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Rheumatology 2023年第SUPPLEMENT_2期62卷

作者： Mushtaq, Yasser Tilston, George Hyrich, Kimme L Barton, Anne Peek, Niels Parker, Ben Griffiths, Darren Humphreys, Jenny H Clinical Data Sciences Unit Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester United Kingdom NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester United Kingdom Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Science University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Centre for Musculoskeletal Research University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust Manchester United Kingdom

Deconver: A Deconvolutional Network for Medical Image Segmentation

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ashtari, Pooya Noei, Shahryar Haredasht, Fateme Nateghi Chen, Jonathan H. Jurman, Giuseppe Pižurica, Aleksandra Van Huffel, Sabine STADIUS Center KU Leuven Belgium The Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing Ghent University GentB-9000 Belgium Data Science for Health Unit Fondazione Bruno Kessler Via Sommarive 18 Trento Povo Italy Center for Biomedical Informatics Research Stanford University StanfordCA United States Center for Biomedical Informatics Research the Division of Hospital Medicine Stanford University StanfordCA United States The Department of Biomedical Sciences Humanitas University Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4 MI Pieve Emanuele20072 Italy Department of Telecommunications and Information Processing Ghent University GentB-9000 Belgium Leuven.AI - KU Leuven institute for AI LeuvenB-3000 Belgium

While convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformers (ViTs) have advanced medical image segmentation, they face inherent limitations such as local receptive fields in CNNs and high computational complexity in ViTs. This paper introduces Deconver, a novel network that integrates traditional deconvolution techniques from image restoration as a core learnable component within a U-shaped architecture. Deconver replaces computationally expensive attention mechanisms with efficient nonnegative deconvolution (NDC) operations, enabling the restoration of high-frequency details while suppressing artifacts. Key innovations include a backpropagation-friendly NDC layer based on a provably monotonic update rule and a parameter-efficient design. Evaluated across four datasets (ISLES’22, BraTS’23, GlaS, FIVES) covering both 2D and 3D segmentation tasks, Deconver achieves state-of-the-art performance in Dice scores and Hausdorff distance while reducing computational costs (FLOPs) by up to 90% compared to leading baselines. By bridging traditional image restoration with deep learning, this work offers a practical solution for high-precision segmentation in resource-constrained clinical workflows. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Image segmentation

Special Section Guest Editorial: Advances in Breast Imaging

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Journal of Medical Imaging 2019年第3期6卷 031401-031401页

作者： Krupinski, Elizabeth A. Astley, Sue Marti, Robert Tornai, Martin Zwiggelaar, Reyer Emory University Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences AtlantaGA United States University of Manchester Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Science Manchester United Kingdom University of Girona Department of Architecture and Computer Technology Girona Spain Duke University Departments of Radiology and Biomedical Engineering DurhamNC United States Aberystwyth University Department of Computer Science Aberystwyth United Kingdom

This guest editorial introduces the special section on Advances in Breast Imaging.

关键词： Digital breast tomosynthesis Breast imaging Breast cancer Breast Cancer Digital mammography Computer simulations Mammography Optical filters Radiology

A decomposition of Fisher’s information to inform sample size for developing fair and precise clinical prediction models - Part 2: time-to-event outcomes

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Riley, Richard D. Collins, Gary S. Archer, Lucinda While, Rebecca Legha, Amardeep Kirton, Laura Dhiman, Paula Sadatsafavi, Mohsen Adderley, Nicola J. Alderman, Joseph MarGn, Glen P. Ensor, Joie Department of Applied Health Sciences School of Health Sciences College of Medicine and Health University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre Birmingham United Kingdom Centre for Sta?s?cs in Medicine Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences University of Oxford OxfordOX3 7LD United Kingdom Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit Ins?tute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences College of Medical and Dental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Respiratory Evalua?on Sciences Program Faculty of Pharmaceu?cal Sciences The University of Bri?sh Columbia Vancouver Canada Ins?tute of Inflamma?on and Ageing College of Medicine and Health University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom Queen Elizabeth Hospital University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Founda?on Trust Birmingham United Kingdom Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Science Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester United Kingdom

