage during each encryption round. Our experiments, conducted with power and Electromagnetic (EM) datasets from the STM32F303 microcontroller, demonstrate that our method can reliably recover keys with as few as 20 traces. These results highlight the enhanced capability of our method in handling the complexities of small sample datasets in cryptographic analysis. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Information leakage

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Ultimately Bounded Output Feedback Control for Networked Nonlinear Systems With Unreliable Communication Channel: A Buffer-Aided Strategy

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1566-1578页

作者： Yuhan Zhang Zidong Wang Lei Zou Yun Chen Guoping Lu the College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China IEEE the Department of Computer Science Brunel UniversityUB83PHUnited Kingdom the College of Information Science and Technology Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620 the Engineering Research Center of Digitalized Textile and Fashion Technology Ministry of EducationShanghai 201620China the School of Automation Hangzhou Dianzi UniversityHangzhou 310018China the School of Electrical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019China

This paper concerns ultimately bounded output-feedback control problems for networked systems with unknown nonlinear dynamics. Sensor-to-observer signal transmission is facilitated over networks that has communication *** transmissions are carried out over an unreliable communication channel. In order to enhance the utilization rate of measurement data, a buffer-aided strategy is novelly employed to store historical measurements when communication networks are inaccessible. Using the neural network technique, a novel observer-based controller is introduced to address effects of signal transmission behaviors and unknown nonlinear *** the application of stochastic analysis and Lyapunov stability, a joint framework is constructed for analyzing resultant system performance under the introduced controller. Subsequently, existence conditions for the desired output-feedback controller are delineated. The required parameters for the observerbased controller are then determined by resolving some specific matrix inequalities. Finally, a simulation example is showcased to confirm method efficacy.

关键词： Buffer-aided strategy neural networks nonlinear control output-feedback control unreliable communication channel

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⁠Marine Ecosystem Monitoring Based on Remote Sensing Using Underwater Image Analysis for Biodiversity Conservation Model

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Remote Sensing in Earth Systems sciences 2024年第4期7卷 309-318页

作者： Rao, Chandana Narasimha Rao, A. Venkateswara Shanmugasundar, G. Hamid, Junainah Abd Haldorai, Anandakumar Naidu, G. Rama Sapthami, I. Department of Chemistry Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation Green Fields Vaddeswaram Andhra Pradesh Guntur 522302 India Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri Sairam Institute of Technology Chennai 600044 India Management and Science University Selangor Shah Alam Malaysia Center for Future Networks and Digital Twin Department of Computer Science and Engineering Sri Eshwar College of Engineering Tamil Nadu Coimbatore 641202 India Department of Electronics & amp Communication Engineering Aditya University Surampalem India Department of Computer Science and Engineering MLR Institute of Technology Hyderabad India

The growing focus on underwater observation and use of marine resources in recent years has led to an active research area in underwater image processing and analysis. Because of its importance in marine engineering as well as aquatic robotics, underwater picture enhancement serves as a preprocessing step to increase performance of high-level vision tasks like underwater object detection as well as recognition. While a number of studies demonstrate that underwater image enhancement methods (synthetic underwater environment image) increase the detectors’ F-measure, no research has examined the connection between these two jobs. This research proposed novel technique in remote sensing–based underwater image analysis in ecosystem monitoring in biodiversity conservation model using machine learning techniques. Here, the underwater-based remote sensing image based on marine ecosystem has been collected and analysed for noise removal with normalisation. The processed image feature extracted and classified using Gaussian spatial gradient neural network (GSGNN) and multilayer pyramid Bayes network (MPBN). The output images show coral surface texture. The experimental analysis has been carried out for various underwater dataset in terms of kappa coefficient, classification accuracy, random precision, F-measure, and normalised square error. Proposed technique kappa coefficient is 94%, classification accuracy is 98%, random precision is 95%, F-measure is 93%, and Normalised square error is 63%. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024.

