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arXiv 2024年

作者： Harada, Nanase Saito, Toshiki Nishimura, Yuri Watanabe, Yoshimasa Sakamoto, Kazushi National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-1855 Japan Department of Astronomy The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan Materials Science and Engineering College of Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology 3-7-5 Toyosu Koto-ku Tokyo135-8548 Japan Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of AS/NTU Astronomy-Mathematics Building No.1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd Taipei10617 Taiwan

The HNC/HCN ratio is observationally known as a thermometer in Galactic interstellar molecular clouds. A recent study has alternatively suggested that the HNC/HCN ratio is affected by the ultraviolet (UV) field, not by the temperature. We aim to study this ratio on the scale of giant molecular clouds in the barred spiral galaxy M83 towards the southwestern bar end and the central region from ALMA observations, and if possible, distinguish the above scenarios. We compare the high (40-50 pc) resolution HNC/HCN ratios with the star formation rate from the 3-mm continuum intensity and the molecular mass inferred from the HCN intensities. Our results show that the HNC/HCN ratios do not vary with the star formation rates, star formation efficiencies, or column densities in the bar-end region. In the central region, the HNC/HCN ratios become higher with higher star formation rates, which tend to cause higher temperatures. This result is not consistent with the previously proposed scenario in which the HNC/HCN ratio decreases with increasing temperature. Spectral shapes suggest that this trend may be due to optically thick HCN and optically thin HNC. In addition, we compare the large-scale (∼ 200 pc) correlation between the dust temperature from the FIR ratio and the HNC/HCN ratio for the southwestern bar-end region. The HNC/HCN ratio is lower when the dust temperatures are higher. We suggest from the above results that the HNC/HCN ratio depends on the UV radiation field that affects the interstellar medium on the ∼ 100 pc scale where the column densities are low. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Dust

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Network analysis with quantum dynamics clarifies why photosystem II exploits both chlorophyll a and b

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kim, Eunchul Lee, Daekyung Sakamoto, Souichi Jo, Ju-Yeon Vargas, Mauricio Ishizaki, Akihito Minagawa, Jun Kim, Heetae Division of Environmental Photobiology National Institute for Basic Biology Myodaiji Okazaki444-8585 Japan Basic Biology Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI Okazaki444-8585 Japan Department of Energy Engineering Korea Institute of Energy Technology Naju58330 Korea Republic of Institute for Molecular Science National Institutes of Natural Sciences Okazaki444-8585 Japan Instituto de Matemáticas Universidad de Talca Casilla 747 Talca Chile Molecular Science Program Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI Okazaki444-8585 Japan

In green plants, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b are the predominant pigments bound to light-harvesting proteins. While the individual characteristics of these chlorophylls are well understood, the advantages of their coexistence remain unclear. In this study, we establish a method to simulate excitation energy transfer within the entire photosystem II supercomplex by employing network analysis integrated with quantum dynamic calculations. We then investigate the effects of the coexistence of chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b by comparing various chlorophyll compositions. Our results reveal that the natural chlorophyll composition allows the excited energy to preferentially flow through specific domains that act as safety valves, preventing downstream overflow. Our findings suggest that the light-harvesting proteins in a photosystem II supercomplex achieve evolutionary advantages with the natural chlorophyll-a/b ratio, capturing light energy efficiently and safely across various light intensities. Using our framework, one can better understand how green plants harvest light energy and adapt to changing environmental conditions. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Excitation energy

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Decision Support Systems Selection of Soang Superior Brood Using Weighted Product (WP) and Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method 4

Decision Support Systems Selection of Soang Superior Brood U...

