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Advances in aircraft carrier life cycle cost analysis for acquisition and ownership decision-making

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第3期112卷 97-110页

作者： Chewning, IM Moretto, SJ Irvin M. Chewning:is currently the Director of the Aircraft Carrier Cost Estimating and Industrial Analysis Group of the Naval Sea Systems Command. Over the past four years Mr. Chewning has guided the cost analysis effort for the new CVNX class aircraft carrier through a three-part analysis of alternatives and is currently steering it towards Milestone I in June of 2000. In 1999 the CVNX cost analysis team was presented the NAVSEA Association of Scientists and Engineers “outstanding team achievement” award for its work on the CVNX analysis of alternatives. Mr. Chewning's professional career includes over 16 years as an employee of Newport News Shipbuilding as a Pipe Fitter Piping Systems Designer Piping Systems Engineer and Cost Engineer. He has worked at the Naval Sea Systems Command since 1980 as a Senior Cost Analyst Branch Head and Deputy Division Director of the Cost Estimating and Analysis Division. He has preformed cost analysis work for virtually all USN combatant programs including submarines cruisers destroyers frigates and aircraft carriers. He also performed the cost analysis work for the OSD evaluation of the Israeli Naval Modernization Program in the 1980's. Mr. Chewning is also Chairman of the NATO Specialist Team on Ship Costing a subgroup of the NATO Naval Group Six on Ship Design. Under his leadership two Allied Naval Engineering Publications have been completed in the 1990's: ANEP-41 on Ship Costing and ANEP-49 on Ways to Reduce Costs of Ships. In 1999 the NATO Specialist Team on Ship Costing completed a paper titled “Manpower Reduction and the Use of Commercial Standards and Practices to Reduce Costs of Ships.” The result of this work will be incorporated in a future revision of the aforementioned ANEFs. Mr. Chewning is a graduate of North Carolina State University with a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering. Mr. Chewning has also completed courses at the University of Virginia and Christopher Newport University Mr. Chewning is a graduate of the Program Management College

The U.S. Navy recently conducted an analysis of alternatives (AOA) to set the stage for determining the characteristics and acquisition strategy for its next generation aircraft carrier. The platform design selected is expected to be in service throughout the 21st century. The parameters under consideration for change in the new carrier design lie in the areas of propulsion and electric power generation, aviation, survivability, service life, and total ownership cost (TOC) reduction. The issue of affordability is paramount This paper focuses on the need for the program management office and its supporting cost analysis staff to understand the life cycle cost (LCC) of the existing and proposed future aircraft carriers and to then translate these LCC's into meaningful information for cost-conscious decision making. The challenge is to relate the LCC in terms the key decision-makers and the engineering team can use to satisfy their respective roles. Thus, it is necessary to translate the results of the given ship design alternative LCC's into the paradigms of the respective stakeholders: Fleet User (operators of aircraft carriers) Ship Designers (translators of the fleet operator requirements) program Sponsors (providers of the funding resources) program Management Office, Ship builder and Supporting Industry (executors of the acquisition and construction of the ship) Navy and OSD decision-makers (overseers of program execution) The paper describes the aircraft carrier LCC breakdown structure that has resulted, in part, from a recent navy/shipbuilder integrated product team effort to capture total ownership costs. The structure has been used in the AOA as a tool to identify cost drivers and to add the time element to the cast equation in order to perform return on investment and program affordability analysis. The expanded ship work breakdown structure (ESWBS) has emerged as the central backbone of the cost work breakdown for AOA work. The ESWBS structure is a natural

关键词： Aircraft carriers

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Principles, Politics, and Humanitarian Action

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Ethics and International Affairs 1999年第1期13卷 1-22页

作者： Weiss, Thomas G. Presidential Professor of Political Science at The Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York. As Research Professor at Brown University's Thomas J. Watson Jr. Institute for International Studies (1990-98) he held several administrative assignments (including Director of the Global Security Program and Associate Dean of the Faculty) was Executive Director of the Academic Council on the UN System and codirected the Humanitarianism and War Project. His most recent book is Military-Civilian Interactions: Intervening in Humanitarian Crises (Rowman & Littlefield 1999). For their thoughtful suggestions and comments on earlier versions of this essay I would like to thank David P. Forsythe S. Neil MacFarlane Ian McAllister Larry Minear and Peter Uvin as well as the International Committee of the Red Cross for having challenged me to develop these ideas for the Second Wolfsberg Humanitarian Forum June 5–7 1998. Responsibility for the views expressed and any remaining errors in fact or interpretation are mine.