Background When developing a clinical predicGon model using Gme-to-event data (i.e., with censoring and different lengths of follow-up), previous research focuses on the sample size needed to minimise overfifng and precisely esGmaGng the overall risk. However, instability of individual-level risk esGmates may sGll be large. Methods We propose using a decomposiGon of Fisher’s informaGon matrix to help examine and calculate the sample size required for developing a model that aims for precise and fair risk esGmates. We propose a six-step process which can be used before data collecGon or when an exisGng dataset is available. Steps (1) to (5) require researchers to specify the overall risk in the target populaGon at a key Gme-point of interest;an assumed pragmaGc ‘core model’ in the form of an exponenGal regression model;the (anGcipated) joint distribuGon of core predictors included in that model;and the distribuGon of any censoring. The ‘core model’ can be specified directly or based on a specified C-index and relaGve effects of (standardised) predictors. The joint distribuGon of predictors may be available directly in an exisGng dataset, in a pilot study, or in a syntheGc dataset provided by other researchers. Results We derive closed-form soluGons that decompose the variance of an individual’s esGmated event rate into Fisher’s unit informaGon matrix, predictor values and total sample size;this allows researchers to calculate and examine uncertainty distribuGons around individual risk esGmates and misclassificaGon probabiliGes for specified sample sizes. We provide an illustraGve example in breast cancer and emphasise the importance of clinical context, including any risk thresholds for decision making, and examine fairness concerns for pre- and post-menopausal women. Lastly, in two empirical evaluaGons, we provide reassurance that uncertainty interval widths based on our exponenGal approach are close to using more flexible parametric models. Conclusions Our approach

关键词： Fisher information matrix

OA09 Trends for opioid prescriptions and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases between 2006 and 2021

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Rheumatology 2023年第SUPPLEMENT_2期62卷

作者： Huang, Yun-Ting (Joyce) Jenkins, David A Yimer, Belay B Benitez-Aurioles, Jose Peek, Niels Lunt, Mark Dixon, William G Jani, Meghna University of Manchester Centre for Epidemiology Versus Arthritis Manchester United Kingdom University of Manchester Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Science Manchester United Kingdom NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom

Making shiny objects illuminating: the promise and challenges of large language models in U.S. health systems

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npj Health Systems

npj Health Systems 2025年第1期2卷 1-3页

作者： Rui Zhang Genevieve B. Melton James Zou Ashley N. Beecy Yiye Zhang Jiang Bian Cui Tao Department of Surgery and Center for Learning Health System Sciences University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Institute for Health Informatics University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN USA Department of Biomedical Data Science Stanford University Stanford CA USA Department of Medicine Division of Cardiology Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA Information Technology NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital New York NY USA Department of Population Health Sciences Weill Cornell Medicine New York New York NY USA Biostatistics and Health Data Science School of Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA Regenstrief Institute Indianapolis IN USA Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics Mayo Clinic Jacksonville FL USA

Closing the gap between open-source and commercial large language models for medical evidence summarization

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Zhang, Gongbo Jin, Qiao Zhou, Yiliang Wang, Song Idnay, Betina R. Luo, Yiming Park, Elizabeth Nestor, Jordan G. Spotnitz, Matthew E. Soroush, Ali Campion, Thomas Lu, Zhiyong Weng, Chunhua Peng, Yifan Department of Biomedical Informatics Columbia University New YorkNY United States National Center for Biotechnology Information National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD United States Department of Population Health Sciences Weill Cornell Medicine New YorkNY United States Cockrell School of Engineering The University of Texas at Austin AustinTX United States Department of Medicine Columbia University New YorkNY United States Office of the Director National Institutes of Health BethesdaMD United States Division of Data-Driven and Digital Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New YorkNY United States Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New YorkNY United States Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New YorkNY United States Clinical & Translational Science Center Weill Cornell Medicine New YorkNY United States