引用

4th International Conference on Energy, Environment, Epidemiology and Information System, ICENIS 2019

作者： Ramadiani Kurniawan, Reynaldi Kridalaksana, Awang Harsa Jundillah, Muhammad Labib Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Mulawarman University Samarinda Indonesia Magister Program of Information System School of Post Graduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Gurame Soang Latin name Osphronomus Labirynthici gouramy including fish, that as the fish have gills and breathing apparatus in the form of additional gills (Labyrinth). One important factor in fish farming Soang Gurame is holding elections. Superior brood has characteristics identical, to distinguish it needs to experience since it is quite difficult. Some of the assessment factors in selecting a superior brood that could be considered in the cultivation of the fish farmers Gurame Soang as ideal weight, physical disability, movement of fish, the shape of the head, and the body color. All of these factors combined to get an assessment that could help the decision making process fish Gurame Soang superior sires. This study used two methods that have selected the calculation accuracy of the decision-making process. The method used is the Weighted Product and Simple Additive weighting. The results of the research that has been done, it can be concluded the total number of alternative Gurame Soang superior sires data as many as 10 fish, and obtained the results of testing the level of accuracy by using the results of data from a breeder Gurame Soang superior sires, Method of Weighted Product got an accuracy of 80% and methods Simple Additive weighting got an accuracy of 60%. © The Authors, published by EDP sciences, 2019.

关键词： Fish

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Preference of Dogs Towards Feeding Toys Made of Natural Rubber, and Their Potential to Improve Canine Behaviour: A Study Based on Owners' Observations

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Boonhoh, Worakan Saramolee, Prachid Sriphavatsarakom, Prarom Amaek, Waluka Waran, Natalie Wongtawan, Tuempong Animal Behaviour Research Group Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Center of Excellence in Innovation on Essential Oil and Bioactive Compounds Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand One Health Research Center Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Material Sciences and Engineering Program School of Engineering and Resources Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80161 Thailand Department of Preclinic and Applied Animal Science Faculty of Veterinary Science Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom73170 Thailand College of Graduate Studies Walailak University Nakhon Si Thammarat80160 Thailand Faculty of Education Humanities and Health Science Eastern Institute of Technology Hawke's Bay 4142 New Zealand

Improper feeding methods can be linked to canine behaviour problems, as the conventional bowl-feeding approach fail to mimic natural behaviour and is associated with obesity. Feeding toys can potentially contribute to the enhancement of dog behaviour by mimicking natural hunting behaviour and promoting increased canine activity. Para rubber is a natural rubber with high flexibility and is tolerant of animal teeth, making it safer for animals compared to plastic and silicone. This study had two main objectives: firstly, to examine dogs' preferences for the scent and colour added to a para rubber product;and secondly, to explore the impact of using para rubber feeding toys on dog behaviours. The feeding toys were produced from natural rubber, with added scents and colours incorporated during their production. Subsequently, these toys were distributed to dog owners for evaluation. Owners completed the Thai version of the C-BARQ questionnaire, which evaluate canine behaviour both prior to and following a month of interaction with the toys. The findings indicated that dogs exhibited a preference for yellow toys over blue ones, as well as a preference for vanilla-scented toys compared to those with a beef scent. Following one month of consistent use of the para rubber toy, dogs tended to reduce various undesirable behaviours. Notably, overexcitement behaviour showed a nearly threefold decrease, and this reduction was statistically significant (p = 0.003). These outcomes emphasise the potential of natural rubber feeding toys in mitigating excitation-related behaviours, while also highlighting dogs' preference towards specific colours and scents. Consequently, there is a suggestion that enhancing toys with appealing scents or colours might foster greater interaction between dogs and their toys, potentially leading to a positive influence on their overall behavioural welfare. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Color

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Cerium features in kilonova near-infrared spectra: implication from a chemically peculiar star

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tanaka, Masaomi Domoto, Nanae Aoki, Wako Ishigaki, Miho N. Wanajo, Shinya Hotokezaka, Kenta Kawaguchi, Kyohei Kato, Daiji Lee, Jae-Joon Lee, Ho-Gyu Hirano, Teruyuki Kotani, Takayuki Kuzuhara, Masayuki Nishikawa, Jun Omiya, Masashi Tamura, Motohide Ueda, Akitoshi Astronomical Institute Tohoku University Aoba Sendai980-8578 Japan Division for the Establishment of Frontier Sciences Organization for Advanced Studies Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Am Mühlenberg 1 Potsdam-GolmD-14476 Germany Research Center for the Early Universe Graduate School of Science University of Tokyo Bunkyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan UTIAS The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Center for Gravitational Physics Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan National Institute for Fusion Science 322-6 Oroshi-cho Toki509-5292 Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Kasuga816-8580 Japan Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute 776 Daedeok-daero Yuseong-gu Daejeon34055 Korea Republic of Space Policy Research Center Science and Technology Policy Institute 370 Sicheong-daero Sejong30147 Korea Republic of Astrobiology Center 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Department of Astronomy Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo113-0033 Japan