关键词： Biodiversity conservation model Ecosystem monitoring Machine learning Remote sensing Underwater image analysis

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A hybrid bi-objective scheduling algorithm for execution of scientific workflows on cloud platforms with execution time and reliability approach

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Journal of Supercomputing 2023年第2期79卷 1451-1503页

作者： Asghari Alaie, Yeganeh Hosseini Shirvani, Mirsaeid Rahmani, Amir Masoud Department of Computer Engineering Sari Branch Islamic Azad University Sari Iran Future Technology Research Center National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin Taiwan

Heterogeneous cloud datacenters are well-suited and cost-efficient platforms for execution of scientific workflows requested from academics. Workflow scheduling algorithms have drastic impacts on the objectives that stakeholders in the system expect. This paper models the scientific workflow scheduling issue to a bi-objective optimization problem with makespan and reliability optimization approach because the users not only expect to have quick response, but also they need reliable executions. To address the issue, a new system framework and different concepts are introduced. A centralized log as a repository module is embedded in the system framework to register all kinds of system failures. In addition to, the new scheduling failure factor (SFF), which has reciprocal relation with system reliability, is defined. Therefore, the broker module quantifies the failure proneness of all resources and the most reliable ones are incorporated in scheduling model. The aforementioned scheduling model is then formulated to a bi-objective optimization problem with makespan and SFF minimization viewpoint which is an NP-Hard problem. To solve this combinatorial problem, a hybrid bi-objective discrete cuckoo search algorithm (HDCSA) is proposed. The proposed hybrid algorithm utilizes different novel Levy flight operators commensurate with discrete search space that makes good balance between exploration and exploitation in optimization process. The proposed HDCSA was validated in 12 extensive scenarios that were conducted on both symmetric and asymmetric scientific workflows in different conditions. The final results prove that the proposed bi-objective HDCSA scheduler has the amount of 22.11%, 12.97%, 11.81%, 12.18%, and 12.42% on average improvement against other state-of-the-arts in terms of makespan, SFF, speedup, efficiency, and SLR, respectively, which are prominent performance evaluation metrics is this scheduling domain. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Sp

关键词： Scheduling

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Vision-Based Navigation for a Small-Sized Drone: A Simple AI Strategy at IMAV'22

Vision-Based Navigation for a Small-Sized Drone: A Simple AI...

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2024 IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics and Innovations, ICCI 2024

作者： Farooq, Adil Nain Zukhraf, Syeda Zillay Shafi, Sadman Kamal, Mohsin Chumuang, Narumol University Of Cyprus Department Of Electrical And Computer Engineering Cyprus Penn State University Department Of Electrical Engineering United States National University Of Sciences And Technology School Of Electrical Engineering And Computer Science Pakistan Muban Chombueng Rajabhat University Department Of Digital Media Technology Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370096

Autonomous drone racing competitions serve as a testing ground for enhancing the perceptual, planning, and control aspects of micro unmanned aerial vehicles (MAVs). This study thoroughly outlines the strategy, methodology, and technical development of a lightweight collision avoidance module for small drones, employed during our participation in the IMAV 2022 Nanocopter AI Challenge held at TU Delft, The Nether-lands. Tailored for nano-sized drones, this competition presented challenges related to agile maneuvers, obstacle avoidance, and navigation in a dynamic indoor arena. We provide detailed insights into our obstacle avoidance algorithm, employing an AI computer vision approach and showcasing its robust performance in dynamic environments. The accuracy of the proposed strategy was verified through simulation testing, highlighting the effectiveness of our approach in a simulated Webots environment across diverse parameter settings. The shared insights aim to contribute significantly to the ongoing evolution of autonomous drone navigation. Moreover, the simulation of our proposed strategy can be seen on the YouTube video link: https://***/HVZPAfyf57M. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Drones

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'User AR' - Leveraging AI Based Augmented Reality for User Manuals 15

'User AR' - Leveraging AI Based Augmented Reality for User M...

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15th International Conference on Computing Communication and Networking Technologies, ICCCNT 2024

作者： Shanmugam, Thirumurugan Chandrashekar, Chirag Bhati, Vipin Subburaj, Maheswari Sivaraman, Arun Kumar Sultana, Ajmery University of Technology and Applied Sciences College of Computing and Information Sciences Suhar Oman Vellore Institute of Technology School of Computer Science and Engineering Chennai India Photon Interactive Inc Digital Engineering Solution Center TorontoON Canada Algoma University School of Computer Science and Technology BramptonON Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9798350370249

The objective of this research is to propose an AI based novel augmented reality (AR) software to assist users in operating a wide range of technical and non-technical devices. The project's aim is to make this AR application, which provides detailed explanations of all the device's functions, more widely used than traditional user manuals. Augmented reality, which overlays digital information onto the real world, can be employed to develop an AR-based user manual for products or devices. Mobile applications that use a camera to recognize a product or device and display dynamic graphics, such as 3 D models, animations, or text, are one example of AR user manuals. These augmented reality user manuals enable consumers to quickly and easily learn how to operate, assemble, repair, or troubleshoot their purchased products. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm was able to recognize the object accurately with a percentage of 95.2%. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Artificial Intelligence Augmented reality (AR) Object Recognition

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