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Computing spike-based convolutions on GPUs

Computing spike-based convolutions on GPUs

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2009 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and systems, ISCAS 2009

作者： Nageswaran, Jayram Moorkanikara Dutt, Nikil Wang, Yingxue Delbrueck, Tobi Center for Embedded Systems Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA 92697 United States Institute of Neuroinformatics University of Zurich and ETH Zurich Winterthurerstrasse 190 CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9781424438280

In spiking neural networks, asynchronous spike events are processed in parallel by neurons. Emulations of such networks are traditionally computed by CPUs or realized using dedicated neuromorphic hardware. In many neuromorphic systems, the Address-Event-Representation (AER) is used for spike communication. In this paper we present the acceleration of AER based spike processing using a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). In our experiment we interface a 128x128 pixel AER vision sensor to a spiking neural network implemented on a GPU for real-time convolution-based nonlinear feature extraction with convolution kernel sizes ranging from 48x48 to 112x112 pixels. We show parallelism-performance trade-offs on GPUs for single spike per thread, multiple spikes per thread, and multiple objects parallelism techniques. Our implementation can achieve a kernel speedup of up to 35x on a single NVIDIA GTX280 board when compared to a CPU-only implementation. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Graphics processing unit

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An optimized lifetime enhancement scheme for data gathering in wireless sensor networks

An optimized lifetime enhancement scheme for data gathering ...

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5th International Conference on Wireless Communication and Sensor Networks, WCSN-2009

作者： Chakraborty, Ayon Chakraborty, Kaushik Mitra, Swarup Kumar Naskar, M.K. Department of Computer Science and Engineering Jadavpur University Kolkata - 32 India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering MCKV Institute of Engineering Howrah India Advanced Digital and Embedded Systems Lab Department of ETCE Jadavpur University Kolkata- 32 India

ISBN: (纸本)9781424458776

Design of energy efficient schemes for data gathering is an important concern for lifetime enhancement of wireless sensor networks. Variation in the distances of nodes from the Base Station and differences in inter-nodal distances are primary factors causing unequal energy dissipation among the nodes. Thus energy difference between the various nodes increases with time resulting in degraded network performance. The LEACH and PEGASIS schemes which provided elegant solutions to the problem suffer basic drawbacks due to randomization of cluster heads and greedy chain formation respectively. In this paper, we propose an Optimized Lifetime Enhancement (OLE) Scheme which shows enhanced performance over these schemes. OLE increases the network performance by ensuring a sub-optimal energy dissipation of the individual nodes despite their random deployment. It employs modern heuristics like particle swarm optimization instead of the greedy algorithm as in PEGASIS to construct energy efficient routing paths. Extensive simulations validate the improved performance of OLE. ©2009 IEEE.

关键词： Simulated annealing

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A Generic Algorithm for CAPEX-Aware Multi-Layer Network Design

A Generic Algorithm for CAPEX-Aware Multi-Layer Network Desi...

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2009 ITG Symposium on Photonic Networks

作者： Michael Duelli Eduard Weber Michael Menth University of Wuerzburg Institute of Computer Science Chair of Distributed Systems Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany

Capital expenditure (CAPEX), i.e. equipment cost, is a decisive criterion for the design of a new network infrastructure. The design of efficient transport networks requires the interconnection of multiple technologies which form separate layers with their own networking view and routing. This leads to the notion of multi-layer networks. CAPEX-aware design of such networks requires algorithms which propose multi-layer hardware configurations that are able to carry a given set of traffic demands at minimal *** present a generic algorithmfor CAPEX-aware multi-layer network design as well as a computationally viable implementation and perform evaluations on realistic network topologies. The underlying CAPEX and multi-layer technology models are explained in detail.

关键词： Biological system modeling Switches Topology Terminology Hardware Variable speed drives Synchronous digital hierarchy

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Workflow service extensions for UNICORE 6 -utilising a standard WS-BPEL engine for grid service orchestration

Workflow service extensions for UNICORE 6 -utilising a stand...