The tragedies of the past decade have led to an identity crisis among humanitarians. Respecting traditional principles of neutrality and impartiality and operating procedures based on consent has created as many problems as it has solved. A debate is raging between “classicists,” who believe that humanitarian action can be insulated from politics, and various “political humanitarians,” who are attempting to use politics to improve relief and delivery in war zonesThis essay examines the pros and cons of impartial versus political humanitarianism and differing approaches across a spectrum of actors, including the classicists, led by the International Committee of the Red Cross, who believe that humanitarian action can and should be completely insulated from politics; the “minimalists,” who “aim to do no harm” in delivering relief; the “maximalists,” who have a more ambitious agenda of employing humanitarian action as part of a comprehensive strategy to transform conflict; and the “solidarists,” exemplified by Médecins Sans Frontières (Doctors without Borders), who choose sides and abandon neutrality and impartiality as well as reject consent as a prerequisite for intervention. The essay argues that there is no longer any need to ask whether politics and humanitarian action intersect. The real question is how this intersection can be managed to ensure more humanized politics and more effective humanitarian action.

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Engineering the environmentally sound warship for the twenty-first century

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1999年第3期111卷 189-217页

作者： Markle, SP Gill, SE McGraw, PS Udr. Stephen P. Markle USN is a career Engineering Duty officer assigned to Naval Sea Systems Command Arlington Virginia where he is Deputy Directs Environmental Programs Division (SEA 03L1 B). He is responsible fm program management activities associated with all ahat environmental protection equipment design and selection of environmental protection equipment and systems fm future surface ship designs (DD 21 CVN 7Z CW LPD 17) and serves on several teams designed to promote Nay wide awarmss of environmental protection requirements and Nay programs to meet these challenges. He is a 1993 graduate of the Naval Construction and Engineering Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology where he received a naval engineers degree and master of science in mechanical engineering. His interest in environmental issues predates his undergraduate studies at Syracuse Universityl State University of New Ymk College of Environmental Science and Fmestry where he received a bachelm of science degree in fmest engineering from the School of Environmental and Resource Engineering. LCdx Markle has qualified as a Surface Warfare Officer and in submarines through the Engineering Duty Dolphin Program he is a member of the Acquisition Professional Community and a graduate of the Defense Systems Management College Advanced Program Managers Course. He is a professional engineer registered in the State of New York and is a member ofthe American Society of Naval Engineers National Society of Professional Engineers American Society for Testing and Materials Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers and Society of Automotive Engineers. Peter 5. McGraw is current the Acting Branch Head ofthe Solid Waste Management Branch (Code 634) of the Environmental Quality Dwrtment of the Naval Surfice Warfare Centel: Carderock Division. As such he is responsible for among other things: the Shipboard Advanced Incinerator RDT&E Program the Submarine Plastic Waste RDT&E Program Solid Waste Processing Equipment Design Acquisitio

The past twenty-five years has been marked by the introduction ed marine environmental regulations that have had a profound effect on how ships are designed, built and operated. Ships being designed and built today must accommodate not only current regulations but anticipate those enacted over their thirty to fifty year life cycles. U.S. Chief of Naval Operations, Office of Environmental, Safety and Health (CNO N45) has articulated a vision for the Environmentally Sound Warship of the Twenty-first Century. This vision incorporates the "Sense of Congress" for a naval ship designed to operate in full compliance with environmental regulations worldwide. The task of the Navy engineering team is to translate this vision into reality;a ship capable of prevailing in time of war and able to conduct operations in all areas of the globe, unencumbered by special procedures for environmental compliance. The keys to this warship design are the early integration of environmentally sound principles, materials, and processes into the ship acquisition process;minimization of both hazardous materials and generation of post shipboard consumer waste during operation;adaptation of integrated systems to reduce the volume of wastes and enhance processing efficiency;reduced manpower requirements;and crew indoctrination in environmental protection.