Large language models (LLMs) hold great promise in summarizing medical evidence. Most recent studies focus on the application of proprietary LLMs. Using proprietary LLMs introduces multiple risk factors, including a lack of transparency and vendor dependency. While open-source LLMs allow better transparency and customization, their performance falls short compared to proprietary ones. In this study, we investigated to what extent fine-tuning open-source LLMs can further improve their performance in summarizing medical evidence. Utilizing a benchmark dataset, MedReview, consisting of 8,161 pairs of systematic reviews and summaries, we fine-tuned three broadly-used, open-sourced LLMs, namely PRIMERA, LongT5, and Llama-2. Overall, the fine-tuned LLMs obtained an increase of 9.89 in ROUGE-L (95% confidence interval: 8.94-10.81), 13.21 in METEOR score (95% confidence interval: 12.05-14.37), and 15.82 in CHRF score (95% confidence interval: 13.89-16.44). The performance of fine-tuned LongT5 is close to GPT-3.5 with zero-shot settings. Furthermore, smaller fine-tuned models sometimes even demonstrated superior performance compared to larger zero-shot models. The above trends of improvement were also manifested in both human and GPT4-simulated evaluations. Our results can be applied to guide model selection for tasks demanding particular domain knowledge, such as medical evidence summarization. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

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From Pixels to Polygons: A Survey of Deep Learning Approaches for Medical Image-to-Mesh Reconstruction

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Lin, Fengming Zakeri, Arezoo Xue, Yidan MacRaild, Michael Dou, Haoran Zhou, Zherui Zou, Ziwei Sarrami-Foroushani, Ali Duan, Jinming Frangi, Alejandro F. The Christabel Pankhurst Institute The University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Department of Computer Science School of Engineering University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Division of Informatics Imaging and Data Sciences University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre University of Manchester Manchester United Kingdom Department of Cardiovascular Sciences KU Leuven Leuven Belgium KU Leuven Leuven Belgium

Deep learning-based medical image-to-mesh reconstruction has rapidly evolved, enabling the transformation of medical imaging data into three-dimensional mesh models that are critical in computational medicine and in silico trials for advancing our understanding of disease mechanisms, and diagnostic and therapeutic techniques in modern medicine. This survey systematically categorizes existing approaches into four main categories: template models, statistical models, generative models, and implicit models. Each category is analysed in detail, examining their methodological foundations, strengths, limitations, and applicability to different anatomical structures and imaging modalities. We provide an extensive evaluation of these methods across various anatomical applications, from cardiac imaging to neurological studies, supported by quantitative comparisons using standard metrics. Additionally, we compile and analyze major public datasets available for medical mesh reconstruction tasks and discuss commonly used evaluation metrics and loss functions. The survey identifies current challenges in the field, including requirements for topological correctness, geometric accuracy, and multi-modality integration. Finally, we present promising future research directions in this domain. This systematic review aims to serve as a comprehensive reference for researchers and practitioners in medical image analysis and computational medicine. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Mesh generation

FUTURE-AI: International consensus guideline for trustworthy and deployable artificial intelligence in healthcare