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Workshops on Parallel Processing, Euro-Par 2008: VHPC 2008, UNICORE 2008, HPPC 2008, SGS 2008, PROPER 2008, ROIA 2008, and DPA 2008

作者： Gudenkauf, S. Hasselbring, W. Höing, A. Scherp, G. Kao, O. OFFIS Institute for Information Technology R and D-Division Business Information Management Escherweg 2 26121 Oldenburg Germany Technische Universitat Berlin Faculty IV-Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Dept. of Telecommunication Systems Complex and Distributed IT Systems Einsteinufer 17 10587 Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)3642009549

The BIS-Grid project1, a BMBF-funded project in the context of the German D-Grid initiative, focusses on realising Enterprise Application Integration using Grid technologies to proof that Grid technologies are feasible for information systems integration. Small and medium enterprises shall be enabled to integrate heterogeneous business information systems and to use external Grid resources and services with affordable effort. In this paper, we describe service extensions to UNICORE 6 to use an arbitrary WS-BPEL workflow engine and standard WS-BPEL to orchestrate stateful, WSRF-based Web Services, also called Grid Services. Thereby, we focus on how to combine the arbitrary workflow engine with UNICORE 6, and on how to access workflows and workflow instances. The workflows itself are also provided as Grid Services, realised by a Workflow Management Service that deploys Workflow Services within UNICORE 6, each wrapping a WS-BPEL workflow that is deployed in the arbitrary workflow engine. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009.

关键词： Web services

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Indoor Navigation on distributed Stationary Display systems

Indoor Navigation on Distributed Stationary Display Systems

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IEEE Annual International computer Software and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)

作者： Peter Ruppel Florian Gschwandtner Corina Kim Schindhelm Claudia Linnhoff-Popien Mobile and Distributed Systems Group Institute of Computer Science Ludwig Maximilian Universität Munchen Munich Germany

Personal indoor navigation systems guide users through buildings by taking into account several parameters such as the general topology of the building, the walking time to the next destination or the accessibility of certain rooms. Displaying navigation instructions on mobile terminals raises several problems with respect to the needed positioning system on the one hand and integration into the providers premises on the other hand. Another possibility is to utilize existing infrastructure and provide a personal navigation service by means of a distributed stationary display system. Such systems are already available with hundreds or thousands of displays per site, e.g. at hospitals, airports, campuses or other major corporations. This paper presents a new approach for calculating and visualizing indoor navigation instructions for such systems. Based on a both geometric and graph-related building model an overlay graph is created, which allows the generation of coherent and intelligible navigation messages and graphic representations. Also landmarks are utilized to increase the comprehensibility for the user. Finally, a feasibility study conducted with a prototype implementation at Munich Airport is presented.

关键词： Navigation Displays Airports Topology Legged locomotion Hospitals Visualization Solid modeling Graphics Prototypes

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A Lie group based Gaussian mixture model distance measure for multimedia comparison 09

A Lie group based Gaussian mixture model distance measure fo...

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1st International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service, ICIMCS 2009

作者： Gong, Liyu Wang, Tianjiang Yu, Yan Liu, Fang Hu, Xiangen Intelligent and Distributed Computing Lab. School of Computer Science and Technology Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430074 China Department of Information and Computing Science School of Science Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430065 China Department of Psychology Institute for Intelligent Systems University of Memphis Memphis TN 38152 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781605588407

In this paper, we propose a novel method to measure the distance between two Gaussian Mixture Models. The proposed distance measure is based on the minimum cost that must paid to transform from one Gaussian Mixture Model into the other. We parameterize the components of a Gaussian Mixture Model which are Gaussian probability density functions (pdf) as positive definite lower triangular transformation matrices. Then we identify that Gaussian pdfs form a Lie group. Based on Lie group theory, the geodesic length can be used to measure the minimum cost that must paid to transform from one Gaussian pdf into the other. Combining geodesic length with the earth mover's distance, we propose the Lie group earth mover's distance for Gaussian Mixture Models. We test our distance measure in image retrieval. The experimental results indicate that our distance measure is more effective than other measures including the Kullback-Liebler divergence. Copyright 2009 ACM.

关键词： Probability density function

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Team AnnieWAY's autonomous system for the DARPA Urban Challenge 2007

Team AnnieWAY's autonomous system for the DARPA Urban Challe...

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作者： Kammel, Sören Ziegler, Julius Pitzer, Benjamin Werling, Moritz Gindele, Tobias Jagzent, Daniel Schöder, Joachim Thuy, Michael Goebl, Matthias Von Hundelshausen, Felix Pink, Oliver Frese, Christian Stiller, Christoph Institute for Measurement and Control University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe 76131 Germany Institute for Applied Computer Science/Automation University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe 76128 Germany Industrial Applications of Informatics and Microsystems University of Karlsruhe Karlsruhe 76131 Germany Institute for Distributed Measurement Systems Technical University of Munich Munich 80290 Germany Institute for Institute for Real-Time Computer Systems Technical University of Munich Munich 80290 Germany Department of Aerospace Engineering University of the Federal Armed Forces Neubiberg 85577 Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783642039904