关键词： Ships Environmental regulations Engineering ARTICULATED Navy environmental security

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Book reviews

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Survival 1997年第2期39卷 158-176页

作者： Peter Ferdinand[a] Jane Sharp[b][c] Jeremy Shapiro[d] Terry Taylor[e] Christopher Coker[f] William J. Dobson[g] Hootan Shambayati[h] Robert Waller[i] Anne-Marie Le Gloannec[j] Andrew Mack[k] Charles King[l] Tony Mason[m] Waheguru Pal Singh Sidhu[n] umit Ganguly[o][p] David P. Forsythe[q] Dana H. Allin[r] [a] Reader in Politics and International Studies Department of Politics University of Warwick [b] Director of the Defence and Security Programme Institute for Public Policy Research London [c] Senior Research Fellow Centre for Defence Studies King's College London [d] Doctoral candidate Political Science Department Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA [e] Assistant Director IISS London [f] Reader in International Relations London School of Economics and Political Science [g] Associate Editor Foreign Affairs New York [h] Doctoral candidate Department of Political Science and Program Coordinator Middle East Center University of Utah Salt Lake City UT [i] Doctoral candidate in Mediterranean Studies King's College London [j] Director of Research Centre of International Studies and Research National Foundation for Political Science Paris [k] Chair in International Relations Australian National University Canberra [l] Ion Ratiu Chair of Romanian Studies Department of Government Georgetown University Washington DC [m] Professor Department of Political Science University of Birmingham [n] Research Associate IISS London [o] Professor of Political Science Hunter College New York [p] Graduate Center City University of New York [q] Professor and Chair Department of Political Science University of Nebraska-Lincoln Lincoln NE [r] Deputy Director Aspen Institute Berlin

China's Rise, Russia's Fall: Politics, Economics and Planning in the Transition from Stalinismby Peter Nolan. Basingstoke, Hants: Macmillan, 1995. 360pp. £*** World and Yugoslavia's Warsedited by Richard Ullman. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1996. 230pp. $*** Among Democracies: The European Influence on US Foreign Policyby Thomas Risse‐Kappen. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995. 250pp. £*** Scourging of Iraq: Sanctions, Law and Natural Justiceby Geoff Simons. Basingstoke, Hants: Macmillan, 1996. 304pp. £*** the Peace: America and World Order in the New Eraby John Gerard Ruggie. New York: Twentieth Century Fund, 1996. 237pp. $*** Coming Conflict With Chinaby Richard Bernstein and Ross H. Munro. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1997. 245pp. $*** After the Revolution: Crisis Of An Islamic Stateedited by Saeed Rahnema and Sohrab Behdad. London and New York: I. B. Tauris, 1995. 256pp. £***: The Next Fundamentalist State?by Graham Fuller. Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 1996. 124pp. $*** Algerian Crisis: Policy Options for the Westby Andrew J. Pierre and William B. Quandt. Washington DC: The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 1996. 70pp. £***: From the Cold War to the New World Orderedited by Tony Chafer and Brian Jenkins. London and New York: Macmillan Press and St Martin's Press, 1995. 245pp. £*** Korea and the Bombby Michael J. Mazarr. London: Macmillan, 1995. 290pp. £*** Intervention Policy for the Post‐Cold War World: New Challenges and New Responsesedited by Arnold Kantor and Linton F. Brooks. London: W. W. Norton, 1996. 190pp. £*** to Win: Air Power and Coercion in Warby Robert A. Pape. London and Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1996. 366pp. [No price given.]India and the Bomb: Public Opinion and Nuclear Optionsedited by David Cortright and Amitabh Mattoo. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 1996. 160pp. £***, Nation and Ethnici

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Survival 1997年第4期39卷 175-194页

