Background Overall HIV mortality rates in China have not been *** this analysis we assess overall mortality in treatment-eligible adults with HIV and attempt to identify risk factors for HIV-related mortality. Methods...
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Background Overall HIV mortality rates in China have not been *** this analysis we assess overall mortality in treatment-eligible adults with HIV and attempt to identify risk factors for HIV-related mortality. Methods We used data from the national HIV epidemiology and treatment databases to identify individuals aged 15 years or older with HIV who were eligible for highly active antiretroviral therapy between 1985 and *** rates were calculated in terms of person-years,with risk factors determined by Cox proportional hazard regression. Treatment coverage was calculated as the proportion of time that patients who were eligible for treatment received treatment,with risk factors for not receiving treatment identified by use of logistic regression.
作者：
Aral, Sevgi O.Division of STD Prevention
National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA 30333 1600 Clifton Road NE Mailstop E-02 United States
Conceptually and theoretically, it is easy to see how short gaps and concurrent partnerships fuel the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV in populations. The consequences of concurrency are bounded...
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Several studies have suggested that interleukin(IL)-15 is a promising adjuvant that promotes cellular immunity when administered with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)*** we evaluated the effect of IL-15 plasmid on HI...
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Several studies have suggested that interleukin(IL)-15 is a promising adjuvant that promotes cellular immunity when administered with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)*** we evaluated the effect of IL-15 plasmid on HIV-specific immune responses,especially cellular immunity,in eight rhesus *** monkeys were immunized three times with HIV DNA vaccine with or without IL-15 plasmid and boosted with recombinant Tiantan strain vaccinia virus-based HIV vaccine(rTV)22 weeks after the first *** we did not detect any significant differences in the HIV-specific CD81 T-cell response between monkeys with IL-15 coimmunization and monkeys with HIV vaccine alone,our results showed that the frequency of effector CD8^(+) memory T cells in the peripheral blood was significantly higher in monkeys with IL-15 coimmunization than those with HIV vaccine alone at almost all of the time points ***,the titers of anti-HIV antibodies were higher in Group T than those in Group C after rTV *** findings in rhesus monkeys suggest that IL-15 may be useful as a cytokine adjuvant for HIV vaccine.
Potent combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)has significantly improved the life expectancy of people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),but it has many side effects such as lipodystrophy(LD),hepatic steato...
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Potent combination antiretroviral therapy(cART)has significantly improved the life expectancy of people living with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV),but it has many side effects such as lipodystrophy(LD),hepatic steatosis,and lactic *** reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NRTIs)could damage the mito-chondria by inhibiting the human DNA polymerase gamma,leading to mtDNA ***,it remains uncertain whether NRTIs could induce the hypervariable region(HV)mutations of the D loop of mitochondria in Chinese HIV/aids patients,and whether that effect is different between individuals with and without ***,30 Chinese aids patients who were receiving antiretroviral drugs were recruited,among which 16 had symptomatic LD and 14 did *** samples were collected prior to and after 96 weeks of *** DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs).Fragments of 728 bp in length containing HV 2 were amplified by standard polymerase chain reaction(PCR).Direct DNA-sequencing analysis techni-ques were used to detect mitochondrial sequence variants between paired longitudinal *** were compared with the revised Cambridge Reference Sequence(rCRS)to determine mutation or *** showed that two years after ART,totally seven cases exhibited sequence variations,five individuals showed 73 A!G revised variation(two with and three without LD),while two cases of LD were found to have other nucleotide *** was no new alteration in individuals without *** conclusion,NRTIs could induce mutation of mtDNA HV 2,which might contribute to the development of LD.
Correctional facilities typically house large numbers of persons in close and crowded conditions for long periods. Clusters of communicable diseases ranging from simple viral upper respiratory infections to more serio...
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Background Pulmonary tuberculosis （PTB） among asymptomatic Chinese patients with HIV infection has not been investigated despite high tuberculosis burden in China. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence, ri...
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Background Pulmonary tuberculosis （PTB） among asymptomatic Chinese patients with HIV infection has not been investigated despite high tuberculosis burden in China. This study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and clinical outcomes of PTB among asymptomatic patients with HIV/aids in Guangxi to facilitate the development of diagnostic and treatment *** All asymptomatic adult HIV-infected patients with CD4 ＜350 cells/μl who attended four HIV clinics in Guangxi between August 2006 and March 2008 were evaluated for active PTB with physical examination, chest X-ray （CXR）,sputum smear and/or sputum liquid culture. Data were described using median （interquartile range, IQR） and *** and multivariate Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors associated with *** Among 340 asymptomatic subjects, 15 （4%） were diagnosed with PTB, with 4 （27%） sputum smear positive and 8 （53%） sputum culture positive. CXR has higher diagnostic sensitivity （87%） than sputum smear （25%） and sputum culture （67%）, but lower specificity （56%） compared with sputum smear （99%） and culture （100%）. In univariate analysis,injection drug user, body mass index （BMI） ＜18 kg/m2, CD4 ＜50 cells/μl and presence of peripheral lymphadenopathy were associated with an increased risk of asymptomatic PTB, while in multivariate analysis only peripheral lymphadenopathy maintained statistical significance （OR=7.6, 95% CI 1.4-40）. Patients with negative smear and minor or no abnormalities on CXR had longer interval between screening and TB *** PTB was relatively common in this group of HIV＋ asymptomatic Chinese patients. Diagnosis is challenging especially where sputum culture is unavailable. These findings suggest that an enhanced evaluation for PTB needs to be integrated with HIV care in China and transmission prevention in China to control at both households and health care facilities, especially for patients with fact
The global commitment to providing antiretroviral therapy （ART） to people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （HIV/aids） in low-income countries has raised hope that the inc...
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The global commitment to providing antiretroviral therapy （ART） to people living with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （HIV/aids） in low-income countries has raised hope that the increasing momentum in the fight against the worldwide HIV/aids pandemic will be sufficient to control it. However, improved availability of subsidized antiretroviral （ARV） treatments in low-income .countries raises complex ethical issues. In many resource-constrained countries the number of individuals infected with HIV in need of treatment far exceeds the supply of ARV medication. Resource allocation decisions can be made on the basis of many epidemiological, ethical, or preferential treatment priority criteria. Healthcare systems and funding in low-income countries are limited, requiring a step-by-step approach to scaling- up programs to reach their stated aims.
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