Observations of the kilonova from a neutron star merger event GW170817 opened a way to directly study r-process nucleosynthesis by neutron star mergers. It is, however, challenging to identify the individual elements in the kilonova spectra due to lack of complete atomic data, in particular, at near-infrared wavelengths. In this paper, we demonstrate that spectra of chemically peculiar stars with enhanced heavy element abundances can provide us with an excellent astrophysical laboratory for kilonova spectra. We show that the photosphere of a late B-type chemically peculiar star HR 465 has similar lanthanide abundances and ionization degrees with those in the line forming region in a kilonova at ∼ 2.5 days after the merger. The near-infrared spectrum of HR 465 taken with Subaru/IRD indicates that Ce III lines give the strongest absorption features around 16,000 Å and there are no other comparably strong transitions around these lines. The Ce III lines nicely match with the broad absorption features at 14,500 Å observed in GW170817 with a blueshift of v = 0.1c, which supports recent identification of this feature as Ce III by Domoto et al. (2022). © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Absorption spectroscopy

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Large language models in urban planning

Nature Cities

引用

Nature Cities 2025年 1-8页

作者： Xinyu Fu Chaosu Li Steven Jige Quan Tan Yigitcanlar David Wasserman Environmental Planning Program University of Waikato Hamilton New Zealand Urban Governance and Design Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (Guangzhou) Guangzhou China Environmental Planning Institute Graduate School of Environmental Studies Seoul National University Seoul South Korea Graduate School of Environmental Studies Seoul National University Seoul South Korea City 4.0 Lab School of Architecture and Built Environment Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia Civic Analytics Discipline Alta Planning + Design Seattle WA USA

The advanced computational capabilities of artificial intelligence, particularly large language models such as OpenAI’s ChatGPT, offer great potential for addressing the complex developmental challenges faced by cities globally. These challenges are those that traditional urban planning methods often struggle to tackle. We explore how large language models can be leveraged to automate and support various urban planning tasks, providing nuanced computational support and advanced analytical capabilities. We highlight potential applications throughout the planning process and discuss the barriers and challenges involved. By setting a research agenda, we aim to foster the integration of artificial intelligence in urban planning, enhancing the field’s ability to create positive, inclusive and effective urban solutions.

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Effective theory for universal seesaw model and FCNC

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Morozumi, Takuya Adam, Apriadi Salim Kawamura, Yuta Panuluh, Albertus Hariwangsa Shimizu, Yusuke Yamamoto, Kei Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Core of Research for the Energetic Universe Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan South Tangerang15314 Indonesia Mie Prefecture Yokkaichi Japan Department of Physics Education Sanata Dharma University Paingan Maguwohardjo Sleman Yogyakarta55282 Indonesia Department of Global Environment Studies Hiroshima Institute of Technology Hiroshima731- 5193 Japan

We study the quark sector of the universal seesaw model with SU(2)L × SU(2)R × U(1). The model incorporates the seesaw mechanism with the vector-like quarks (VLQs). The purpose of this work is to study the model with the effective theory. After integrating the heavy five VLQs, we derive the effective theory with four up-type quark and three down type quark. In this work, the FCNC of Z boson for top quark and top′ quark is derived. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Bosons

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Regulating COOH Intermediate via Rationally Constructed Surface-Active Sites of Bi2WO6for Solar-Driven CO2-to-CO Production (Adv. Funct. Mater. 23/2025)

引用

Advanced Functional Materials 2025年第23期35卷

作者： Nguyen Quoc Thang Amr Sabbah Raghunath Putikam Chih-Yang Huang Tsai-Yu Lin Mahmoud Kamal Hussien Heng-Liang Wu Ming-Chang Lin Chih-Hao Lee Kuei-Hsien Chen Li-Chyong Chen Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei 10617 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei 11529 Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei 15201 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing Hua University Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Tabbin Institute for Metallurgical Studies Tabbin Helwan 109 Cairo 11421 Egypt Department of Applied Chemistry National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 30010 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University (NTU-MST) Taipei 10617 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP) Academia Sincia Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science Assiut University Assiut 71516 Egypt Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei 10617 Taiwan