This paper reports on AnnieWAY, an autonomous vehicle that is capable of driving through urban scenarios and that has successfully entered the finals of the 2007 DARPA Urban Challenge competition. After describing the main challenges imposed and the major hardware components, we outline the underlying software structure and focus on selected algorithms. Environmental perception mainly relies on a recent laser scanner which delivers both range and reflectivity measurements. While range measurements are used to provide 3D scene geometry, measuring reflectivity allows for robust lane marker detection. Mission and maneuver planning is conducted using a concurrent hierarchical state machine that generates behavior in accordance with California traffic laws. We conclude with a report of the results achieved during the competition. © 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

关键词： Reflection

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The impact of virtualization on the performance of Massively Multiplayer Online Games 09

The impact of virtualization on the performance of Massively...

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Annual Workshop on Network and systems Support for Games (NetGames)

作者： Vlad Nae Radu Prodan Thomas Fahringer Alexandru Iosup Institute of Computer Science University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria Parallel and Distributed Systems Delft University of Technnology Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781424456055

Today's highly successful Massively Multiplayer Online Games (MMOGs) have millions of registered users and hundreds of thousands of active concurrent users. As a result of the highly dynamic MMOG usage patterns, the MMOG operators pre-provision and then maintain throughout the lifetime of the game tens of thousands of compute resources in data centers located across the world. Until recently, the difficulty of porting the MMOG software services to different platforms made it impractical to dynamically provision resources external to the MMOG operators' data centers. However, virtualization is a new technology that promises to alleviate this problem by providing a uniform computing platform with minimal overhead. To investigate the potential of this new technology, in this paper we propose a new hybrid resource provisioning model that uses a smaller and less expensive set of self-owned data centers, complemented by virtualized cloud computing resources during peak hours. Using real traces from RuneScape, one of the most successful contemporary MMOGs, we evaluate with simulations the effectiveness of the on-demand cloud resource provisioning strategy for MMOGs. We assess the impact of provisioning of virtualized cloud resources, analyze the components of virtualization overhead, and compare provisioning of virtualized resources with direct provisioning of data center resources.

关键词： Resource virtualization Ecosystems Cloud computing Quality of service Resource management computer science Platform virtualization Computational modeling Large-scale systems Physics computing

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Low overhead assignment of symbolic coordinates in sensor networks

Low overhead assignment of symbolic coordinates in sensor ne...

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作者： Gauger, Matthias Marrón, Pedro José Kauker, Daniel Rothermel, Kurt Institute for Computer Science IV Universität Bonn Römerstr. 164 53117 Bonn Germany Fraunhofer IAIS Schloss Birlinghoven 53754 Sankt Augustin Germany Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Universität Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany

Approximate information on the location of nodes in a sensor network is essential to many types of sensor network applications and algorithms. In many cases, using symbolic coordinates is an attractive alternative to the use of geographic coordinates due to lower costs and lower requirements on the available location information during coordinate assignment. In this paper, we investigate different possible methods of assigning symbolic coordinates to sensor nodes. We present a method based on broadcasting coordinate messages and filtering using sensor events. We show in the evaluation that this method allows a reliable assignment of symbolic coordinates while only generating a low overhead. © Springer science+Business Media, LLC 2008.

关键词： Sensor nodes

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Towards integration of uncertain sensor data into context-awareworkflows

Towards integration of uncertain sensor data into context-aw...

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39th Jahrestagung der Gesellschaft fur Informatik e.V. (GI): Im Focus das Leben, INFORMATIK 2009

作者： Wieland, Matthias Käppeler, Uwe-Philipp Levi, Paul Leymann, Frank Nicklas, Daniela Institute of Architecture of Application Systems Universtät Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany Institute of Parallel and Distributed Systems Universität Stuttgart Universitätsstraße 38 70569 Stuttgart Germany Department of Computer Science Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg Escherweg 2 26121 Oldenburg Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783885792482

The integration and usage of uncertain sensor data in workflows is a difficult problem. In this paper we describe these difficulties which result from the combination of very distinct areas. On the one hand, applications from area of measurement engineering manage sensors that capture data and annotate the data with technical meta data. On the other hand, context-aware workflows from the BPM area place high level requirements for the quality of context data that is derived from the sensor data. Between those two areas exists a gap that has to be closed by a context management and mediation system, supporting the handling of Quality of Context (QoC). To achieve this the paper presents an QoC aware architecture based on an extension of the existing Nexus Platform and a first approach for matching the workflow requirements with the sensor annotations.

关键词： Data integration

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