作者： Fred Halliday[a] Roy H. Ginsberg[b] David Ochmanek[c] Sherman Garnett[d] Charles Wolf[e] I. William Zartman[f] Josef Janning[g] Nik Gowing[h] Fred H. Lawson[i] Pierre Hassner[j][k][l] Andrew Duncan[m] Samuel M. Makinda[n] Jan Willem Honig[o] Michael Cox[p] Stephen Ellis[q] David Shambaugh[r] David H. Dunn[s] [a] Professor Department of International Relations London School of Economics and Political Science [b] Director International Affairs Program Skidmore College Saratoga Springs NY [c] Senior Analyst RAND Washington DC [d] Senior Associate Carnegie Endowment for International Peace Washington DC [e] Dean RAND Graduate Institute Santa Monica CA [f] Jacob Blaustein Professor of International Organisations and Conflict Resolutions The Nitze School of Advanced International Studies Johns Hopkins University Washington DC [g] Deputy Director Centre for Applied Policy Research Ludwig-Maxmillian University Munich [h] Presenter BBC News London [i] James Irvine Professor of Government Mills College Oakland CA [j] Research Director Centre of International Studies and Research Paris [k] Professor Institute for Political Studies Paris [l] Professor Johns Hopkins University Bologna Centre [m] Defence analyst Assistant Director for Information IISS London [n] Senior Lecturer in International Politics Politics Department School of Social Sciences and Psychology Murdoch University Perth Australia [o] Lecturer Department of War Studies King's College London [p] Professor Department of International Politics University of Aberystwyth [q] Senior Researcher Afrika-studiecentrum University of Leiden The Netherlands [r] Professor of Political Science and International Affairs and Director of the Sigur Center for Asian Studies George Washington University Washington DC [s] Lecturer in International Studies Graduate School of International Studies University of Birmingham

The Hidden Hand: Middle East Fears of Conspiracy. by Daniel Pipes. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1996. 404pp. £*** Actors in Europe's Foreign Policy. edited by Christopher Hill. London: Routledge, 1996. 316pp. £*** Military Strategy in the 21st Century. by Barry M. Blechman and Paul N. Nagy. Arlington, VA: Independent Research and Information Services, 1997. 107pp. No price ***‐Communism: An Introduction. by Leslie Holmes. Oxford: Polity, 1996. 384pp. £*** Dynamism: The Diplomacy of Separated Nations: Germany, Korea, China. by John Metzler. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1997. 223pp. $*** Peace: Why Peace Settlements Succeed or Fail. by Fen Osler Hampson. Washington DC: US Institute of Peace, 1996. 287pp. £25.75 hardback, £15.50 *** United States and Europe after the Cold War: A New Alliance?. by John W. Holmes. Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press, 1997. 225pp. $***‐Breaking Foreign Policy: The News Media's Influence on Peace Operations. by Warren P. Strobel. Washington DC: United States Institute of Peace Press, 1997. 275pp. $*** Struggle for Power in Syria. by Nikolaos Van Dam. London: I. B. Tauris, 1996. 240pp. £*** Reframed, Nationhood and the National Question in the New Europe. by Rogers Brubaker. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1996. 202pp. £*** Prospects: The Peace Process and the Arab‐Israeli Military Balance. by Anthony H. Cordesman. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1996. 316pp. £*** in the New International Order: Rethinking State Sovereignty and Regional Security. edited by Edmond J. Keller and Donald Rothchild. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner, 1996. 253pp. £*** Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War. edited by Williamson Murray, MacGregor Knox and Alvin Bernstein. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994. 694pp. $*** Security Policy in the 1990s: Beyond Containment. by Wyn Q. Bowen and David H. Dunn. Aldershot, Hants.:

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Ethnic and Racial studies 1996年第3期19卷 701-771页