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Lekadir, Karim Feragen, Aasa Fofanah, Abdul Joseph Frangi, Alejandro F. Buyx, Alena Emelie, Anais Lara, Andrea Porras, Antonio R. Chan, An-Wen Navarro, Arcadi Glocker, Ben Botwe, Benard O. Khanal, Bishesh Beger, Brigit Wu, Carol C. Cintas, Celia Langlotz, Curtis P. Rueckert, Daniel Mzurikwao, Deogratias Fotiadis, Dimitrios I. Zhussupov, Doszhan Ferrante, Enzo Meijering, Erik Weicken, Eva González, Fabio A. Asselbergs, Folkert W. Prior, Fred Krestin, Gabriel P. Collins, Gary S. Tegenaw, Geletaw S. Kaissis, Georgios Misuraca, Gianluca Tsakou, Gianna Dwivedi, Girish Kondylakis, Haridimos Jayakody, Harsha Woodruf, Henry C. Mayer, Horst Joachim Aerts, Hugo JWL Walsh, Ian Chouvarda, Ioanna Buvat, Irène Tributsch, Isabell Rekik, Islem Duncan, James Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree Zahir, Jihad Park, Jinah Mongan, John Gichoya, Judy W. Schnabel, Julia A. Kushibar, Kaisar Riklund, Katrine Mori, Kensaku Marias, Kostas Amugongo, Lameck M. Fromont, Lauren A. Maier-Hein, Lena Alberich, Leonor Cerdá Rittner, Leticia Phiri, Lighton Marrakchi-Kacem, Linda Donoso-Bach, Lluís Martí-Bonmatí, Luis Cardoso, M. Jorge Bobowicz, Maciej Shabani, Mahsa Tsiknakis, Manolis Zuluaga, Maria A. Bielikova, Maria Fritzsche, Marie-Christine Camacho, Marina Linguraru, Marius George Wenzel, Markus De Bruijne, Marleen Tolsgaard, Martin G. Ghassemi, Marzyeh Ashrafuzzaman, Md Goisauf, Melanie Yaqub, Mohammad Abadía, Mónica Cano Mahmoud, Mukhtar M.E. Elattar, Mustafa Rieke, Nicola Papanikolaou, Nikolaos Lazrak, Noussair Díaz, Oliver Salvado, Olivier Pujol, Oriol Sall, Ousmane Guevara, Pamela Gordebeke, Peter Lambin, Philippe Brown, Pieta Abolmaesumi, Purang Dou, Qi Lu, Qinghua Osuala, Richard Nakasi, Rose Zhou, S. Kevin Napel, Sandy Colantonio, Sara Albarqouni, Shadi Joshi, Smriti Carter, Stacy Klein, Stefan Petersen, Steffen E. Aussó, Susanna Awate, Suyash Raviv, Tammy Riklin Cook, Tessa Mutsvangwa, Tinashe E.M. Rogers, Wendy A. Niessen, Wiro J. Puig-Bosch, Xènia Zeng, Yi Mohammed, Yunusa G. Aquino, Yves Saint James Salahuddin, Zohaib Starmans, Martijn P.A. Department de Matemàtiques i Informàtica Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona Spain Barcelona Spain DTU Compute Technical University of Denmark Kgs Lyngby Denmark Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty of Science and Technology Milton Margai Technical University Freetown Sierra Leone Center for Computational Imaging & Simulation Technologies in Biomedicine Schools of Computing and Medicine University of Leeds Leeds United Kingdom Cardiovascular Science and Electronic Engineering Departments KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Institute of History and Ethics in Medicine Technical University of Munich Munich Germany Faculty of Engineering of Systems Informatics and Sciences of Computing Galileo University Guatemala City Guatemala Department of Biostatistics and Informatics Colorado School of Public Health University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus AuroraCO United States Department of Medicine Women’s College Research Institute University of Toronto Toronto Canada Universitat Pompeu Fabra BarcelonaBeta Brain Research Center Barcelona Spain Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom School of Biomedical & Allied Health Sciences University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Midwifery & Radiography School of Health & Psychological Sciences City University of London United Kingdom Kathmandu Nepal European Heart Network Brussels Belgium Department of Thoracic Imaging University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston United States IBM Research Africa Nairobi Kenya Departments of Radiology Medicine and Biomedical Data Science Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford United States Institute for AI and Informatics in Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar Technical University Munich Munich Germany Department of Computing Imperial College London London United Kingdom Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania United Republic of Ioannina Greece Almaty AI Lab Almaty Kazakhstan