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Carbon dioxide, global boiling, and climate carnage, from generation to assimilation, photocatalytic conversion to renewable fuels, and mechanism

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science of the Total Environment 2025年 965卷 178629页

作者： Khan, Muhammad Sun, Xiaohui Zada, Amir Azizi, Shohreh Shah, Muhammad Ishaq Ali Khan, Javed Ali Ragab, Ahmed H. Taher, Mostafa A. Abbas, Qumber Han, Changseok College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Shenzhen University 3688 Nanhai Avenue Guangdong Province Shenzhen518060 China Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan Mardan23200 Pakistan UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology College of Graduate Studies University of South Africa Muckleneuk Ridge PO Box 392 Pretoria0002 South Africa Chemistry Department Faculty of Science King Khalid University P.O. Box 9004 Abha61413 Saudi Arabia Biology Department Faculty of Science and Arts King Khalid University Mohail Assir 61321 Saudi Arabia Department of Technologies and Installations for Waste Management Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering Silesian University of Technology Gliwice44-100 Poland Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering of INHA University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Department of Environmental Engineering INHA University 100 Inha-ro Michuhol-gu Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

The increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has substantial impacts on the global temperature. For energy sustainability and minimization of the effects of global warming, an approach to understand CO2 capturing and a carbon neutral culture is extremely essential in the present circumstances. The CO2 emission from vehicles and industries can be minimized using energy cost-effective techniques and can be converted more selectively into reusable fuels via thermochemical, electrochemical, photochemical, photocatalytic, electrocatalytic, biological and inorganic carbonate-based approaches. In this review article, we have discussed the effects of increased global temperature on human beings, economy and climate change. Further, we have discussed the photocatalytic conversion of CO2 (PC-CO2) into gaseous and liquid fuels under solar light driven photocatalysis. The adsorption and activation of CO2, its conversion into various intermediates, their stability and selectivity of the final products have been elaborated comprehensively. The conversion mechanisms of CO2 into CO, CH4, alcohol, aldehyde and carboxylic acid have been discussed in detail. The role of defects and exposed facets of photocatalysts, effect of metal and non-metal dopants, and the additive role of co-catalyst on the mechanisms and selectivity of the conversion products have been discussed comprehensively. Finally, future perspective is discussed to highlight the research gap in the PC-CO2. We hope that this article will help to understand the mechanisms of PC-CO2 and will direct researchers to add their role in the reduction of CO2 to control global warming and make life easier on earth in the coming years. © 2025 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Kyoto Protocol

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Relation between Environment Color and Image Processing Performance at Design Development Stage

Relation between Environment Color and Image Processing Perf...

引用

International Symposium on Computer, Consumer and Control (IS3C)

作者： Eva Chang Rain Chen Chien-Yu Lin Pin-Yun Hsiao Program in Interdisciplinary Studies National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung Taiwan Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology Tainan Taiwan Graduate Institute of Assistive Technology National University of Tainan Tainan Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9781728193625

ISBN: (纸本)9781728193632

Lacking inspiration is a major challenge for designers when performing a design task, and the number and the quality of design ideas are critical indicators of the performance of a designer. With 60 volunteered participants, 70% women and 30% men, who in average had more than three years of design experience, this study tested whether environment color (red, green, and white) affects designers' image processing performance at the design development stage. The data collected were submitted to ANOVA, and the result shows (1) no significant effect of environment color on the number of design ideas (F = 0.553; P = 0.578), (2) no significant effect of environment color on the quality of design ideas (F = 0.156; P = 0.856), and (3) a weak correlation (r = 0.277) between the number of design ideas and the quality of design ideas. A suggestion for future research exploring the effect of environment color on enhancing image processing performance is to refine the experimental control.

关键词： Correlation Image color analysis Green products Process control Task analysis Analysis of variance

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