作者： Liah Greenfeld[a] Michael Keating[b] John Solomos[c] David Welch[d] David Cesarani[e] Patrick Ireland[f] Mary Maynard[g] Patricia Hill Collins[h] Mary Searle-Chatterjee[i] Ronit Lentin[j] Marina Heung[k] Haleh Afshar[l] Peter Kwong[m] Sue Shutter[n] Stephen Castles[o] James Jupp[p] Margaret Bevege Val Noone[q] Mikael Gravers[r] Hilary Sapire[s] John A. Hall[t] Waltraud Ernst[c] T. J. Nossiter Harnik Deol[u] Jessica Jacobson[v] Miri Song[w] James G. Kellas[x] Ken Coates[y] Joe R. Feegin[z] Won Moo Hurh[a1] Robert D. Manning[b2] Anita Butera[b2] Franke Wilmer[c3] Frederick E. Hoxie[d4] Richard H. King[e5] Christine Bolt[d] Peter J. Ling[e5] Philip Q. Yang[f6] Marco Martiniello[g7] Nancy Foner[h8] W. Dennis Keating[i9] Judith Goode[j10] Sharon M. Lee[k11] Marilyn Halter[l12] Nancy C. Higgitt[m13] Stephen Iwan Griffiths[n14] Jan Penrose[o15] Efraim Ben-Zadok[p16] Yakir Plessner[q17] [a] University Professor and Department of Sociology Boston University [b] University of Western Ontario [c] Department of Sociology and Social Policy University of Southampton [d] School of History University of Kent Canterbury [e] Department of History University of Manchester [f] Graduate School of International Studies University of Denver [g] Centre for Women's Studies University of York [h] Department of African-American Studies University of Cincinnati [i] Department of Applied Community Studies Manchester Metropolitan University [j] Department of Sociology Trinity College Dublin [k] Department of English Baruch College City University of New York [l] Department of Politics University of York [m] Asian American Studies Program Hunter College City University of New York [n] Joint Council for the Welfare of Immigrants London [o] Centre for Multicultural Studies University of Wollongong Australia [p] Director Centre for Immigration and Multicultural Studies Australian National University [q] Victoria University of Technology St Albans [r] Department of Ethnography & Social Anthropology Aarhus University Denmark [s] Birbeck College University of London [t] Department of Sociology McGill University [u] Department of Sociology London School of Economics & Political Science [v] Department of Sociology London School of Economics [w] Sociology & Social Anthropology University of Kent Canterbury [x] Department of Politics University of Glasgow [y] History University of Waikato Hamilton New Zealand [z] Sociology University of Florida [a1] Western Illinois University [b2] Department of Sociology The American University Washington DC [c3] Department of Political Science Montana State University [d4] The Newberry Library Chicago [e5] American and Canadian Studies University of Nottingham UK [f6] Department of Sociology University of California Los Angeles [g7] National Fund for Scientific Research Service of Political Science University of Lige Belgium [h

Anthony D. Smith,NATIONS AND NATIONALISM IN A GLOBAL ERA, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1995, ix + 211 pp., $44.95 and $17.95 (paper).J. Beramendi, R. Maíz and X. Nuñez (eds),NATIONALISM IN EUROPE. PAST AND PRESENT, 2 vols, University of Santiago de Compostela, 1994, pp. 751 and 661, *** Burleigh,DEATH AND DELIVERANCE: ‘EUTHANASIA’ IN GERMANY c.1900–1945, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994, xvii + 382 pp., £40.00 and £14.95 (paper).David F. Crew (ed.),NAZISM AND GERMAN SOCIETY 1933–1945, London: Routledge, 1994, ix + 316 pp., npl.A. J. Sherman,ISLAND REFUGE. BRITAIN AND REFUGEES FROM THE THIRD REICH 1933–1939, 2nd. edn., London: Frank Cass, 1994, 284 pp., £17.50 (paper).Erno Szep,THE SMELL OF HUMANS. A MEMOIR OF THE HOLOCAUST IN HUNGARY, translated by John Batki, London: Central European University Press, 1994, 173 pp., £10.95 (paper).Nicolas Bouvier, Gordon A. Craig and Lionel Grossman,GENEVA, ZURICH, BASEL: HISTORY, CULTURE AND NATIONAL IDENTITY, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994, xiii + 98 pp., *** L. Anderson and Patricia Hill Collins (eds),RACE, CLASS AND GENDER. AN ANTHOLOGY, London: Wadsworth Publishing Company, 1995, xxxii + 560 pp., £20.50 (paper).Colette Guillaumin,RACISM, SEXISM, POWER AND IDEOLOGY, London and New York: Routledge, 1995, 288 pp., £12.99 (paper).Rajeswari Sunder Rajan,REAL AND IMAGINED WOMEN: GENDER, CULTURE AND POSTCOLONIALISM, London: Routledge, 1993, 153 pp., £35.00 h.b., £10.99 (paper).Gay Young and Bette Dickerson (eds),COLOR, CLASS AND COUNTRY: EXPERIENCES OF GENDER, London: Zed Books, 1994, 252 pp., £36.00 and £14.95 (paper).Gina Marchetti,ROMANCE AND THE ‘YELLOW PERIL’: RACE, SEX, AND DISCURSIVE STRATEGIES IN HOLLYWOOD, Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1993, 258 pp., $*** Lazreg,THE ELOQUENCE OF SILENCE: ALGERIAN WOMEN IN QUESTION, London: Routledge, 1994, xi + 226 pp., *** Ong, Edna Bonacich and Lucie Cheng (eds),THE NEW ASIAN IMMIGRATION IN LOS ANGELES AND GLOBAL RESTRU