Background: Despite major advances in artificial intelligence (AI) research for healthcare, the deployment and adoption of AI technologies remain limited in clinical practice. In recent years, concerns have been raised about the clinical, technical, ethical and legal risks associated with healthcare AI. To increase adoption in the real world, it is essential that AI technologies are trusted and accepted by patients, clinicians, health organisations and authorities. This paper describes the FUTURE-AI framework as the first international consensus guideline for trustworthy AI in healthcare. Methods: The FUTURE-AI consortium was founded in 2021 and now comprises 117 interdisciplinary experts from 50 countries representing all continents, including AI scientists, clinical researchers, biomedical ethicists, and social scientists. Over a two-year period, the consortium established guiding principles and best practices for trustworthy and deployable AI through an iterative process comprising an in-depth literature review, a modified Delphi survey, and online consensus meetings. Findings: The FUTURE-AI framework was established based on six guiding principles for trustworthy AI in healthcare, i.e. Fairness, Universality, Traceability, Usability, Robustness and Explainability. Through consensus, a set of 30 best practices were defined, addressing technical, clinical, socio-ethical and legal dimensions of trustworthy AI. The recommendations cover the entire lifecycle of healthcare AI, from design, development and validation to regulation, deployment, and monitoring. Interpretation: FUTURE-AI is a structured, risk-informed framework which provides guidance for constructing healthcare AI tools that will be trusted, deployed and adopted in real-world clinical practice. Researchers are encouraged to take the recommendations into account in proof-of-concept stages to facilitate future translation towards clinical practice of healthcare AI. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights

关键词： Clinical research

Environment scan of generative AI infrastructure for clinical and translational science

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Npj health systems

Npj health systems 2025年第1期2卷 4页

作者： Betina Idnay Zihan Xu William G Adams Mohammad Adibuzzaman Nicholas R Anderson Neil Bahroos Douglas S Bell Cody Bumgardner Thomas Campion Mario Castro James J Cimino I Glenn Cohen David Dorr Peter L Elkin Jungwei W Fan Todd Ferris David J Foran David Hanauer Mike Hogarth Kun Huang Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer Manoj Kandpal Niranjan S Karnik Avnish Katoch Albert M Lai Christophe G Lambert Lang Li Christopher Lindsell Jinze Liu Zhiyong Lu Yuan Luo Peter McGarvey Eneida A Mendonca Parsa Mirhaji Shawn Murphy John D Osborne Ioannis C Paschalidis Paul A Harris Fred Prior Nicholas J Shaheen Nawar Shara Ida Sim Umberto Tachinardi Lemuel R Waitman Rosalind J Wright Adrian H Zai Kai Zheng Sandra Soo-Jin Lee Bradley A Malin Karthik Natarajan W Nicholson Price Ii Rui Zhang Yiye Zhang Hua Xu Jiang Bian Chunhua Weng Yifan Peng Department of Biomedical Informatics Columbia University Irving Medical Center New York NY USA. Department of Population Health Sciences Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA. Department of Pediatrics Boston Medical Center Boston MA USA Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine Boston University Boston MA USA. Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR USA. Department of Public Health Sciences University of California Davis Davis CA USA. Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA. Department of Medicine David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine University of Kentucky College of Medicine Lexington KY USA. Clinical and Translational Science Center Weill Cornell Medicine New York NY USA. Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine University of Kansas School of Medicine Kansas City KS USA. Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science Heersink School of Medicine University of Alabama Birmingham AL USA. Harvard Law School Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy Biotechnology and Bioethics Harvard University Cambridge MA USA. Department of Biomedical Informatics University at Buffalo Buffalo NY USA. Center for Clinical and Translational Science Mayo Clinic Rochester MN USA. Technology and Digital Solutions Stanford Medicine Stanford University Stanford CA USA. Center for Biomedical Informatics Rutgers Cancer Institute New Brunswick NJ USA. Department of Learning Health Sciences University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI USA. Altman Clinical and Translational Research Institute (ACTRI) University of California San Diego La Jolla CA USA. Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science School of Medicine Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA. Department of Ophthalmology CCTSI University of Colorado Aurora CO USA. Center for Clinic

This study reports a comprehensive environmental scan of the generative AI (GenAI) infrastructure in the national network for clinical and translational science across 36 institutions supported by the CTSA Program led by the National Center for Advancing Translational sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) at the United States. Key findings indicate a diverse range of institutional strategies, with most organizations in the experimental phase of GenAI deployment. The results underscore the need for a more coordinated approach to GenAI governance, emphasizing collaboration among senior leaders, clinicians, information technology staff, and researchers. Our analysis reveals that 53% of institutions identified data security as a primary concern, followed by lack of clinician trust (50%) and AI bias (44%), which must be addressed to ensure the ethical and effective implementation of GenAI technologies.

关键词： Health services Public health