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Under the jeweler's loop

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Computer Applications in Engineering Education 1995年第4期3卷 273-273页

作者： Fortenberry, N.L. Central Office National Consortium for Graduate Degrees for Minorities in Science and Engineering Inc. (GEM) Notre Dame IN 46556 Dr. Norman L. Fortenberry ScD: is Executive Director of the National Consortium for Graduate Degrees for Minorities in Science and Engineering Inc. (GEM). GEM is a $4.2-million enterprise with offices in three states and a staff of 13. He is also an adjunct professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Notre Dame. Dr. Fortenberry received his undergraduate and graduate degrees in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has worked in industry government and the academy. Prior to joining GEM he was Staff Associate and a program director (engineering) in the Division of Undergraduate Education (DUE) of the National Science Foundation. Before joining NSF he was an assistant professor of mechanical engineering and associate director of minority engineering programs at the Florida A&M University/Florida State University College of Engineering in Tallahassee Florida. At FAMU/FSU he sponsored research programs in the areas of design theory and methodology as well as in recruitment retention and professional development of students.

I am pleased to introduce a new column in CAE entitled “Under the Jeweler's Loop,” which will be prepared by Dr. Norman L. Fortenberry. As you may recall, while program director in the Division of Undergraduate Education at the National science Foundation, Dr. Fortenberry introduced and was the editor of the “What's DUE” column. He has now joined the National Consortium for graduate Degrees for Minorities in Engineering and science, Inc. (GEM), as its Executive director, and we are delighted to introduce him as the editor of the new “Under the Jeweler's Loop” column. Meanwhile, Dr. Janet Rutledge, who is now program director in the Division of Undergraduate Education at NSF, will continue Dr. Fortenberry's work and has graciously agreed to continue to prepare the “What's DUE” column. We are delighted to have Dr. Rutledge on the Editorial Board of CAE , and welcome the opportunity to have Dr. Fortenberry continue his participation in CAE . Magdy F. Iskander Editor In this new column, I will be examining various happenings and trends in engineering education. My purpose is to give you a closer view of what underlies some of these issues and events. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Magdy Iskander for providing this forum. Norman L. Fortenberry

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INTELLIGENT MACHINERY CONTROL INTEGRATION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1995年第5期107卷 51-57页

作者： FAIRHEAD, DL HALL, CC Since graduating from Cleveland State University in 1965 with a Bachelor of Science degree in Mathematics he has worked for the Navy at Annapolis participating in several different automation efforts ranging from design aids to surface ship bridge control. Mr. Fairhead has completed graduate work in Computer Science at the University of Maryland has a certificate in Computer Programming holds a patent and is a member of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). Upon graduation from Morgan State in 1962 Mr. Hall was employed as a physicist at the Naval Surface Warfare Center Carderock Division Annapolis until 1994. During that time period he served as program technical manager for propulsion technology and as senior project scientist for several automation projects including the Automated Ships Bridge project. Mr. Hall also served as a member of the initial Technical Director's Technology Application Team and of the Autonomic Ship Innovation Center Team. Mr. Hall is a member of the American Institute of Physics and Sigma Pi Sigma (National Physics Honor Society).

A growing concern about the shrinking size of the U.S. Navy budget and the pool from which selections will be made to ''man'' U. S. Navy shipboard systems has led to investigations on achieving improvements in affordability and operational effectiveness. One such investigation has resulted in the development of the Standard Monitoring and Control System (SMCS), a modular, open architecture control system which includes the control system components for propulsion, electric plant, auxiliaries, and damage control. The first major technology upgrade to SMCS will entail the insertion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies into HM&E monitoring and control applications. The Intelligent Machinery Control Integration Task (IMCI) was established to provide a structural approach for this major technology upgrade. As part of the first phase of IMCI, an identification of intelligent control requirements, an assessment of AI technologies, and a survey of intelligent control applications were performed. This paper lists those HM&E-related shipboard operational requirements from which intelligent machinery control requirements will be identified. Also, there is an initial assessment of AI-related reasoning and the following AI technologies, knowledge-based systems, fuzzy logic, neural nets, and genetic algorithms. The survey provided some insight into applying AI technologies to SMCS shipboard operational requirements.

关键词： Ships

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Worth reading

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Critical studies in Media Communication 1994年第4期11卷 389-401页

作者： Oscar H. Gandy Jr., Gary Edgerton[a] Laurie L. Haag[b][c] Joseph M. Dailey[d] Gerald Sussman[e] Anthony J. Palmeri[f] MaryRose Williams[g] Gilbert A. Williams[h] Patricia Aufderheide[i] Carl Mitcham[j] [a]Professor and Chair Department of Speech Communication and Theatre Arts Old Dominion University[b]graduate student Department of Communication Studies University of Iowa[c]Director The University of Iowa Women's Resource and Action Center[d]Associate Professor of Communication Carroll College[e]Associate Professor Emerson College[f]Assistant Professor of Communication University of Wisconsin Oshkosh [g]Assistant Professor Communications Department Denison University[h]Associate Professor Department of Telecommunication Michigan State University[i]Associate Professor School of Communication The American University[j]Science Technology and Society Program Pennsylvania State University

An Introductory Guide to Cultural Theory and Popular Culture. John Storey. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1993. 238 pages. $14.95. ISBN 0–8203–1592–*** Words, Queer Images: Communication and the Construction of Homosexuality. Jeffrey Ringer (Ed.). New York: New York University Press, 1994. 348 pages. $12.95. ISBN 0–8147–7441–*** in the Mind: Language and Human Nature. Ray Jackendoff. New York: Basic Books, 1994. 256 pages. $25.00. ISBN 0–465–05461–*** Dreams: Imperial Corporations and New World Order. Richard J. Barnet and John Cavanagh. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994. 431 pages. $25.00. ISBN 0–671–6337–*** Will Tell the People: The Betrayal of American Democracy. William Greider. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992. 464 pages. $13. ISBN 0–671–*** Questions: Invention, Creativity, and the Criticism of Discourse and Media. William L. Nothstine, Carole Blair, and Gary Copeland (Eds.). New York: St. Martin's Press, 1994. 452 pages. $21.00. ISBN 0–312–08971–***‐ing Justice, En‐gendering Power: Essays on Anita Hill, Clarence Thomas, and the Construction of Social Reality. Toni Morrison (Ed.). New York: Pantheon Books, 1992. 475 pages. $15.00. ISBN 0–679–74145–***, Mass Media, and Democracy: The Battle for the Control of U.S. Broadcasting, 1928–1935. Robert W. McChesney. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993. 393 pages. $45.00. ISBN 0–19–507174–*** Technologies. Verna Andermatt Conley (Ed., for the Miami Theory Collective). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1993. 248 pages. $17.95. ISBN 0–8166–2215–9.

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What's DUE

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Computer Applications in Engineering Education 1994年第3期2卷 213-213页

作者： Fortenberry, N.L. Division of Undergraduate Education National Science Foundation Arlington VA 22230 Dr. Norman L. Fortenberry Sc.D.: is a Program Director (Engineering) in the Division of Undergraduate Education at the National Science Foundation. He is staff associate to the division director and the coordinator for the Instrumentation and Laboratory Improvement (ILI) program. ILI receives the largest number of proposals (over 2200) of any program at the Foundation and has a budget of $23 million. Dr. Fortenberry received his undergraduate and graduate degrees in mechanical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He has worked in industry the government and the academy. Before joining NSF he was Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Associate Director of Minority Engineering Programs at the Florida A&M University/Florida State University College of Engineering in Tallahassee Florida. At the FAMU/FSU College of Engineering he actively conducted research programs in the areas of design theory and methodology as well as student recruitment retention and professional development. He is a member of ASEE ASME AAAS and Sigma Xi.

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